Factores de riesgo presentes al momento del diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix, Barranquilla 2015-2017
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Fecha
2018
Autores
Lobo Camargo, Rafael David
Mendoza Márquez, Andrés Felipe
Rada de la Cruz, Harold Enrique
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Antecedentes: El cáncer de cérvix es una enfermedad frecuente en las mujeres de mayor edad, pero hoy en día se observa a edades más tempranas; entre la tercera y cuarta década de la vida, esta enfermedad es prevenible cuando su diagnóstico es oportuno y cuando se realiza un tratamiento adecuado de las lesiones premalignas, por lo que se busca un estudio más a fondo de los factores de riesgo predisponentes para este tipo de patologías.
Objetivos: Describir los factores de riesgo presentes al momento del diagnóstico de cáncer de cérvix en una IPS de cuarto nivel en Barranquilla entre los años comprendidos 2015-2017.
Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de corte transversal, teniendo en cuenta diferentes variables predisponentes al desarrollo del cáncer de cérvix.
Resultados: Los factores de riesgo más significativos en este estudio, fueron la infección con virus del papiloma humano (VPH), multíparidad y tabaquismo. El VPH se presentó en el 83.7% de la población siendo el principal factor de riesgo al momento del diagnóstico, seguido la multiparidad los cuales el 40% de la población tenía 4 hijos o más y por último el tabaquismo el cual se presentó en el 19% de la población.
Conclusiones: Las mujeres que tienen relaciones antes de los 20 años tienen un mayor porcentaje de presentar cáncer de cérvix. La infección por serotipos de alto riesgo del VPH es el principal factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de cáncer de cérvix, ya que éste se presentó en un mayor porcentaje de la población estudiada.
Background: The cancer of cérvix is a frequent disease in the women of major age, but nowadays it is observed to earlier ages; between the third and fourth decade of the life, this disease is prevenible when his diagnosis is opportune and when a suitable treatment of the injuries is realized premalignas, by what a study is looked more thoroughly of the factors of risk predisponentes for this type of pathologies. Objective: In this work the present factors of risk are described to the moment of the diagnosis of cancer of cérvix in an IPS of fourth level in Barranquilla between the included years 2015-2017. Materials and Methods: There was realized a descriptive retrospective study of transverse court, bearing different variables in mind predisponentes to the development of cancer of cérvix. Results: The most significant factors of risk in this study, were the infection with virus of the human papiloma (VPH), multíparity and smoking. The VPH appeared in 83.7 % of the population being the principal factor of risk to the moment of the diagnosis, followed the multiparity which 40 % of the population had 4 children or more and finally the smoking which appeared in 19 % of the population. Conclusions: Women who have intercourse before the age of 20 have a higher percentage of developing cervical cancer. Infection with high-risk serotypes of HPV is the main risk factor for the development of cervical cancer, since it occurred in a higher percentage of the population studied.
Background: The cancer of cérvix is a frequent disease in the women of major age, but nowadays it is observed to earlier ages; between the third and fourth decade of the life, this disease is prevenible when his diagnosis is opportune and when a suitable treatment of the injuries is realized premalignas, by what a study is looked more thoroughly of the factors of risk predisponentes for this type of pathologies. Objective: In this work the present factors of risk are described to the moment of the diagnosis of cancer of cérvix in an IPS of fourth level in Barranquilla between the included years 2015-2017. Materials and Methods: There was realized a descriptive retrospective study of transverse court, bearing different variables in mind predisponentes to the development of cancer of cérvix. Results: The most significant factors of risk in this study, were the infection with virus of the human papiloma (VPH), multíparity and smoking. The VPH appeared in 83.7 % of the population being the principal factor of risk to the moment of the diagnosis, followed the multiparity which 40 % of the population had 4 children or more and finally the smoking which appeared in 19 % of the population. Conclusions: Women who have intercourse before the age of 20 have a higher percentage of developing cervical cancer. Infection with high-risk serotypes of HPV is the main risk factor for the development of cervical cancer, since it occurred in a higher percentage of the population studied.
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Palabras clave
Cáncer de cérvix, Virus del papiloma humano, Mujer multípara, Edad temprana del coito, Tabaquista, Anticonceptivos, Cancer of cérvix, Virus of the human papiloma, Woman multípara, Early age of the coitus, Contraceptives
