Hacia un paradigma biocéntrico: análisis jurídico de los derechos de la naturaleza en Colombia
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Hernández Escalante, Sebastián
Ortegón Suarez, Wilfredo
Rozo Sarmiento, María Josef
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar el concepto de biocentrismo como garantía de los derechos de la naturaleza en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano
de 1991. Desarrollándose a través de un enfoque cualitativo con un paradigma interpretativo y un diseño hermeneútico, esenciales para el estudio del marco normativo
y jurisprudencial. Por consiguiente, se pudo evidenciar una transición del modelo antropocéntrico hacia una aproximación de un paradigma biocentrico que se vislumbra
en sentencias que marcan un hito en el tema como la sentencia T-622 y la STC 4360 de 2018. Sin embargo, persisten tensiones de un modelo antropocéntrico, agravado con la
falta de mecanismos jurídicos efectivos y la resistencia de intereses económicos.
Finalmente, aunque la Constitución y las decisiones judiciales fijan bases sólidas para el biocentrismo, su consolidación requiere reforzar instrumentos legales, promover la
participación comunitaria y fortalecer la ética del cuidado ambiental.
This research aimed to analyze the concept of biocentrism as a guarantee of nature’s rights within the Colombian legal framework of 1991. It was developed through a qualitative approach with an interpretive paradigm and a hermeneutic design, essential for studying the normative and jurisprudential framework. Consequently, a transition from an anthropocentric model toward a biocentric paradigm was evidenced, as reflected in landmark rulings such as the T-622 and STC 4360 of 2018. However, tensions from the anthropocentric model persist, exacerbated by the lack of effective legal mechanisms and resistance from economic interests. Ultimately, although the Constitution and judicial decisions establish a solid foundation for biocentrism, its consolidation requires strengthening legal instruments, promoting community participation, and fostering an ethic of environmental care.
This research aimed to analyze the concept of biocentrism as a guarantee of nature’s rights within the Colombian legal framework of 1991. It was developed through a qualitative approach with an interpretive paradigm and a hermeneutic design, essential for studying the normative and jurisprudential framework. Consequently, a transition from an anthropocentric model toward a biocentric paradigm was evidenced, as reflected in landmark rulings such as the T-622 and STC 4360 of 2018. However, tensions from the anthropocentric model persist, exacerbated by the lack of effective legal mechanisms and resistance from economic interests. Ultimately, although the Constitution and judicial decisions establish a solid foundation for biocentrism, its consolidation requires strengthening legal instruments, promoting community participation, and fostering an ethic of environmental care.
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Palabras clave
Biocentrismo, Derechos de la naturaleza, Derecho ambiental, Constitución de 1991, Protección ambiental
