Prepotent response inhibition and reaction times in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder from a Caribbean community
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Fecha
2017-12
Autores
Jiménez-Figueroa, Giomar
Ardila-Duarte, Carlos
Pineda, David A.
Acosta-López, Johan E.
Cervantes-Henríquez, Martha L.
Pineda-Alhucema, Wilmar
Cervantes-Gutiérrez, Jeimys
Quintero-Ibarra, Marisol
Sáchez-Rojas, Manuel
Vélez, Jorge I.
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Springer Vienna
Resumen
Abstract Impairment in inhibitory control has been postulated
as an underlying hallmark of attention deficit/hyperactivity
disorder (ADHD), which can be utilized as a
quantitative trait for genetic studies. Here, we evaluate
whether inhibitory control, measured by simple automatized
prepotent response (PR) inhibition variables, is a
robust discriminant function for the diagnosis of ADHD in
children and can be used as an endophenotype for future
genetic studies. One hundred fifty-two school children
(30.9% female, 67.8% with ADHD) were recruited. The
ADHD checklist was used as the screening tool, whilst the
DSM-IV Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview,
neurologic interview and neurologic examination, and the
WISC III FSIQ test were administered as the gold standard
procedure to assert ADHD diagnosis. A Go/No-Go task
using a naturalistic and automatized visual signal was
administered. A linear multifactor model (MANOVA) was
fitted to compare groups including ADHD status, age, and
gender as multiple independent factors. Linear discriminant
analysis and the receiver operating characteristic curve
were used to assess the predictive performance of PR
inhibition variables for ADHD diagnosis. We found that
four variables of prepotent response reaction time- and
prepotent response inhibition established statistically significant
differences between children with and without
ADHD. Furthermore, these variables generated a strong
discriminant function with a total classification capability
of 73, 84% specificity, 68% sensitivity, and 90% positive
predictive value for ADHD diagnosis, which support
reaction times as a candidate endophenotype that could
potentially be used in future ADHD genetic research.
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Palabras clave
Inhibitory control, Prepotent response inhibition, Reaction time, ADHD, Endophenotypes