Estructuración de los bancos de proyectos de inversión municipal para entidades territoriales a nivel nacional
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Yánez Blanco, María Isabel
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
Antecedentes: Las inversiones y finanzas públicas están orientadas a el cumplimiento de los objetivos y metas planteados en los planes de Desarrollo Nacional, Departamental y Municipal. Para lograr una ejecución eficiente de los recursos es necesario contar con herramientas e instrumentos que involucren en su totalidad el ciclo de la inversión pública.
El Bpin fue creado para dar cumplimiento a la ley 38 de 1989 la cual reglamenta el presupuesto general de la nación, Está conformado por los componentes legales e institucionales, educación, capacitación y asistencia técnica, metodologías y sistemas de información y herramientas computacionales. Dichos componentes son coordinados por la Subdirección de Proyectos e Información para la Inversión Pública del Departamento Nacional de Planeación (DNP).
Según el boletín de resultados de desempeño fiscal de la vigencia 2020 publicado por el DNP, “El cálculo de los indicadores de la dimensión de gestión muestra un promedio de holgura aproximado de 12%. En cuanto a su capacidad de programación y ejecución de ingresos de esfuerzo propio (tributarios y no tributarios), se observa que el recaudo fue inferior al presupuesto definitivo en 9,5 puntos porcentuales aproximadamente y en la ejecución de la inversión, los pagos corresponden al 92,19% de los compromisos pactados.” (Departamento Nacional de Planeación DNP, 2021) Estas afectaciones se vieron principalmente por la pandemia generada por la Covid – 19 en el mismo año.
Objetivos: Estructurar bancos de proyectos de inversión Municipal Para Entidades Territoriales a Nivel Nacional
Materiales y Métodos: El presente trabajo de grado está basado en la metodología ISO 22500. De igual forma está soportado en información tomada de fuentes oficiales del estado Colombiano.
Resultados: Como resultado se tiene una base sólida para la estructuración de Bancos de Proyectos de Inversión enfocados en el bienestar de la comunidad y en la maximización de los impactos positivos de la inversión pública.
Conclusiones: Desde el punto de vista de la ingeniería industrial, la gerencia de proyectos y en base a los conocimientos y experiencias adquiridos en el desarrollo del presente proyecto, se ratifica la importancia que tiene en todos los aspectos contar con procesos organizados, eficientes y eficaces para la ejecución de los recursos públicos.
La mejora continua es un proceso constante que se desarrolla día a día por medio del trabajo en equipo, por ello es fundamental contar con un buen ambiente laboral que permita la sinergia entre todas las partes interesadas del proyecto, esto con la finalidad de direccionar de manera eficiente la inversión de los recursos públicos en los territorios.
Una de las principales falencias identificadas en el desarrollo del presente proyecto es la dificultad que se presenta en la gran mayoría de las entidades territoriales en materia de comunicación, la deficiencia de los canales existentes y la inexistencia de rutas para la trasmisión de información generan retrasos y desinformación en el desarrollo de los diferentes procesos relacionados a la ejecución de los proyectos. Por ello es fundamental fortalecer la comunicación asertiva y diseñar flujos de información que permitan establecer con claridad los medios y responsables de cada uno de los procesos, esto de la mano de la debida socialización y divulgación de los mismos.
Es de vital importancia el fortalecimiento de los bancos de proyectos de inversión ya que estos son el eje integrador de todos los procesos relacionados con el ciclo de la inversión pública, al establecer lineamientos y rutas claras relacionadas a los procesos del ciclo de la inversión pública se permitirá avanzar de manera eficiente y fluida en la ejecución de los proyectos permitiendo que los procesos de planeación sean más eficientes y se maximice el impacto de la inversión pública en los territorios del País.
Background: Investments and public finances are oriented to the fulfillment of the objectives and goals set forth in the National, Departmental and Municipal Development Plans. To achieve an efficient execution of resources, it is necessary to have tools and instruments that fully involve the cycle of public investment. The Bpin was created to comply with Law 38 of 1989 which regulates the general budget of the nation, It is made up of the legal and institutional components, education, training and technical assistance, methodologies and information systems and computational tools. These components are coordinated by the Subdirectorate of Projects and Information for Public Investment of the National Planning Department (DNP). According to the bulletin of fiscal performance results of the 2020 term published by the DNP, "The calculation of the indicators of the management dimension shows an average of approximate slack of 12%. Regarding its capacity to program and execute own effort revenues (tax and non-tax), it is observed that the collection was lower than the final budget by approximately 9.5 percentage points and in the execution of the investment, the payments correspond to 92.19% of the agreed commitments." (National Planning Department DNP, 2021) These affectations were mainly seen by the pandemic generated by Covid-19 in the same year. Objectives: Structure banks of Municipal investment projects for Territorial Entities at the National Level Materials and Methods: This degree work is based on the ISO 22500 methodology. In the same way it is supported by information taken from official sources of the Colombian state. Results: As a result, there is a solid basis for the structuring of Investment Project Banks focused on the well-being of the community and on maximizing the positive impacts of public investment. Conclusions: From the point of view of industrial engineering, project management and based on the knowledge and experiences acquired in the development of this project, the importance of having organized, efficient and effective processes for the execution of public resources is ratified in all aspects. Continuous improvement is a constant process that is developed day by day through teamwork, so it is essential to have a good work environment that allows synergy between all the stakeholders of the project, this in order to efficiently direct the investment of public resources in the territories. One of the main shortcomings identified in the development of this project is the difficulty that occurs in the vast majority of territorial entities in terms of communication, the deficiency of existing channels and the lack of routes for the transmission of information generate delays and misinformation in the development of the different processes related to the execution of the projects. That is why it is essential to strengthen assertive communication and design information flows that allow clearly establishing the means and responsible for each of the processes, this hand in hand with the proper socialization and dissemination of them. It is of vital importance to strengthen the banks of investment projects since these are the integrating axis of all the processes related to the public investment cycle, by establishing clear guidelines and routes related to the processes of the public investment cycle it will be possible to advance efficiently and fluidly in the execution of the projects allowing the planning processes to be more efficient and maximize the impact of public investment in the territories of the country.
Background: Investments and public finances are oriented to the fulfillment of the objectives and goals set forth in the National, Departmental and Municipal Development Plans. To achieve an efficient execution of resources, it is necessary to have tools and instruments that fully involve the cycle of public investment. The Bpin was created to comply with Law 38 of 1989 which regulates the general budget of the nation, It is made up of the legal and institutional components, education, training and technical assistance, methodologies and information systems and computational tools. These components are coordinated by the Subdirectorate of Projects and Information for Public Investment of the National Planning Department (DNP). According to the bulletin of fiscal performance results of the 2020 term published by the DNP, "The calculation of the indicators of the management dimension shows an average of approximate slack of 12%. Regarding its capacity to program and execute own effort revenues (tax and non-tax), it is observed that the collection was lower than the final budget by approximately 9.5 percentage points and in the execution of the investment, the payments correspond to 92.19% of the agreed commitments." (National Planning Department DNP, 2021) These affectations were mainly seen by the pandemic generated by Covid-19 in the same year. Objectives: Structure banks of Municipal investment projects for Territorial Entities at the National Level Materials and Methods: This degree work is based on the ISO 22500 methodology. In the same way it is supported by information taken from official sources of the Colombian state. Results: As a result, there is a solid basis for the structuring of Investment Project Banks focused on the well-being of the community and on maximizing the positive impacts of public investment. Conclusions: From the point of view of industrial engineering, project management and based on the knowledge and experiences acquired in the development of this project, the importance of having organized, efficient and effective processes for the execution of public resources is ratified in all aspects. Continuous improvement is a constant process that is developed day by day through teamwork, so it is essential to have a good work environment that allows synergy between all the stakeholders of the project, this in order to efficiently direct the investment of public resources in the territories. One of the main shortcomings identified in the development of this project is the difficulty that occurs in the vast majority of territorial entities in terms of communication, the deficiency of existing channels and the lack of routes for the transmission of information generate delays and misinformation in the development of the different processes related to the execution of the projects. That is why it is essential to strengthen assertive communication and design information flows that allow clearly establishing the means and responsible for each of the processes, this hand in hand with the proper socialization and dissemination of them. It is of vital importance to strengthen the banks of investment projects since these are the integrating axis of all the processes related to the public investment cycle, by establishing clear guidelines and routes related to the processes of the public investment cycle it will be possible to advance efficiently and fluidly in the execution of the projects allowing the planning processes to be more efficient and maximize the impact of public investment in the territories of the country.
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Palabras clave
Comunidad, Banco de Proyectos, Inversión, Planeación, Seguimiento, Control, Community, Project Bank, Investment, Planning, Monitoring, Control
