Minería a cielo abierto, sus implicaciones en la expectativa de vida saludable de los trabajadores del Cerrejón
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Cardeño Portela, Zamir Javier
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La seguridad social en Colombia es un derecho fundamental que busca proteger a
las personas frente a las diversas contingencias, ofreciendo prestaciones económicas,
médicas y sociales. Entre estas prestaciones, la pensión de vejez es decisiva para garantizar
una vida digna y otorgar el mínimo vital a los trabajadores al llegar a la vejez.
Existen pensiones especiales para ciertos grupos de trabajadores debido a las
condiciones específicas de sus labores. Estas pensiones modifican los requisitos para
acceder a la prestación de vejez, disminuyendo algunos de estos para mejorar la calidad de
vida de estos trabajadores. Un claro ejemplo es la pensión especial de vejez por actividades.
Actualmente, el Congreso de Colombia está discutiendo el Proyecto de Ley 163 de
2023, que busca garantizar el reconocimiento y pago de la pensión especial de vejez por
ocupaciones de alto riesgo para la salud. Este proyecto de ley propone incluir a los
trabajadores de minería a cielo abierto en el ámbito de aplicación de las pensiones
especiales de vejez por actividades de alto riesgo, permitiendo a este grupo de trabajadores
el reconocimiento de la prestación social pensión de vejez a una menor edad por el
potencial impacto negativo que puede tener en la salud de los trabajadores. El proyecto de
ley también busca mejorar la vigilancia y control de las actividades de alto riesgo,
estableciendo funciones específicas para el Ministerio de Trabajo, que incluirán la
certificación de estas actividades y la resolución de controversias entre trabajadores y
empleadores.
Social security in Colombia is a fundamental right that seeks to protect people against various contingencies, offering economic, medical, and social benefits. Among these benefits, the old-age pension is crucial for ensuring a dignified life and providing the minimum living standard for workers when they reach old age. Special pensions exist for certain groups of workers due to the specific conditions of their jobs. These pensions modify the requirements for accessing old-age benefits, lowering some of them to improve the quality of life of these workers. A clear example is the special old-age pension for high-risk activities, which includes jobs that can significantly affect health and reduce workers' healthy life expectancy. Currently, the Colombian Congress is debating Bill 163 of 2023, which seeks to guarantee the recognition and payment of the special old-age pension for high-risk occupations. This bill proposes including open-pit mining workers within the scope of special old-age pensions for high-risk activities, allowing this group of workers to be recognized as receiving the old-age pension at a younger age due to the potential negative impact it may have on workers' health. The bill also seeks to improve the monitoring and control of high-risk activities by establishing specific functions for the Ministry of Labor, which will include the certification of these activities and the resolution of disputes between workers and employers.
Social security in Colombia is a fundamental right that seeks to protect people against various contingencies, offering economic, medical, and social benefits. Among these benefits, the old-age pension is crucial for ensuring a dignified life and providing the minimum living standard for workers when they reach old age. Special pensions exist for certain groups of workers due to the specific conditions of their jobs. These pensions modify the requirements for accessing old-age benefits, lowering some of them to improve the quality of life of these workers. A clear example is the special old-age pension for high-risk activities, which includes jobs that can significantly affect health and reduce workers' healthy life expectancy. Currently, the Colombian Congress is debating Bill 163 of 2023, which seeks to guarantee the recognition and payment of the special old-age pension for high-risk occupations. This bill proposes including open-pit mining workers within the scope of special old-age pensions for high-risk activities, allowing this group of workers to be recognized as receiving the old-age pension at a younger age due to the potential negative impact it may have on workers' health. The bill also seeks to improve the monitoring and control of high-risk activities by establishing specific functions for the Ministry of Labor, which will include the certification of these activities and the resolution of disputes between workers and employers.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Sistema general de seguridad social, Sistema General de Pensiones, Pensión de vejez, Pensión de alto riesgo, Neumoconiosis, Silicosis, Minería, Minería a cielo abierto, Actividad de alto riesgo
