Prevalencia y recurrencia de infecciones en pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de Leucemia entre los años 2020-2022 en tres IPS de Barranquilla (Atl, CO)
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Rodríguez Miranda, Yolanda
Camargo Hernández, Salime Salomé
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Las leucemias son un grupo de enfermedades que se caracterizan fundamentalmente por la infiltración de la médula ósea, sangre y diferentes tejidos por células neoplásicas del sistema hematopoyético. Dentro de las complicaciones, las más importantes son las infecciones, debido a que los pacientes oncológicos tienden a desarrollarlas por el mismo estado de inmunosupresión de su enfermedad y por el tratamiento citotóxico derivado de la quimioterapia.
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de infecciones en pacientes menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de leucemia en el período comprendido entre abril de 2020 - abril de 2022, en tres IPSs de la ciudad de Barranquilla.
Metodología: Estudio longitudinal retrospectivo tipo analítico con una medida cuantitativa. Se realizó en tres instituciones prestadoras de salud del distrito de Barranquilla. La población de estudio, fueron menores de 18 años con diagnóstico de leucemia quienes presentaron infecciones documentadas por historia clínica, esto con la finalidad de tener la trazabilidad de los datos. Se realizaron medidas de tendencia central para los datos, como pruebas ad hoc que permitieran determinar la idoneidad de las estadísticas para su difusión y análisis. Resultados: De los 54 pacientes enrolados, el 61.1% fueron hombres. La leucemia linfoblástica aguda, fue la más prevalente (87%). La frecuencia de infecciones fue de 4 y 6 infecciones por pacientes 35.2%. En la fase del tratamiento donde más se presentaron infecciones fue en la inducción (59%).
Conclusión: Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el ingreso a UCI por infecciones y mortalidad.
Leukemias are a group of diseases that are mainly characterized by the infiltration of the bone marrow, blood and different tissues by neoplastic cells of the hematopoietic system. Among the complications, the most important are infections, because cancer patients tend to develop them due to the same state of immunosuppression of their disease and due to the cytotoxic treatment derived from chemotherapy. Objective: To determine the prevalence of infections in patients under 18 years of age diagnosed with leukemia in the period between April 2020 - April 2022, in three IPSs in the city of Barranquilla. Methodology: Retrospective longitudinal analytical study with a quantitative measure. It was carried out in three health-providing institutions in the district of Barranquilla. The study population was under 18 years of age with a diagnosis of leukemia who presented infections documented by clinical history, in order to have data traceability. Measures of central tendency were performed for the data, such as ad hoc tests to determine the suitability of the statistics for dissemination and analysis. Results: Of the 54 patients enrolled, 61.1% were men. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most prevalent (87%). The frequency of infections was 4 and 6 infections per patient 35.2%. In the treatment phase where more infections occurred was in the induction (59%). Conclusion: A significant association was found between admission to the ICU due to infections and mortality.
Leukemias are a group of diseases that are mainly characterized by the infiltration of the bone marrow, blood and different tissues by neoplastic cells of the hematopoietic system. Among the complications, the most important are infections, because cancer patients tend to develop them due to the same state of immunosuppression of their disease and due to the cytotoxic treatment derived from chemotherapy. Objective: To determine the prevalence of infections in patients under 18 years of age diagnosed with leukemia in the period between April 2020 - April 2022, in three IPSs in the city of Barranquilla. Methodology: Retrospective longitudinal analytical study with a quantitative measure. It was carried out in three health-providing institutions in the district of Barranquilla. The study population was under 18 years of age with a diagnosis of leukemia who presented infections documented by clinical history, in order to have data traceability. Measures of central tendency were performed for the data, such as ad hoc tests to determine the suitability of the statistics for dissemination and analysis. Results: Of the 54 patients enrolled, 61.1% were men. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was the most prevalent (87%). The frequency of infections was 4 and 6 infections per patient 35.2%. In the treatment phase where more infections occurred was in the induction (59%). Conclusion: A significant association was found between admission to the ICU due to infections and mortality.
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Palabras clave
Leucemias, Pediátrica, Infecciones, Mortalidad, Leukemias, Pediatric, Infections, Mortality
