Empresa proveedora de soluciones tecnológicas de energía fotovoltaica en la ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Villamizar Sanguino, Belen Juliana
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
Antecedentes:
− “PLAN DE NEGOCIO DE UNA EMPRESA INSTALADORA DE PANELES SOLARES TÉRMICOS” realizado en Leganes, España en el 2015 de la academia Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, por el autor David Ortega del Valle.
− Artículo científico publicado en España en el 2016 de la revista de Investigación y Desarrollo ECORFAN, citado por Salazar Peralta, Araceli, Pichardo-s. j. Alfredo, Pichardo-s, Ulises “La energía solar, una alternativa para la generación de energía renovable”,
− Universidad EAN el proyecto realizado en Bogotá, Colombia, por Boris Javier Baracaldo Diazgranados, Jhon Fredy Camelo González y Claudia Liliana Durán, titulado “PLAN DE NEGOCIO PARA LA CREACIÓN DE LA EMPRESA INNOVATIVE ENERGY”,
− Bogotá, Colombia en el 2016-2017 por los estudiantes de la Universidad Santo Tomas de Aquino, Jhonnatan Gómez-Ramírez, Jairo D. Murcia-Murcia, Ivan Cabeza-Rojas, titulado “LA ENERGÍA SOLAR FOTOVOLTAICA EN COLOMBIA: POTENCIALES, ANTECEDENTES Y PERSPECTIVAS”
− “ESTUDIO DE FACTIBILIDAD PARA LA CREACIÓN DE UNA EMPRESA DEDICADA A EL DISEÑO, INSTALACIÓN Y SERVICIO TÉCNICO DE DISPOSITIVOS DE ENERGÍA SOLAR” en Pereira, Colombia en el 2017 de la academia Universidad Católica de Pereira, por Bryan David Quintero Brand, Juan Alberto Cárdenas Marulanda.
− “PLAN DE NEGOCIOS PARA LA CREACIÓN DE LA EMPRESA SM INGENIERIA SUSTENTABLE S.A.S – ENERGÍAS VERDES” en Bogotá, Colombia en la academia Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, por Claudia Milena Moreno Ospina y Adriana Marcela Santos Felisola
− Cúcuta, Colombia en el año 2019 en la Universidad de Santander, citado por Eddy Camila Díaz Quiñones, Edgar Javier Flórez Garay y Miller Eduardo Otero Gómez como “PROPUESTA PARA EL DISEÑO DE UNA ZONA DE ESTUDIO CON PANEL SOLAR EN LA PLAZOLETA DE LA FAMILIA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE SANTANDER BAJO LOS ESTÁNDARES DE LA PMI”
− Universidad Libre Seccional Cúcuta, por Alex Valerio Cárdenas Niño y Marco Alfredo Jaimes Carvajal, titulado “FACTIBILIDAD PARA LA CREACIÓN DE UNA EMPRESA PRESTADORA DE SERVICIO DE IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE ENERGÍAS FOTOVOLTAICAS”
Objetivo General:
− Creación de empresa de energía solar, siguiendo los estudios preliminares económicos, de mercado y técnicos en el municipio de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander.
Objetivos Específicos:
− Generación de Beneficios tributarios por la Contribución a la mitigación del impacto ambiental en la actualidad.
− Creación de un Portafolio amplio de servicios y productos de calidad.
− Diseñar Instalaciones de equipos funcionales y de mantenimiento de acuerdo a las normas y diseños.
− Definir parámetros de sostenibilidad de la empresa con alto posicionamiento en el mercado de la región y con indicios de expansión.
Materiales y Métodos:
Se llevo a cabo con el método de marco lógico y materiales de investigación en línea y casos de experiencias reales.
Resultados:
En temas económicos, siguiendo el análisis de costos que se realizó se puede observar que para mantener cada mes la empresa con todo el personal y servicios que se planean ofertar iniciando tendría un costo de 135’773.233 que representan todos los gastos administrativos y operativos, y cargos administrativos y operativos, lo que convendría manejar un margen de ventas cerca de 897’750.000 de pesos mensuales garantizando un margen de neto de ingresos mensuales de 74’913.648 de pesos lo que nos permite pensar en una viabilidad financiera, cumpliendo todas estas metas.
El análisis de viabilidad financiera podemos ver reflejado que comprometido el 50% de ingresos para saldar la deuda, es decir 37’456.824 de pesos al mes, al año 5 se ve recuperada la inversión PB, y que al año 10 es el tiempo de recuperación teniendo en cuenta la tasa de oportunidad, lo que quiere decir que en este año ya se habrá cubierto la deuda. Se debe tener en cuenta que para este análisis se tuvo en cuenta un porcentaje del 14% lo cual es alto e incluye el seguro para la financiación.
Conclusiones:
Finalmente, luego de todo el análisis realizado en el documento, se puede concluir que en temas de mercado el proyecto es viable adelantarlo puesto que según la localización geográfica del departamento se presta para la implementación de paneles solares ya que la potencia solar esta sobre el promedio requerida para instalar estos elementos, además que el promedio de potencia solar en el resto del país también se encuentra sobre el promedio lo que también lo hace viable para que el la empresa lleve soluciones de energía solar y sus servicios a el resto de departamentos.
En temas de mercado y condiciones sociales se puede analizar los sectores residenciales a los cuales se podrá contar con mejor acceso por parte del cliente a los sistemas solares teniendo en cuenta el total aprovechamiento económico de esta tecnología, se puede decir que para los estratos 4, 5 y 6, y para los hogares que reflejen en sus cobros de energía valores elevados la implementación de los paneles solares resultará más rentable con relación al tiempo. Las industrias, comercios e instituciones seguirán siendo un gran cliente para la implementación de paneles solares puesto que su consumo de energía siempre será en grandes cantidades.
Background: − "BUSINESS PLAN OF A COMPANY INSTALLING SOLAR THERMAL PANELS" carried out in Leganes, Spain in 2015 at the Carlos III University academy in Madrid, by the author David Ortega del Valle. − Scientific article published in Spain in 2016 in the ECORFAN Research and Development magazine, cited by Salazar Peralta, Araceli, Pichardo-s. J. Alfredo, Pichardo-s, Ulises "Solar energy, an alternative for the generation of renewable energy", − Universidad EAN the project carried out in Bogotá, Colombia, by Boris Javier Baracaldo Diazgranados, Jhon Fredy Camelo González and Claudia Liliana Durán, entitled “BUSINESS PLAN FOR THE CREATION OF THE INNOVATIVE ENERGY COMPANY”, − Bogotá, Colombia in 2016-2017 by the students of the Santo Tomas de Aquino University, Jhonnatan Gómez-Ramírez, Jairo D. Murcia-Murcia, Ivan Cabeza-Rojas, entitled "SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY IN COLOMBIA: POTENTIAL, BACKGROUND AND PERSPECTIVES” − "FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE CREATION OF A COMPANY DEDICATED TO THE DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND TECHNICAL SERVICE OF SOLAR ENERGY DEVICES" in Pereira, Colombia in 2017 of the Pereira Catholic University Academy, by Bryan David Quintero Brand, Juan Alberto Cárdenas Marulanda. − "BUSINESS PLAN FOR THE CREATION OF THE COMPANY SM INGENIERIA SUSTENTABLE S.A.S – GREEN ENERGIES" in Bogotá, Colombia at the Francisco José de Caldas District University Academy, by Claudia Milena Moreno Ospina and Adriana Marcela Santos Felisola − Cúcuta, Colombia in 2019 at the University of Santander, cited by Eddy Camila Díaz Quiñones, Edgar Javier Flórez Garay and Miller Eduardo Otero Gómez as “PROPOSAL FOR THE DESIGN OF A STUDY AREA WITH SOLAR PANEL IN THE FAMILY SQUARE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTANDER UNDER THE STANDARDS OF THE PMI” − Cúcuta Sectional Free University, by Alex Valerio Cárdenas Niño and Marco Alfredo Jaimes Carvajal, entitled “FEASIBILITY FOR THE CREATION OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY IMPLEMENTATION SERVICE PROVIDER COMPANY” General objective: − Creation of a solar energy company, following preliminary economic, market and technical studies in the municipality of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. Specific objectives: − Generation of Tax Benefits for the Contribution to the mitigation of the current environmental impact. − Creation of a broad portfolio of quality services and products. − Design facilities for functional and maintenance equipment in accordance with standards and designs. − Define sustainability parameters for the company with a high position in the region's market and with signs of expansion. Materials and methods: It was carried out with the logical framework method and online research materials and cases of real experiences. Results: In economic matters, following the analysis of costs that was carried out, it can be observed that to maintain the company each month with all the personnel and services that are planned to be offered starting, it would have a cost of 135,773,233, which represents all administrative and operating expenses, and administrative and operating charges, which would be convenient to manage a sales margin of around 897,750,000 pesos per month, guaranteeing a net monthly income margin of 74,913,648 pesos, which allows us to think of financial viability, fulfilling all these goals. The financial viability analysis shows that 50% of income has been committed to pay off the debt, that is, 37,456,824 pesos per month, in year 5 the PB investment is recovered, and that in year 10 is the recovery time. taking into account the opportunity rate, which means that in this year the debt will have already been covered. It should be noted that for this analysis a percentage of 14% was taken into account, which is high and includes insurance for financing. Conclusions: Finally, after all the analysis carried out in the document, it can be concluded that in market matters the project is viable to advance it since according to the geographical location of the department it lends itself to the implementation of solar panels since the solar power is above average. required to install these elements, in addition to the fact that the average solar power in the rest of the country is also above average, which also makes it feasible for the company to bring solar energy solutions and services to the rest of the departments. In terms of market and social conditions, it is possible to analyze the residential sectors to which the client can have better access to solar systems, taking into account the total economic use of this technology, it can be said that for strata 4, 5 and 6, and for households that reflect high values in their energy charges, the implementation of solar panels will be more profitable in relation to time. Industries, businesses and institutions will continue to be a great client for the implementation of solar panels since their energy consumption will always be in large quantities.
Background: − "BUSINESS PLAN OF A COMPANY INSTALLING SOLAR THERMAL PANELS" carried out in Leganes, Spain in 2015 at the Carlos III University academy in Madrid, by the author David Ortega del Valle. − Scientific article published in Spain in 2016 in the ECORFAN Research and Development magazine, cited by Salazar Peralta, Araceli, Pichardo-s. J. Alfredo, Pichardo-s, Ulises "Solar energy, an alternative for the generation of renewable energy", − Universidad EAN the project carried out in Bogotá, Colombia, by Boris Javier Baracaldo Diazgranados, Jhon Fredy Camelo González and Claudia Liliana Durán, entitled “BUSINESS PLAN FOR THE CREATION OF THE INNOVATIVE ENERGY COMPANY”, − Bogotá, Colombia in 2016-2017 by the students of the Santo Tomas de Aquino University, Jhonnatan Gómez-Ramírez, Jairo D. Murcia-Murcia, Ivan Cabeza-Rojas, entitled "SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY IN COLOMBIA: POTENTIAL, BACKGROUND AND PERSPECTIVES” − "FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE CREATION OF A COMPANY DEDICATED TO THE DESIGN, INSTALLATION AND TECHNICAL SERVICE OF SOLAR ENERGY DEVICES" in Pereira, Colombia in 2017 of the Pereira Catholic University Academy, by Bryan David Quintero Brand, Juan Alberto Cárdenas Marulanda. − "BUSINESS PLAN FOR THE CREATION OF THE COMPANY SM INGENIERIA SUSTENTABLE S.A.S – GREEN ENERGIES" in Bogotá, Colombia at the Francisco José de Caldas District University Academy, by Claudia Milena Moreno Ospina and Adriana Marcela Santos Felisola − Cúcuta, Colombia in 2019 at the University of Santander, cited by Eddy Camila Díaz Quiñones, Edgar Javier Flórez Garay and Miller Eduardo Otero Gómez as “PROPOSAL FOR THE DESIGN OF A STUDY AREA WITH SOLAR PANEL IN THE FAMILY SQUARE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTANDER UNDER THE STANDARDS OF THE PMI” − Cúcuta Sectional Free University, by Alex Valerio Cárdenas Niño and Marco Alfredo Jaimes Carvajal, entitled “FEASIBILITY FOR THE CREATION OF A PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY IMPLEMENTATION SERVICE PROVIDER COMPANY” General objective: − Creation of a solar energy company, following preliminary economic, market and technical studies in the municipality of Cúcuta, Norte de Santander. Specific objectives: − Generation of Tax Benefits for the Contribution to the mitigation of the current environmental impact. − Creation of a broad portfolio of quality services and products. − Design facilities for functional and maintenance equipment in accordance with standards and designs. − Define sustainability parameters for the company with a high position in the region's market and with signs of expansion. Materials and methods: It was carried out with the logical framework method and online research materials and cases of real experiences. Results: In economic matters, following the analysis of costs that was carried out, it can be observed that to maintain the company each month with all the personnel and services that are planned to be offered starting, it would have a cost of 135,773,233, which represents all administrative and operating expenses, and administrative and operating charges, which would be convenient to manage a sales margin of around 897,750,000 pesos per month, guaranteeing a net monthly income margin of 74,913,648 pesos, which allows us to think of financial viability, fulfilling all these goals. The financial viability analysis shows that 50% of income has been committed to pay off the debt, that is, 37,456,824 pesos per month, in year 5 the PB investment is recovered, and that in year 10 is the recovery time. taking into account the opportunity rate, which means that in this year the debt will have already been covered. It should be noted that for this analysis a percentage of 14% was taken into account, which is high and includes insurance for financing. Conclusions: Finally, after all the analysis carried out in the document, it can be concluded that in market matters the project is viable to advance it since according to the geographical location of the department it lends itself to the implementation of solar panels since the solar power is above average. required to install these elements, in addition to the fact that the average solar power in the rest of the country is also above average, which also makes it feasible for the company to bring solar energy solutions and services to the rest of the departments. In terms of market and social conditions, it is possible to analyze the residential sectors to which the client can have better access to solar systems, taking into account the total economic use of this technology, it can be said that for strata 4, 5 and 6, and for households that reflect high values in their energy charges, the implementation of solar panels will be more profitable in relation to time. Industries, businesses and institutions will continue to be a great client for the implementation of solar panels since their energy consumption will always be in large quantities.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Paneles solares, Eficiencia, Energía, Co2, Solar panels, Efficiency, Energy, Co2
