Sepsis neonatal
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Fecha
2014
Autores
Agudelo Chalarca, Kely Vanessa
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
La sepsis neonatal es la causa más común de muertes neonatales con alta mortalidad a pesar del tratamiento, actualmente causan alrededor de 1,6 millones de muertes al año en los países en desarrollo. Esta patología se puede clasificar en dos subtipos dependiendo de la aparición de los síntomas. Hay muchos factores que hacen que los recién nacidos más susceptible a la infección. Los signos de la sepsis en recién nacidos a menudo son inespecíficos y se necesita alto grado de sospecha para el diagnóstico precoz. Algunos parámetros de laboratorio pueden ser útiles para el tamizaje de sepsis neonatal, pero nada de esto es específico y lo suficientemente sensible como para ser utilizados por separado. El enfoque diagnóstico se centra principalmente en la historia y el examen de los signos y síntomas no específicos. La terapia con antibióticos es la base del tratamiento y la atención de apoyo es igualmente importante. El presente trabajo tiene como propósito identificar aspectos relevantes de la sepsis neonatal y su patogénesis. Para ello, se hizo búsquedas en Pubmed entre el año (2001-2014), el uso de palabras clave como sepsis, sepsis neonatal, shock séptico, patogénesis, incidencia. Ampliamos nuestra búsqueda siguiendo las referencias de los artículos identificados, se revisaron de forma individual los títulos de 120 artículos para identificar los temas principales, también hicimos búsquedas adicionales en base a palabras clave o conceptos que habían sido identificados en la búsqueda inicial. Los datos presentados se derivan directamente de los trabajos seleccionados y no han sido objeto de un mayor análisis estadístico Finalmente se organizaron las ideas con el conocimiento y la experiencia de nuestros propios campos, para preparar una breve revisión de las secciones con los temas de nuestro interés.
Neonatal sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal deaths with high mortality despite treatment, currently cause about 1.6 million deaths per year in developing countries. This condition can be classified into two subtypes depending on the onset of symptoms. There are many factors that make infants more susceptible to infection. Signs of sepsis in newborns are often nonspecific and high index of suspicion for early diagnosis is needed. Some laboratory parameters may be useful for screening for neonatal sepsis, but none of this is specific and sensitive enough to be used separately. The diagnostic approach focuses primarily on the history and examination of nonspecific signs and symptoms. Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of treatment and supportive care is equally important. This paper aims to identify important aspects of neonatal sepsis and its pathogenesis. To do this, we searched PubMed between the year (2001-2014), using keywords such as sepsis, neonatal sepsis, septic shock, pathogenesis, incidence was. We extended our search following the references of identified articles were reviewed individually titles 120 articles to identify key issues, we also made additional searches based on key words or concepts that had been identified in the initial search. The data presented are derived directly from the selected works and have not been further statistical analysis. Finally ideas were organized with the knowledge and experience of our own fields, to prepare a brief review of the sections with topics of interest.
Neonatal sepsis is the most common cause of neonatal deaths with high mortality despite treatment, currently cause about 1.6 million deaths per year in developing countries. This condition can be classified into two subtypes depending on the onset of symptoms. There are many factors that make infants more susceptible to infection. Signs of sepsis in newborns are often nonspecific and high index of suspicion for early diagnosis is needed. Some laboratory parameters may be useful for screening for neonatal sepsis, but none of this is specific and sensitive enough to be used separately. The diagnostic approach focuses primarily on the history and examination of nonspecific signs and symptoms. Antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of treatment and supportive care is equally important. This paper aims to identify important aspects of neonatal sepsis and its pathogenesis. To do this, we searched PubMed between the year (2001-2014), using keywords such as sepsis, neonatal sepsis, septic shock, pathogenesis, incidence was. We extended our search following the references of identified articles were reviewed individually titles 120 articles to identify key issues, we also made additional searches based on key words or concepts that had been identified in the initial search. The data presented are derived directly from the selected works and have not been further statistical analysis. Finally ideas were organized with the knowledge and experience of our own fields, to prepare a brief review of the sections with topics of interest.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Sepsis neonatal (NS), Infección bacteriana sistémica, Epidemiologia, Factores de riesgo neonatales
