Clima organizacional, satisfacción laboral y salud mental en trabajadores de diferentes sectores económicos: estudio basado en estándares de calidad y escalas psicométricas validadas
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Marbello Flórez, Keinys Vanessa
Romero Vitola, Laura Vanessa
Ruidiaz Rodríguez, Gregorys Isabel
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Introducción: El presente proyecto de investigación analizó de manera integrada el
clima organizacional, la satisfacción laboral y la salud mental en trabajadores de
diversos sectores económicos, con el propósito de comprender la calidad de vida
laboral desde una perspectiva multidimensional. En los últimos años, estas
variables han adquirido relevancia estratégica debido a su influencia directa en el
bienestar psicológico, el desempeño, el compromiso organizacional y la
sostenibilidad del trabajo. La literatura científica reciente señala que percepciones
relacionadas con justicia, comunicación interna, apoyo del liderazgo y
oportunidades de participación determinan en gran medida cómo los trabajadores
interpretan sus experiencias laborales y cómo estas se relacionan con su salud
emocional. Asimismo, estudios contemporáneos han documentado que la
satisfacción laboral opera como un indicador sensible de la calidad del entorno de
trabajo, asociándose con menores niveles de estrés, mejores relaciones
interpersonales y menor intención de abandono. En el ámbito de la salud mental,
la evidencia continúa mostrando que factores psicosociales como la sobrecarga, el
bajo control y la falta de apoyo pueden exacerbar síntomas de depresión, ansiedad
y estrés, afectando la seguridad, la productividad y la calidad del trabajo. En este
marco conceptual, el proyecto se enfocó en caracterizar estas tres dimensiones
mediante instrumentos psicométricos y organizacionales estandarizados,
permitiendo generar un diagnóstico integral y orientado a la gestión de riesgos
psicosociales.
Objetivo: Caracterizar el clima organizacional, la satisfacción laboral y la salud
mental en trabajadores de diferentes sectores económicos, evaluados mediante
estándares de calidad organizacional y escalas psicométricas validadas.
Materiales y Métodos: El estudio empleó un diseño descriptivo de corte transversal
y se desarrolló con trabajadores de distintos sectores económicos. La recolección
de datos se realizó mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico, un instrumento de
clima organizacional alineado con las directrices de la norma ISO 9001:2015, el
cuestionario de satisfacción laboral S20/23 y la escala DASS-21 para la medición
de síntomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Las variables evaluadas abarcaron
percepciones de justicia, comunicación, trato respetuoso, apoyo de la supervisión,
relaciones interpersonales, condiciones físicas del entorno laboral, bienestar
emocional y autopercepción de salud. Los datos fueron procesados mediante
Python, utilizando análisis descriptivos y frecuencia de respuestas para identificar
patrones de percepción y distribución sintomática.
Introduction: The present research project analyzed organizational climate, job satisfaction, and mental health in an integrated manner among workers from various economic sectors, with the aim of understanding quality of working life from a multidimensional perspective. In recent years, these variables have gained strategic relevance due to their direct influence on psychological well-being, performance, organizational commitment, and work sustainability. Recent scientific literature indicates that perceptions related to justice, internal communication, leadership support, and opportunities for participation largely determine how workers interpret their work experiences and how these experiences are linked to emotional health. Likewise, contemporary studies have documented that job satisfaction functions as a sensitive indicator of work environment quality, being associated with lower stress levels, improved interpersonal relationships, and reduced turnover intentions. In the field of mental health, evidence continues to show that psychosocial factors such as workload, low job control, and lack of support may exacerbate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, negatively affecting safety, productivity, and work quality. Within this conceptual framework, the project focused on characterizing these three dimensions through standardized psychometric and organizational instruments, enabling the development of a comprehensive diagnosis oriented toward psychosocial risk management. Objective: To characterize organizational climate, job satisfaction, and mental health among workers from different economic sectors, assessed using organizational quality standards and validated psychometric scales. Materials and Methods: The study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional design and was conducted with workers from different economic sectors. Data collection was carried out using a sociodemographic questionnaire, an organizational climate instrument aligned with the ISO 9001:2015 quality management guidelines, the S20/23 job satisfaction questionnaire, and the DASS-21 scale for the assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The variables evaluated included perceptions of justice, communication, respectful treatment, supervisory support, interpersonal relationships, physical working conditions, emotional well-being, and self-perceived health. Data were processed using Python software, applying descriptive analyses and frequency distributions to identify perception patterns and symptom distribution
Introduction: The present research project analyzed organizational climate, job satisfaction, and mental health in an integrated manner among workers from various economic sectors, with the aim of understanding quality of working life from a multidimensional perspective. In recent years, these variables have gained strategic relevance due to their direct influence on psychological well-being, performance, organizational commitment, and work sustainability. Recent scientific literature indicates that perceptions related to justice, internal communication, leadership support, and opportunities for participation largely determine how workers interpret their work experiences and how these experiences are linked to emotional health. Likewise, contemporary studies have documented that job satisfaction functions as a sensitive indicator of work environment quality, being associated with lower stress levels, improved interpersonal relationships, and reduced turnover intentions. In the field of mental health, evidence continues to show that psychosocial factors such as workload, low job control, and lack of support may exacerbate symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, negatively affecting safety, productivity, and work quality. Within this conceptual framework, the project focused on characterizing these three dimensions through standardized psychometric and organizational instruments, enabling the development of a comprehensive diagnosis oriented toward psychosocial risk management. Objective: To characterize organizational climate, job satisfaction, and mental health among workers from different economic sectors, assessed using organizational quality standards and validated psychometric scales. Materials and Methods: The study employed a descriptive, cross-sectional design and was conducted with workers from different economic sectors. Data collection was carried out using a sociodemographic questionnaire, an organizational climate instrument aligned with the ISO 9001:2015 quality management guidelines, the S20/23 job satisfaction questionnaire, and the DASS-21 scale for the assessment of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The variables evaluated included perceptions of justice, communication, respectful treatment, supervisory support, interpersonal relationships, physical working conditions, emotional well-being, and self-perceived health. Data were processed using Python software, applying descriptive analyses and frequency distributions to identify perception patterns and symptom distribution
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Palabras clave
Cultura organizacional, Satisfacción laboral, Salud mental, Trabajadores
