Herramientas de identificación y prevención de enfermedades de origen laboral en el marco del trabajo remoto y/o teletrabajo en Colombia
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Arias Uribe, Mario Yamid
Galviz Pacheco, José Armando
Yanes Cotamo, Angie Belen
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Esta investigación aborda el problema de las enfermedades de origen laboral en empleados que trabajan en modalidad remota y/o teletrabajo en Colombia. Se utilizó un diseño mixto que combinó enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos para analizar las enfermedades asociadas al teletrabajo y proponer medidas de prevención basadas en el Decreto 1477 de 2014 y la literatura científica relevante. La investigación se centró en la correlación y la inferencia, y se desarrolló en el contexto del teletrabajo en Colombia. Se revisaron exhaustivamente fuentes como artículos científicos, ensayos y normativas relacionadas con el tema.
Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el teletrabajo puede estar asociado con un mayor riesgo de estrés, agotamiento emocional, trastornos del sueño, problemas musculoesqueléticos, problemas de salud mental y dificultades para establecer límites entre el trabajo y la vida personal. Se destacó la importancia de implementar políticas de desconexión laboral, proporcionar elementos ergonómicos, realizar controles oftalmológicos periódicos y promover pausas activas a través de software. Se resaltó que la implementación de estas medidas preventivas depende tanto de los empleadores como de los teletrabajadores, y que es necesario fomentar una cultura organizacional que valore el equilibrio entre el trabajo y la vida personal.
This research addresses the problem of work-related diseases in employees who work remotely and/or telecommute in Colombia. A mixed design combining quantitative and qualitative approaches was used to analyze the diseases associated with telecommuting and propose preventive measures based on Decree 1477 of 2014 and relevant scientific literature. The research focused on correlation and inference and was conducted in the context of telecommuting in Colombia. Extensive sources such as scientific articles, essays, and regulations related to the topic were thoroughly reviewed. The results showed that telecommuting can be associated with a higher risk of stress, emotional exhaustion, sleep disorders, musculoskeletal problems, mental health issues, and difficulties in establishing work-life boundaries. The importance of implementing policies for work disconnection, providing ergonomic elements, conducting periodic ophthalmological checks, and promoting active breaks through software was highlighted. It was emphasized that the implementation of these preventive measures depends on both employers and telecommuters, and that it is necessary to foster an organizational culture that values work-life balance
This research addresses the problem of work-related diseases in employees who work remotely and/or telecommute in Colombia. A mixed design combining quantitative and qualitative approaches was used to analyze the diseases associated with telecommuting and propose preventive measures based on Decree 1477 of 2014 and relevant scientific literature. The research focused on correlation and inference and was conducted in the context of telecommuting in Colombia. Extensive sources such as scientific articles, essays, and regulations related to the topic were thoroughly reviewed. The results showed that telecommuting can be associated with a higher risk of stress, emotional exhaustion, sleep disorders, musculoskeletal problems, mental health issues, and difficulties in establishing work-life boundaries. The importance of implementing policies for work disconnection, providing ergonomic elements, conducting periodic ophthalmological checks, and promoting active breaks through software was highlighted. It was emphasized that the implementation of these preventive measures depends on both employers and telecommuters, and that it is necessary to foster an organizational culture that values work-life balance
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Palabras clave
Teletrabajo, Enfermedades de origen laboral, Medidas de prevención, Ergonomía, Salud mental, Telecommuting, Work-related diseases, Preventive measures, Ergonomics, Mental health
