Aplicación del régimen de inhabilidades e incompatibilidades y su impacto en la validez de la elección y el ejercicio del cargo de servidores públicos de elección popular en el departamento del Atlántico para el periodo de 2019 - 2020
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Cuentas Regino, Álvaro Jesús
Boíles Romero, Neil Sebastián
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El presente trabajo tiene como propósito analizar la aplicación del régimen de inhabilidades e incompatibilidades en el Departamento del Atlántico durante el periodo comprendido entre 2019 al 2020, partiendo de la premisa de que estas figuras jurídicas fueron diseñadas para proteger la integridad pública, evitar conflictos de interés y garantizar un ejercicio transparente de poder.
En este sentido, se precisa que, aunque la constitución y la ley consagran prohibiciones precisas orientadas a preservar la moralidad administrativa, la distancia entre lo normativo y la realidad institucional muestran que su aplicación es desigual, fragmentada y tardía.
En el caso colombiano, la jurisprudencia constitucional ha señalado que estas figuras deben interpretarse de forma estricta para evitar ampliaciones discrecionales (Corte Constitucional, Sentencia C-200/01). Sin embargo, esta misma exigencia ha generado lecturas divergentes entre autoridades electorales, disciplinarias y judiciales, lo que debilita su función preventiva.
Al respecto, investigaciones académicas y reportes institucionales han señalado que el sistema funciona principalmente como un mecanismo sancionatorio ex post, activándose cuando el daño institucional ya está producido (MOE, 2023). Esta situación se intensifica en territorios con estructuras políticas densas, como los municipios del Atlántico, donde las dinámicas clientelistas, la baja capacidad administrativa y los vacíos en la verificación previa facilitan el acceso al poder a personas con posibles restricciones legales.
This paper tries to analyze the application of the system of disqualifications and incompatibilities in the Department of Atlántico during the period from 2019 to 2020. It’s based on the idea that these legal rules were created to protect public integrity, prevent conflicts of interest, and ensure a transparent exercise of power. In this sense, although the Constitution and the law establish clear prohibitions to protect administrative morality, the gap between the legal rules and institutional reality shows that their application is unequal, fragmented, and delayed. In Colombia, constitutional case law has stated that these rules must be interpreted in a strict way to avoid discretionary extensions (Constitutional Court, Judgment C-200/01). However, this same requirement has produced different interpretations among electoral, disciplinary, and judicial authorities, which weakens their preventive function. Academic studies and institutional reports have pointed out that the system mainly works as a sanction mechanism after the fact, becoming active when institutional damage has already occurred (MOE, 2023). This situation is stronger in territories with dense political structures, such as the municipalities of Atlántico, where clientelist practices, low administrative capacity, and gaps in prior verification make it easier for people with possible legal restrictions to access power.
This paper tries to analyze the application of the system of disqualifications and incompatibilities in the Department of Atlántico during the period from 2019 to 2020. It’s based on the idea that these legal rules were created to protect public integrity, prevent conflicts of interest, and ensure a transparent exercise of power. In this sense, although the Constitution and the law establish clear prohibitions to protect administrative morality, the gap between the legal rules and institutional reality shows that their application is unequal, fragmented, and delayed. In Colombia, constitutional case law has stated that these rules must be interpreted in a strict way to avoid discretionary extensions (Constitutional Court, Judgment C-200/01). However, this same requirement has produced different interpretations among electoral, disciplinary, and judicial authorities, which weakens their preventive function. Academic studies and institutional reports have pointed out that the system mainly works as a sanction mechanism after the fact, becoming active when institutional damage has already occurred (MOE, 2023). This situation is stronger in territories with dense political structures, such as the municipalities of Atlántico, where clientelist practices, low administrative capacity, and gaps in prior verification make it easier for people with possible legal restrictions to access power.
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Palabras clave
Inhabilidades e incompatibilidades, Inseguridad jurídica, Aplicación expost, Moralidad administrativa, Control constitucional, Régimen disciplinario
