Reconocimiento del río pamplonita como sujeto de derecho: implicaciones jurídicas y ambientales para la ciudad de Cúcuta
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Duarte Jiménez, Aland Iuseepi
García Delgado, Jhon Ever
Parra Rolon, Luz Stella
Sepúlveda Blanco, Zorhih Luzbery
Veloza Silva, German Alexis
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La presente investigación analiza la viabilidad jurídica del reconocimiento del río Pamplonita como sujeto de derechos, tomando como referente la Sentencia T-622 de 2016 que declaró al río Atrato como titular de derechos en Colombia. A través de un enfoque cualitativo con diseño hermenéutico y análisis documental, se examinó la evolución normativa y jurisprudencial del derecho ambiental colombiano, identificando el tránsito del antropocentrismo hacia una perspectiva ecocéntrica. El estudio evidenció que existe un marco constitucional y jurisprudencial robusto que respalda este reconocimiento, fundamentado en los artículos 79 y 80 de la Constitución Política de 1991 y en precedentes como las sentencias sobre la Amazonía y el río Cauca. Se identificó que el río Pamplonita atraviesa una grave crisis ambiental debido a contaminación industrial y doméstica, deforestación y gestión institucional deficiente, lo que justifica su protección mediante esta figura jurídica innovadora.
El resultado más relevante fue la confirmación de que el río Pamplonita cumple con los criterios establecidos por la Corte Constitucional para ser reconocido como sujeto de derechos, dada su importancia vital para las comunidades de Cúcuta y Norte de Santander.
Se concluye que, si bien existen bases jurídicas suficientes, la efectividad del reconocimiento dependerá de la implementación de mecanismos de representación como los "guardianes del río", la articulación interinstitucional entre CORPONOR y autoridades locales, y la participación activa de las comunidades en la gobernanza ambiental del ecosistema.
This research analyzes the legal viability of recognizing the Pamplonita River as a subject of rights, taking as a reference the T-622 Sentence of 2016 that declared the Atrato River as a rights holder in Colombia. Through a qualitative approach with hermeneutic design and documentary analysis, the normative and jurisprudential evolution of Colombian environmental law was examined, identifying the transition from anthropocentrism toward an ecocentric perspective. The study revealed that there is a robust constitutional and jurisprudential framework supporting this recognition, based on articles 79 and 80 of the 1991 Political Constitution and precedents such as the rulings on the Amazon and the Cauca River. It was identified that the Pamplonita River is experiencing a severe environmental crisis due to industrial and domestic pollution, deforestation, and deficient institutional management, which justifies its protection through this innovative legal figure. The most relevant result was the confirmation that the Pamplonita River meets the criteria established by the Constitutional Court to be recognized as a subject of rights, given its vital importance for the communities of Cúcuta and Norte de Santander. It is concluded that, although sufficient legal bases exist, the effectiveness of recognition will depend on the implementation of representation mechanisms such as "river guardians," inter-institutional coordination between CORPONOR and local authorities, and the active participation of communities in the environmental governance of the ecosystem.
This research analyzes the legal viability of recognizing the Pamplonita River as a subject of rights, taking as a reference the T-622 Sentence of 2016 that declared the Atrato River as a rights holder in Colombia. Through a qualitative approach with hermeneutic design and documentary analysis, the normative and jurisprudential evolution of Colombian environmental law was examined, identifying the transition from anthropocentrism toward an ecocentric perspective. The study revealed that there is a robust constitutional and jurisprudential framework supporting this recognition, based on articles 79 and 80 of the 1991 Political Constitution and precedents such as the rulings on the Amazon and the Cauca River. It was identified that the Pamplonita River is experiencing a severe environmental crisis due to industrial and domestic pollution, deforestation, and deficient institutional management, which justifies its protection through this innovative legal figure. The most relevant result was the confirmation that the Pamplonita River meets the criteria established by the Constitutional Court to be recognized as a subject of rights, given its vital importance for the communities of Cúcuta and Norte de Santander. It is concluded that, although sufficient legal bases exist, the effectiveness of recognition will depend on the implementation of representation mechanisms such as "river guardians," inter-institutional coordination between CORPONOR and local authorities, and the active participation of communities in the environmental governance of the ecosystem.
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Palabras clave
Derechos, Naturaleza, Río, Ecocentrismo, Justicia ambienta
