Conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos relacionadas con la prevención del pie diabético en pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes en Barranquilla, Atlántico
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2025
Autores
Contreras Salas, Juliany
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Antecedentes: El pie diabético es una complicación de la diabetes que puede tener un
impacto negativo en la calidad de vida de quienes lo padecen. Los conocimientos y
comportamientos de los pacientes definen su prevención.
Objetivo: Establecer los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con la
prevención del pie diabético en pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes en Barranquilla,
Atlántico.
Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo en 200 pacientes con diabetes
mellitus que asisten a la unidad de consulta externa del Programa de Pie Sano de la
Organización Clínica General del Norte. Para identificar los conocimientos, actitudes y
comportamientos de las personas sobre la prevención de pie diabético se aplicó la
encuesta CAP de conocimientos actitudes y practicas sobre pie diabético.
Resultados: El 60% de los pacientes tenía un nivel intermedio de conocimientos sobre
prevención del pie diabético, el 78,5% mostró actitudes favorables, pero solo el 43,5%
presentaba prácticas adecuadas. Los hombres tienen menor probabilidad de tener
buenos conocimientos [OR 0,5 (IC95% 0,26-0,95)], igual los pacientes de estrato bajo
[OR 0,36 (IC95% 0,18-0,70)] y con diabetes tipo 2 [OR 0,20 (IC95% 0,9-0,43)]. La
escolaridad baja se relacionada con una actitud poco saludable [OR 2,45 (IC 95% 1,2-
4,8) p=0,01] y con comportamientos inadecuados [OR 2 (IC 95% 1,1-3,7) p=0,01].
Conclusiones: Las características sociodemográficas se relacionan con la prevención
del pie diabético. Los resultados permiten identificar la atención adecuada a quienes
están en mayor riesgo para el desarrollo de estrategias educativas basadas en el nivel
de conocimiento y actitudes de los pacientes.
Background: Diabetic foot is a complication of diabetes that can negatively impact the quality of life of those who suffer from it. Patients' knowledge and behaviors determine its prevention. Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to diabetic foot prevention in patients diagnosed with diabetes in Barranquilla, Atlántico. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 patients with diabetes mellitus attending the outpatient unit of the Healthy Foot Program at the General Clinical Organization of the North. To assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding diabetic foot prevention, the CAP (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices) survey on diabetic foot was applied. Results: 60% of patients had an intermediate level of knowledge about diabetic foot prevention, 78.5% showed favorable attitudes, but only 43.5% had adequate practices. Men were less likely to have good knowledge [OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.26–0.95)], as were low income patients [OR 0.36 (95% CI 0.18–0.70)] and those with type 2 diabetes [OR 0.20 (95% CI 0.09–0.43)]. Low education was associated with an unhealthy attitude [OR 2.45 (95% CI 1.2–4.8), p=0.01] and inadequate behaviors [OR 2 (95% CI 1.1–3.7), p=0.01]. Conclusions: Sociodemographic characteristics are related to diabetic foot prevention. The results allow us to identify appropriate care for those most at risk by developing educational strategies based on the patients' level of knowledge and attitudes.
Background: Diabetic foot is a complication of diabetes that can negatively impact the quality of life of those who suffer from it. Patients' knowledge and behaviors determine its prevention. Objective: To determine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to diabetic foot prevention in patients diagnosed with diabetes in Barranquilla, Atlántico. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 patients with diabetes mellitus attending the outpatient unit of the Healthy Foot Program at the General Clinical Organization of the North. To assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding diabetic foot prevention, the CAP (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices) survey on diabetic foot was applied. Results: 60% of patients had an intermediate level of knowledge about diabetic foot prevention, 78.5% showed favorable attitudes, but only 43.5% had adequate practices. Men were less likely to have good knowledge [OR 0.5 (95% CI 0.26–0.95)], as were low income patients [OR 0.36 (95% CI 0.18–0.70)] and those with type 2 diabetes [OR 0.20 (95% CI 0.09–0.43)]. Low education was associated with an unhealthy attitude [OR 2.45 (95% CI 1.2–4.8), p=0.01] and inadequate behaviors [OR 2 (95% CI 1.1–3.7), p=0.01]. Conclusions: Sociodemographic characteristics are related to diabetic foot prevention. The results allow us to identify appropriate care for those most at risk by developing educational strategies based on the patients' level of knowledge and attitudes.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Pie diabético, Diabetes mellitus, Conocimiento, Actitudes, Prácticas (DeSC)
