Síndrome de Burnout, calidad de sueño y síntomas osteomusculares en trabajadores de la región Caribe colombiana
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Ávila Trujillo, Lorena Elieth
Molina Camargo, Romario Junior
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivo: Determinar las características de Burnout, los niveles del sueño y los
síntomas osteomusculares en los trabajadores de la Región Caribe Colombiana.
Materiales y Métodos: Esta investigación empleó un enfoque cuantitativo y se
clasificó como un estudio descriptivo transversal, evaluando las características de
Burnout, los niveles de sueño y los síntomas osteomusculares en 67 trabajadores
de diversas empresas del sector salud, una comercializadora de globos y una
empresa de vigilancia y seguridad privada en Barranquilla, Atlántico. Se siguieron
rigurosos principios éticos, garantizando la seguridad y el consentimiento informado
de los participantes. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante un proceso
meticuloso que incluyó el establecimiento de contacto con los trabajadores,
explicación detallada del estudio y garantía de confidencialidad. Se utilizaron tres
instrumentos principales: la Encuesta Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) para medir
el Estrés Laboral, el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (ICSP) para evaluar
los patrones de sueño, y el Cuestionario Nórdico de Kuorinka para identificar
síntomas musculoesqueléticos en nueve regiones corporales específicas. El
procesamiento y análisis de datos se llevó a cabo utilizando el programa estadístico
SPSS versión 25 (bajo licencia de la Universidad Simón Bolívar), incluyendo
estadística descriptiva para determinar frecuencias y porcentajes, así como
estadística inferencial mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado de Pearson para
examinar posibles relaciones entre variables. Los resultados se interpretaron
cuidadosamente y se presentaron de manera clara, realizando procedimientos de
validación y fiabilidad para garantizar la precisión de los hallazgos.
Resultados: La mayoría de los encuestados (31,3%) reportan sentirse
emocionalmente agotados por su trabajo pocas veces al año o menos, con un 70,1%
experimentando agotamiento laboral esporádicamente. Durante el último mes, el
38,8% de los encuestados consideraron bastante buena la calidad de su sueño,
mientras que el 31,3% la calificaron como bastante mala. Un 53,7% reportaron
problemas para conciliar el sueño. La calidad del sueño es mejor en trabajadores
operativos en comparación con los roles administrativos y directivos, quienes tienden
a tener una calidad de sueño regular o mala. Sin embargo, el análisis de chicuadrado (valor de 0,283) indica que no hay una relación significativa entre la calidad
del sueño y el tipo de cargo en la organización. Esto sugiere que, según los datos,
no se puede afirmar que el tipo de cargo influya significativamente en la calidad del
sueño, aunque el tamaño de la muestra podría afectar estos resultados. Las
molestias en el cuello son las más reportadas con un 37,3% en los últimos 12 meses
y un 25,4% presentaron molestias durante los últimos 7 días, ocupando porcentaje
del 62,7% de trabajadores que presentaron molestias osteomusculares en el cuello.
Conclusión: El estudio reveló una fuerte conexión entre el Burnout, los niveles de
sueño y los síntomas osteomusculares en trabajadores del Caribe colombiano.
Datos señalan que el Burnout está vinculado con problemas de sueño, empeorando
los síntomas y limitando la recuperación ante demandas laborales. Los síntomas
físicos se agravan con el ciclo Burnout-Sueño, especialmente en áreas como el
cuello, las muñecas y la zona lumbar. Esto genera un ciclo negativo que afecta la
salud y el rendimiento laboral. Las diferencias en roles laborales también influyen en
estas relaciones, destacando la necesidad de programas de bienestar integrales que
aborden estos aspectos para mejorar la calidad de vida y la productividad laboral.
Objective: Determine the characteristics of Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers in the Colombian Caribbean Region. Materials and Methods: This research used a quantitative approach and was classified as a cross-sectional descriptive study, evaluating the characteristics of Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in 67 workers from various companies in the health sector, a balloon marketer and a company. surveillance and private security in Barranquilla, Atlántico. Rigorous ethical principles were followed, guaranteeing the safety and informed consent of the participants. Data collection was carried out through a meticulous process that included establishing contact with workers, detailed explanation of the study and guarantee of confidentiality. Three main instruments were used: the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to measure Work Stress, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (ICSP) to assess sleep patterns, and the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire to identify musculoskeletal symptoms in nine specific body regions. Data processing and analysis was carried out using the statistical program SPSS version 25 (under license from the Simón Bolívar University), including descriptive statistics to determine frequencies and percentages, as well as inferential statistics using the Pearson chi-square test to determine examine possible relationships between variables. The results were carefully interpreted and presented clearly, with validation and reliability procedures performed to ensure the accuracy of the findings. Results: Most respondents (31.3%) report feeling emotionally exhausted by their job a few times a year or less, with 70.1% experiencing job burnout sporadically. Over the past month, 38.8% of respondents rated their sleep quality as good, while 31.3% rated it as fairly poor. 53.7% reported problems falling asleep. Sleep quality is better in operational workers compared to administrative and managerial roles, who tend to have fair or poor sleep quality. However, the chi-square analysis (value of 0.283) indicates that there is no significant relationship between sleep quality and the type of position in the organization. This suggests that, based on the data, it cannot be said that the type of position significantly influences sleep quality, although the sample size could affect these results. Discomfort in the neck is the most reported with 37.3% in the last 12 months and 25.4% presented discomfort during the last 7 days, occupying a percentage of 62.7% of workers who presented musculoskeletal discomfort in the neck. . Conclusion: The study revealed a strong connection between Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers from the Colombian Caribbean. Data indicates that Burnout is linked to sleep problems, worsening symptoms and limiting recovery from work demands. Physical symptoms are aggravated by the BurnoutSleep cycle, especially in areas such as the neck, wrists, and lower back. This creates a negative cycle that affects health and work performance. Differences in work roles also influence these relationships, highlighting the need for comprehensive wellness programs that address these aspects to improve quality of life and work productivity.
Objective: Determine the characteristics of Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers in the Colombian Caribbean Region. Materials and Methods: This research used a quantitative approach and was classified as a cross-sectional descriptive study, evaluating the characteristics of Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in 67 workers from various companies in the health sector, a balloon marketer and a company. surveillance and private security in Barranquilla, Atlántico. Rigorous ethical principles were followed, guaranteeing the safety and informed consent of the participants. Data collection was carried out through a meticulous process that included establishing contact with workers, detailed explanation of the study and guarantee of confidentiality. Three main instruments were used: the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to measure Work Stress, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (ICSP) to assess sleep patterns, and the Kuorinka Nordic Questionnaire to identify musculoskeletal symptoms in nine specific body regions. Data processing and analysis was carried out using the statistical program SPSS version 25 (under license from the Simón Bolívar University), including descriptive statistics to determine frequencies and percentages, as well as inferential statistics using the Pearson chi-square test to determine examine possible relationships between variables. The results were carefully interpreted and presented clearly, with validation and reliability procedures performed to ensure the accuracy of the findings. Results: Most respondents (31.3%) report feeling emotionally exhausted by their job a few times a year or less, with 70.1% experiencing job burnout sporadically. Over the past month, 38.8% of respondents rated their sleep quality as good, while 31.3% rated it as fairly poor. 53.7% reported problems falling asleep. Sleep quality is better in operational workers compared to administrative and managerial roles, who tend to have fair or poor sleep quality. However, the chi-square analysis (value of 0.283) indicates that there is no significant relationship between sleep quality and the type of position in the organization. This suggests that, based on the data, it cannot be said that the type of position significantly influences sleep quality, although the sample size could affect these results. Discomfort in the neck is the most reported with 37.3% in the last 12 months and 25.4% presented discomfort during the last 7 days, occupying a percentage of 62.7% of workers who presented musculoskeletal discomfort in the neck. . Conclusion: The study revealed a strong connection between Burnout, sleep levels and musculoskeletal symptoms in workers from the Colombian Caribbean. Data indicates that Burnout is linked to sleep problems, worsening symptoms and limiting recovery from work demands. Physical symptoms are aggravated by the BurnoutSleep cycle, especially in areas such as the neck, wrists, and lower back. This creates a negative cycle that affects health and work performance. Differences in work roles also influence these relationships, highlighting the need for comprehensive wellness programs that address these aspects to improve quality of life and work productivity.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Estrés laboral, Trastornos de sueño, Salud laboral, Trabajadores
