Niveles de actividad física y salud mental general en adultos en tiempos de pandemia por covid-19
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Calle Cabarcas, Keren
Escaño Pantoja, Kerent
Jiménez Gamero, Betsy
Lavalle Tette, Marina
Paniza Guerra, Jesmith
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Antecedentes: En el mes de diciembre de 2019, se inició un brote de casos de una neumonía grave en la ciudad de Wuhan, provincia de Hubei en China. La enfermedad, ahora conocida como COVID-19, se extendió rápidamente por todo el mundo, lo que llevó a la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) a declarar el 11 de marzo de 2020 la aparición de una pandemia de COVID-19, invitando a todos los países a tomar medidas y unir esfuerzos para controlar lo que parece ser la
mayor emergencia de salud pública mundial de los tiempos modernos, estas medidas tomadas por los gobiernos para evitar el contagio, generaron alteraciones en la salud mental y la actividad física de la población.
Objetivo: Identificar la relación entre los niveles de actividad física y el estado general de salud mental del adulto en tiempo de pandemia por COVID-19.
Materiales y Métodos: El diseño del estudio es cuantitativo descriptivo transversal. Se estudió una muestra de 135 personas, ciudadanos mayores de 18 años residentes en Barranquilla por medio de una encuesta virtual, se adjuntó el cuestionario de actividad física (IPAQ) y la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés (DASS 21) para explicar el comportamiento de los encuestados en términos de actividad física y salud mental.
Resultados: Se obtuvo como resultado que el 40% de los participantes presentan niveles bajos de actividad física y el 37% alcanzan las recomendaciones de AF; en otra de las muestras se ve en el resultado que el 32,4% de los participantes presentan síntomas depresivos, el 37,8% reportaron síntomas de ansiedad y el 31,9% síntomas de estrés; de la misma manera cabe destacar que entre las personas que presentan altos niveles de actividad física, el 64,2 % no muestra síntomas depresivos, igualmente, el 60,5% sin síntomas de ansiedad y el 63% sin síntomas de estrés.
Conclusiones: Para concluir, se obtuvo un 40% de los participantes presentan niveles bajos de actividad física dejando un 37% que cumplen con las recomendaciones de la AF. De la salud mental inferimos que un porcentaje más alto de los participantes mostraron síntomas de ansiedad. La población de estudio que presenta altos niveles de actividad física no muestra síntomas depresivos, de ansiedad y de estrés.
Background: In the month of December 2019, an outbreak of cases of a severe pneumonia started in Wuhan city, Hubei province in China. The disease, now known as COVID-19, spread rapidly throughout the world, which led the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare on March 11, 2020 the emergence of a COVID-19 pandemic, inviting all countries to take measures and join efforts to control what appears to be the greatest global public health emergency of modern times, these measures taken by governments to prevent contagion, generated alterations in the mental health and physical activity of the population. Objective: To identify the relationship between physical activity levels and overall adult mental health status in time of COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The study design is quantitative descriptive cross- sectional. A sample of 135 people, citizens over 18 years of age residing in Barranquilla was studied by means of a virtual survey, the physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21) were attached to explain the behavior of the respondents in terms of physical activity and mental health. Results: It was obtained as a result that 40% of the participants present low levels of physical activity and 37% reach the PA recommendations; in another of the samples it is seen in the result that 32.4% of the participants present depressive symptoms, 37.8% reported anxiety symptoms and 31.9% stress symptoms; in the same way it is worth noting that among the people who present high levels of physical activity, 64.2% do not show depressive symptoms, likewise, 60.5% without anxiety symptoms and 63% without stress symptoms. Conclusions: To conclude, 40% of the participants had low levels of physical activity, leaving 37% who complied with PA recommendations. From the mental health we inferred that a higher percentage of the participants showed symptoms of anxiety. The study population with high levels of physical activity did not show symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.
Background: In the month of December 2019, an outbreak of cases of a severe pneumonia started in Wuhan city, Hubei province in China. The disease, now known as COVID-19, spread rapidly throughout the world, which led the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare on March 11, 2020 the emergence of a COVID-19 pandemic, inviting all countries to take measures and join efforts to control what appears to be the greatest global public health emergency of modern times, these measures taken by governments to prevent contagion, generated alterations in the mental health and physical activity of the population. Objective: To identify the relationship between physical activity levels and overall adult mental health status in time of COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The study design is quantitative descriptive cross- sectional. A sample of 135 people, citizens over 18 years of age residing in Barranquilla was studied by means of a virtual survey, the physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21) were attached to explain the behavior of the respondents in terms of physical activity and mental health. Results: It was obtained as a result that 40% of the participants present low levels of physical activity and 37% reach the PA recommendations; in another of the samples it is seen in the result that 32.4% of the participants present depressive symptoms, 37.8% reported anxiety symptoms and 31.9% stress symptoms; in the same way it is worth noting that among the people who present high levels of physical activity, 64.2% do not show depressive symptoms, likewise, 60.5% without anxiety symptoms and 63% without stress symptoms. Conclusions: To conclude, 40% of the participants had low levels of physical activity, leaving 37% who complied with PA recommendations. From the mental health we inferred that a higher percentage of the participants showed symptoms of anxiety. The study population with high levels of physical activity did not show symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.
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Palabras clave
Actividad física, Salud mental, Pandemia, COVID-19
