El funcionamiento de la memoria autobiográfica en pacientes con diagnóstico de trastorno depresivo mayor
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Amín López, Michelle Andrea
Ballesteros Benítez, Karina Andrea
Barrios Rodríguez, Valeria Alejandra
Jaramillo Lemus, Karolina
Pedroza Pascuas, Luis Alejandro
Rivero Amorocho, Lina Marcela
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Gran parte de las investigaciones con respecto a la memoria autobiográfica
en relación con el trastorno depresivo mayor datan de hace más de tres décadas. Por
consiguiente, el conocimiento sobre la temática en sí se ha maximizado a lo largo
del tiempo.
Iniciando con Alonso en los años 90, encontramos que su investigación se
centró en la influencia de variables afectivas en el recuerdo autobiográfico. Como
variables de investigación, presentó el estado de ánimo inducido y las instrucciones
de recuerdo. El resultado de la manipulación de ambas variables se concentra en la
observación de una clara interacción entre el estado de ánimo inducido y las
instrucciones de recuerdo sobre la selección o perspectiva de recuerdo.
Por otro lado, Romero Nuria, en el año 2012, buscaba investigar sobre el
recuerdo libre de cinco sucesos personales importantes. Para llevarlo a cabo, planteó
diversos artículos de otros autores, exponiendo las diferentes metodologías para
responder a factores de vulnerabilidad aplicados a memoria autorreferente y
autobiográfica en la depresión mayor. Además, realizó dos estudios relacionados
con la evaluación de muestras de pacientes con (y sin) depresión para analizar
sesgos de recuerdo y los patrones de recuerdo de información autorreferente y
autobiográfica.
Por último, resulta pertinente resaltar la investigación realizada por María
Lolich en el 2014. La autora recalcó la utilidad de investigaciones anteriores, una de
ellas fue el trabajo realizado por Werner-Sleider y Moulds, enfatizando lo estudiado
sobre los recuerdos autobiográficos. En uno de sus estudios, decidieron realizar
pruebas psicológicas evaluando tanto los recuerdos autobiográficos positivos como
negativos, demostrando que los individuos con antecedentes de depresión presentan
recuerdos de valencia positiva menor vívidos.
Much of the research regarding autobiographical memory and depressive disorder dates back more than three decades. Consequently, knowledge about the subject itself has been maximized over time. Starting with Alonso in the nineties, we found that his research focused on the influence of affective variables on autobiographical recall. As research variables, he presented induced mood and recall instructions. The result of the manipulation of both variables is concentrated in the observation of a clear interaction between the induced mood and the recall instructions on the selection or perspective of recall. On the other hand, Romero Nuria, in 2012, investigated the free recall of five important personal events. To carry it out, she exposed several articles by other authors, exposing the different methodologies to respond to vulnerability factors applied to self-referential and autobiographical memory in major depression. In addition, she conducted two studies related to the evaluation of samples from patients with (and without) depression to analyse recall biases and recall patterns of self-referential and autobiographical information. Finally, it is pertinent to highlight the research conducted by María Lolich in 2014. The author emphasized the usefulness of previous research. One of them was done by Werner-Sleider and Moulds, who stressed the significance of studying autobiographical memories. In one of their studies, they decided to perform psychological tests evaluating both positive and negative autobiographical memories, demonstrating that individuals with a history of depression have less positive valence of vivid memories.
Much of the research regarding autobiographical memory and depressive disorder dates back more than three decades. Consequently, knowledge about the subject itself has been maximized over time. Starting with Alonso in the nineties, we found that his research focused on the influence of affective variables on autobiographical recall. As research variables, he presented induced mood and recall instructions. The result of the manipulation of both variables is concentrated in the observation of a clear interaction between the induced mood and the recall instructions on the selection or perspective of recall. On the other hand, Romero Nuria, in 2012, investigated the free recall of five important personal events. To carry it out, she exposed several articles by other authors, exposing the different methodologies to respond to vulnerability factors applied to self-referential and autobiographical memory in major depression. In addition, she conducted two studies related to the evaluation of samples from patients with (and without) depression to analyse recall biases and recall patterns of self-referential and autobiographical information. Finally, it is pertinent to highlight the research conducted by María Lolich in 2014. The author emphasized the usefulness of previous research. One of them was done by Werner-Sleider and Moulds, who stressed the significance of studying autobiographical memories. In one of their studies, they decided to perform psychological tests evaluating both positive and negative autobiographical memories, demonstrating that individuals with a history of depression have less positive valence of vivid memories.
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Palabras clave
Depresión, Trastorno depresivo mayor, Memoria, Memoria autobiográfica, Memoria episódica, Memoria semántica, AMI, Entrevista de memoria autobiográfica, Depression, Major depressive disorder, Memory, Autobiographical memory, Episodic memory, Semantic memory, Autobiographical memory Iterview
