Redes de apoyo como estrategia de afrontamiento en población migrante con vocación de permanencia en el municipio de Villa del Rosario
Cargando...
Fecha
2022
Autores
Garzón Quintero, Nolly Andrea
Jaimes Palencia, Dulayne Milena
Ramírez Jerez, Ana Rosa
Rodríguez Viloria, Daniela
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Antecedentes: Bayona, M. & Bayona, T. (2019) lleva a cabo una investigación, en el contexto fronterizo del Corregimiento La Parada, municipio Villa del Rosario, departamento Norte de Santander; Dando como resultado que dicha población ha sido víctima en múltiples ocasiones bajo variados escenarios. A través de dicho estudio se identificaron acciones o conductas que iban desde la violencia física, verbal y psicológica hasta atentados en contra de la integridad de esta población en particular, no siendo esto suficiente, se identificó el aumento a la normalización dicha situación, sin que hayan entes competentes que se hagan cargo del caso, la investigación nos invita a comprender las dinámicas que hacen que los y las habitantes de la zona fronteriza construyan o reconstruyan la cultura violenta hacia la población migrante procedente de Venezuela. Por su parte nuestra investigación propone un análisis sobre estudios migratorios el cual permite dar cuenta de las valoraciones o percepciones que tienen los y las habitantes de La Parada, así como los imaginarios atávicos que legitiman estas acciones violentas hacia las y los migrantes venezolanos (as), también, se enuncian las reflexiones individuales y colectivas sobre las acciones violentas que se originan hacia la población y que son legitimadas en nuestra región.
Por otra parte, se intenta identificar cuáles son las redes de apoyo que utiliza dicha población como estrategia de afrontamiento, teniendo en cuenta que Achotegui (2006) asegura que la ausencia de una red de apoyo aumenta el estrés provocado por una situación adversa o traumática por tanto en nuestra investigación intenta identificar cuáles son aquellas redes de apoyo con las que cuenta dicha comunidad, como hacen uso de ellas y que beneficios trae consigo su puesta en práctica
Objetivos: El objetivo general de la investigación es comprender las estrategias de afrontamiento de la población migrante que permitan el reconocimiento del uso de redes de apoyo como medida de adaptación social es por lo que se tienen 3 objetivos específicos los cuales son Identificar las estrategias de afrontamiento que utiliza la población migrante como medida de afrontamiento frente al proceso de migración, el segundo objetivo es describir el proceso migratorio vivido por la población migrante y por último explicar de qué manera las redes de apoyo son una estrategia de adaptación social en la población migrante.
Materiales y Métodos: Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa para recolectar datos se realizó a través de un muestreo llamado bola de nieve el cual consiste en que se identifican participantes claves y se agregan a la muestra, se les pregunta si conocen a otras personas que puedan proporcionar más datos o ampliar la información y una vez contactados se incluirán los mismos, gracias a este se aplicaron 3 instrumentos de recolección de información: inicialmente la observación participante que se dio a través de tres situaciones, además se realizó la entrevista semi estructurada compuesta de 8 ítems, y por último un grupo focal compuesto de 10 items. Para esta investigación se focalizaron a los participantes los cuales son 10 mujeres migrantes con vocación de permanencia en el sector de villa del rosario barrio la parada.
Resultados: Se encontró que una de las estrategias de afrontamiento comúnmente utilizada por las participantes frente al proceso de migración, es el uso de la redes de apoyo dirigidas principalmente a la búsqueda de apoyo por parte de familiares y amigos o conocidos connacionales quienes ofrecen recursos que aportan positivamente a la adaptación del inmigrante y a la generación de alternativas de solución ante las dificultades cotidianas en la migración.
Conclusiones: Se concluye con que las principales redes de apoyo a las que acude la población migrante se componen de forma predominante por el mismo grupo familiar y vecinos o amistades con la misma nacionalidad así mismo las estrategias de afrontamiento utilizadas corresponden a la búsqueda de apoyo social, la reevaluación positiva y la confrontación, destacando la resiliencia como el método para afrontar los cambios que impactaron su estabilidad psicológica por lo que la migración fue sin duda un proceso difícil, pero también el escenario para fortalecer la reunificación y los lazos familiares, además de la unión con sus pares “hermanos venezolanos”, la determinación para reconstruir un proyecto de vida, encaminarlo, establecerlo y desarrollarlo es por lo que las redes de apoyo como estrategias de afrontamiento están presentes en el diario vivir de la población migrante, por lo que el proceso de migración genera cambios importantes en todas las esferas del individuo. Son el enlace de inicio en la reestructuración de un nuevo inicio en el proceso de adaptación social.
Background: Bayona, M. & Bayona, T. (2019) carry out an investigation, in the border context of Corregimiento La Parada, Villa del Rosario municipality, Norte de Santander department; Resulting in that said population has been a victim on multiple occasions under various scenarios. Through this study, actions or behaviors were identified that ranged from physical, verbal and psychological violence to attacks against the integrity of this particular population, not being enough, the increase in the normalization of said situation was identified, without There are competent entities that take charge of the case, the investigation invites us to understand the dynamics that make the inhabitants of the border area build or rebuild the violent culture towards the migrant population from Venezuela. For its part, our research proposes an analysis of migratory studies which allows us to account for the assessments or perceptions that the inhabitants of La Parada have, as well as the atavistic imaginaries that legitimize these violent actions towards Venezuelan migrants. Also, the individual and collective reflections on the violent actions that originate towards the population and that are legitimized in our region are enunciated. On the other hand, an attempt is made to identify the support networks that this population uses as a coping strategy, taking into account that Achotegui (2006) assures that the absence of a support network increases the stress caused by an adverse or traumatic situation due to Both in our research, we try to identify what are those support networks that said community has, how they make use of them and what benefits their implementation brings. Objective: The general objective of the research is to understand the coping strategies of the migrant population that allow the recognition of the use of support networks as a measure of social adaptation, which is why there are 3 specific objectives which are to identify the coping strategies used the migrant population as a coping measure against the migration process, the second objective is to describe the migratory process experienced by the migrant population and finally to explain how support networks are a strategy of social adaptation in the migrant population. Materials and Methods: A qualitative methodology was used to collect data, it was carried out through a sampling called snowball which consists of identifying key participants and adding them to the sample, they are asked if they know other people who can provide more data or expand the information and once contacted they will be included, thanks to this 3 information collection instruments were applied: initially the participant observation that occurred through three situations, in addition the semi-structured interview composed of 8 items was carried out, and by last a focus group composed of 10 items. For this research, the participants were focused, which are 10 migrant women with a vocation to stay in the sector of Villa del Rosario, La Parada neighborhood. Results: It is concluded that the main support networks to which the migrant population turns are made up predominantly of the same family group and neighbors or friends with the same nationality, as well as the coping strategies used correspond to the search for social support, the positive reappraisal and confrontation, highlighting resilience as the method to face the changes that impacted their psychological stability, so migration was undoubtedly a difficult process, but also the stage to strengthen reunification and family ties, in addition to union with their peers "Venezuelan brothers", the determination to rebuild a life project, direct it, establish it and develop it is why support networks as coping strategies are present in the daily life of the migrant population, so the process of migration generates important changes in all spheres of the individual. They are the starting link in the restructuring of a new beginning in the process of social adaptation. Conclusions: It is concluded that the main support networks to which the migrant population turns are made up predominantly of the same family group and neighbors or friends with the same nationality, as well as the coping strategies used correspond to the search for social support, the positive reappraisal and confrontation, highlighting resilience as the method to face the changes that impacted their psychological stability, so migration was undoubtedly a difficult process, but also the stage to strengthen reunification and family ties, in addition to union with their peers "Venezuelan brothers", the determination to rebuild a life project, direct it, establish it and develop it is why support networks as coping strategies are present in the daily life of the migrant population, so the process of migration generates important changes in all spheres of the individual. They are the starting link in the restructuring of a new beginning in the process of social adaptation.
Background: Bayona, M. & Bayona, T. (2019) carry out an investigation, in the border context of Corregimiento La Parada, Villa del Rosario municipality, Norte de Santander department; Resulting in that said population has been a victim on multiple occasions under various scenarios. Through this study, actions or behaviors were identified that ranged from physical, verbal and psychological violence to attacks against the integrity of this particular population, not being enough, the increase in the normalization of said situation was identified, without There are competent entities that take charge of the case, the investigation invites us to understand the dynamics that make the inhabitants of the border area build or rebuild the violent culture towards the migrant population from Venezuela. For its part, our research proposes an analysis of migratory studies which allows us to account for the assessments or perceptions that the inhabitants of La Parada have, as well as the atavistic imaginaries that legitimize these violent actions towards Venezuelan migrants. Also, the individual and collective reflections on the violent actions that originate towards the population and that are legitimized in our region are enunciated. On the other hand, an attempt is made to identify the support networks that this population uses as a coping strategy, taking into account that Achotegui (2006) assures that the absence of a support network increases the stress caused by an adverse or traumatic situation due to Both in our research, we try to identify what are those support networks that said community has, how they make use of them and what benefits their implementation brings. Objective: The general objective of the research is to understand the coping strategies of the migrant population that allow the recognition of the use of support networks as a measure of social adaptation, which is why there are 3 specific objectives which are to identify the coping strategies used the migrant population as a coping measure against the migration process, the second objective is to describe the migratory process experienced by the migrant population and finally to explain how support networks are a strategy of social adaptation in the migrant population. Materials and Methods: A qualitative methodology was used to collect data, it was carried out through a sampling called snowball which consists of identifying key participants and adding them to the sample, they are asked if they know other people who can provide more data or expand the information and once contacted they will be included, thanks to this 3 information collection instruments were applied: initially the participant observation that occurred through three situations, in addition the semi-structured interview composed of 8 items was carried out, and by last a focus group composed of 10 items. For this research, the participants were focused, which are 10 migrant women with a vocation to stay in the sector of Villa del Rosario, La Parada neighborhood. Results: It is concluded that the main support networks to which the migrant population turns are made up predominantly of the same family group and neighbors or friends with the same nationality, as well as the coping strategies used correspond to the search for social support, the positive reappraisal and confrontation, highlighting resilience as the method to face the changes that impacted their psychological stability, so migration was undoubtedly a difficult process, but also the stage to strengthen reunification and family ties, in addition to union with their peers "Venezuelan brothers", the determination to rebuild a life project, direct it, establish it and develop it is why support networks as coping strategies are present in the daily life of the migrant population, so the process of migration generates important changes in all spheres of the individual. They are the starting link in the restructuring of a new beginning in the process of social adaptation. Conclusions: It is concluded that the main support networks to which the migrant population turns are made up predominantly of the same family group and neighbors or friends with the same nationality, as well as the coping strategies used correspond to the search for social support, the positive reappraisal and confrontation, highlighting resilience as the method to face the changes that impacted their psychological stability, so migration was undoubtedly a difficult process, but also the stage to strengthen reunification and family ties, in addition to union with their peers "Venezuelan brothers", the determination to rebuild a life project, direct it, establish it and develop it is why support networks as coping strategies are present in the daily life of the migrant population, so the process of migration generates important changes in all spheres of the individual. They are the starting link in the restructuring of a new beginning in the process of social adaptation.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Adaptación social, Estrategias de afrontamiento, Migración, Redes de apoyo, Resiliencia, Social adaptation, Coping strategies, Migration, Support networks, Resilience
