Políticas públicas para el programa de alimentación escolar, en las instituciones educativas en el distrito de Barranquilla, periodo 2022
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Castro Meneses, Erika
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Antes de las crisis alimentaria y financiera de 2008-2009, la comunidad de ayuda al desarrollo consideraba la alimentación escolar principalmente como una herramienta de ayuda alimentaria que permitía aumentarel acceso a la educación. Desde las crisis, sin embargo, ha quedado de manifiestoque los gobiernos consideran estos programas como redes de seguridad que, además de contribuir a la educación, proporcionan apoyo alimentario directo a los niños afectados y a sus familias, en el marco de las políticas nacionales dereducción de la pobreza y el hambre.
El Objetivo general de esta investigación se centra en Analizar los criterios definidos por la Política Pública Nacional para el Programa de Alimentación Escolar en las instituciones educativas del distrito de Barranquilla, periodo 2022, se considera como estrategia de investigación social y no únicamente como una
técnica de recolección y procesamiento de información. De acuerdo con esto, se planteó un análisis documental que privilegió el análisis de contenido, orientado a la
búsqueda del sentido de los estudios de las políticas públicas alimentarias y nutricionales realizados entre los años 2020 y 2021. El diseño metodológico de la
investigación se configuró en tres etapas interrelacionadas entre sí: 1) Construcción del sistema categorial. 2) Búsqueda de información empírica. 3) Sistematización de
la información. Utilizando la metodología planteada , tales como revisión documental y las comunicaciones personales, se realizó un sondeo, a través de revisión documental y comunicaciones personales, acerca del estado actual del Plan Anual de Nutrición-
PAN y del documento de la Política Pública de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional de la ciudad de Barranquilla, y se encontró que existe un grado de avance considerable en el desarrollo del documento de Política Pública, pero que dentro de este, al igual que en el PAN, aún no existe un marco normativo suficiente, que respalde la ejecución efectiva de las estrategias propuestas en el documento de
política pública de seguridad alimentaria de la ciudad de Barranquilla. Teniendo en cuenta el análisis realizado, fue posible encontrar dentro de la documentación revisada, como aspectos más relevantes los siguientes:
1. Dentro de la información evaluada, se pudo identificar que el Subprograma PAN, 2. funciona de manera asistencialista, sin generar capacidades entre las
comunidades, ni empoderamiento dentro de la población beneficiaria del mismo, con lo cual no habrá cambios
significativos en la problemática de inseguridad alimentaria en la ciudad, ni en el desarrollo humano de su población vulnerable, por lo que será muy difícil superar la
situación de pobreza y desempleo en el municipio.
3. tampoco existen mecanismos suficientes que hagan sostenible e integral a través del tiempo el subprograma PAN y sumado a esto, no existe suficiente compromiso y voluntad política para lograrlo, tampoco existen mecanismos correctivos, como normas, mandatos, leyes o resoluciones explícitas para lograr el cabal cumplimiento del mismo y la satisfacción de las necesidades básicas de la población pereirana. 4. no ha sido posible hasta ahora, lograr un empoderamiento de la comunidad hacia el subprograma PAN. Por su parte, teniendo en cuenta el estado de avance de la política pública de seguridad alimentaria y nutricional del municipio, donde se diseñaron un diagnóstico desde cada uno de los componentes del CONPES 113 de 2008, y un plan de acción decenal (2009-2019), que contempla 36 estrategias, con sus respectivos proyectos, objetivos, indicadores, responsables, metas, y fuentes de financiación; se encontró que en la misma no se visualiza, un marco normativo claro y suficiente, que soporte los derechos conexos relacionados con la defensa de la condición de inseguridad alimentaria y que controle de manera legal, la ejecución y el cumplimiento de dichas estrategias en un futuro, una vez esta se someta a aprobación como proyecto de acuerdo, en el Concejo municipal, para lograr su sostenibilidad a través del tiempo. 1. Se identifica claramente la necesidad de una estructura de marco normativo para la ejecución desde su sustentación en el concejo municipal, hasta su cabal
ejecución, una vez aprobada como proyecto de acuerdo en el mismo. Después de analizar las políticas públicas en la ciudad de barranquilla abarcar los diferentes puntos de vista de este proyecto y así mismo obtener resultados basados en la investigación de los mismos notamos que el propósito principal de el PAN es brindar asistencia técnica y promover el desarrollo comunitario en población vulnerable del perímetro urbano. De otro lado, además de apoyar a los sectores que se van a intervenir para mejorar sus condiciones de acceso a los alimentos se busca consolidar unas condiciones de mejoramiento en la calidad de vida organizando empresas asociativas, como cooperativas, para la comercialización de la producción, de modo que este proceso sea sostenible a través del tiempo. Se lanzó en el 2005, con el fin de promover y poner en práctica políticas públicas dirigidas a erradicar el hambre en la región a partir de un trabajo conjunto entre los gobiernos, la sociedad civil y el sector privado. La iniciativa cuenta con el apoyo de los Jefes de Estado de la región y se lleva a cabo por los propios países, con el apoyo de la FAO, ALCSH, se propone situar el hambre en las agendas políticas y económicas de los países latinoamericanos, a partir de considerar la alimentación como un Derecho y del desarrollo de marcos jurídicos apropiados. En estos procesos es imprescindible involucrar todos los actores implicados, sean públicos o privados, de la sociedad civil, medios de comunicación, organismos internacionales y donantes. Esta Iniciativa pone énfasis en las políticas públicas estructurales de medio y largo plazo y en la cooperación entre los países de la región para lograr reducir la desnutrición por debajo del 2.5% en cada uno de los países antes del año 2025.
De acuerdo con el análisis realizado por la FAO periódicamente, para medir el progreso realizado en la reducción del hambre desde el período 1990-92, se ha estimado recientemente el esfuerzo que deben hacer los países para lograr la erradicación del hambre antes del 2025.
Prior to the 2008-2009 food and financial crises, the development aid community viewed school feeding primarily as a food aid tool to increase access to education. Since the crises, however, it has become clear that governments view these programs as safety nets that, in addition to contributing to education, provide direct food support to affected children and their families, within the framework of national nutrition policies. reduction of poverty and hunger. The general objective of this research is focused on analyzing the criteria defined by the National Public Policy for the School Feeding Program in the educational institutions of the district of Barranquilla, period 2022, it is considered as a social research strategy and not only as a research technique. collection and processing of information. In accordance with this, a documentary analysis was proposed that privileged content analysis, aimed at finding the meaning of the studies of public food and nutrition policies carried out between 2020 and 2021. The methodological design of the research was configured in three interrelated stages: 1) Construction of the categorical system. 2) Search for empirical information. 3) Systematization of information. Using the proposed methodology, such as documentary review and personal communications, a survey was carried out, through documentary review and personal communications, about the current status of the Annual Nutrition Plan-PAN and the document of the Public Policy on Food Safety and of the city of Barranquilla, and it was found that there is a considerable degree of progress in the development of the Public Policy document, but that within it, as in the PAN, there is still not a sufficient regulatory framework that supports the effective execution of the strategies proposed in the public policy document on food security of the city of Barranquilla. Taking into account the analysis carried out, it was possible to find within the reviewed documentation, the following as most relevant aspects: 1. Within the information evaluated, it was possible to identify that the PAN Subprogram, 2. It works in a welfare way, without generating capacities among the communities, nor empowerment within the beneficiary population of the same, with which there will be no changes significant in the problem of food insecurity in the city, nor in the human development of its vulnerable population, so it will be very difficult to overcome the situation of poverty and unemployment in the municipality. 3. There are not enough mechanisms to make the PAN subprogram sustainable and comprehensive over time, and added to this, there is not enough commitment and political will to achieve it, nor are there corrective mechanisms, such as norms, mandates, laws or explicit resolutions to achieve the full compliance with it and the satisfaction of the basic needs of the Pereiran population. 4. Until now, it has not been possible to empower the community towards the PAN subprogram. For its part, taking into account the state of progress of the public policy on food and nutrition security of the municipality, where a diagnosis was designed from each of the components of CONPES 113 of 2008, and a ten-year action plan (2009-2019 ), which contemplates 36 strategies, with their respective projects, objectives, indicators, managers, goals, and sources of financing; It was found that it does not display a clear and sufficient regulatory framework that supports the related rights related to the defense of the condition of food insecurity and that legally controls the execution and compliance of said strategies in the future. , once this is submitted for approval as a draft agreement, in the Municipal Council, to achieve its sustainability over time. 1. The need for a regulatory framework structure for execution is clearly identified, from its support in the municipal council, until its full execution, once approved as a draft agreement therein. After analyzing the public policies in the city of Barranquilla, covering the different points of view of this project and also obtaining results based on their research, we noticed that the main purpose of the PAN is to provide technical assistance and promote community development in vulnerable population of the urban perimeter. On the other hand, in addition to supporting the sectors that are going to intervene to improve their conditions of access to food, it seeks to consolidate conditions for improving the quality of life by organizing associative companies, such as cooperatives, for the commercialization of production, so that this process is sustainable over time. It was launched in 2005 with the aim of promoting and putting into practice public policies aimed at eradicating hunger in the region through joint efforts between governments, civil society and the private sector. The initiative has the support of the Heads of State of the region and is carried out by the countries themselves, with the support of FAO, ALCSH, it is proposed to place hunger on the political and economic agendas of Latin American countries, starting from considering food as a Right and from the development of appropriate legal frameworks. In these processes it is essential to involve all the actors involved, whether public or private, from civil society, the media, international organizations and donors. This Initiative emphasizes medium and long-term structural public policies and cooperation between the countries of the region to reduce malnutrition below 2.5% in each of the countries before the year 2025. According to the analysis carried out periodically by FAO, to measure the progress made in the reduction of hunger since the period 1990-92, it has recently been estimated the effort that countries must make to achieve the eradication of hunger before 2025.
Prior to the 2008-2009 food and financial crises, the development aid community viewed school feeding primarily as a food aid tool to increase access to education. Since the crises, however, it has become clear that governments view these programs as safety nets that, in addition to contributing to education, provide direct food support to affected children and their families, within the framework of national nutrition policies. reduction of poverty and hunger. The general objective of this research is focused on analyzing the criteria defined by the National Public Policy for the School Feeding Program in the educational institutions of the district of Barranquilla, period 2022, it is considered as a social research strategy and not only as a research technique. collection and processing of information. In accordance with this, a documentary analysis was proposed that privileged content analysis, aimed at finding the meaning of the studies of public food and nutrition policies carried out between 2020 and 2021. The methodological design of the research was configured in three interrelated stages: 1) Construction of the categorical system. 2) Search for empirical information. 3) Systematization of information. Using the proposed methodology, such as documentary review and personal communications, a survey was carried out, through documentary review and personal communications, about the current status of the Annual Nutrition Plan-PAN and the document of the Public Policy on Food Safety and of the city of Barranquilla, and it was found that there is a considerable degree of progress in the development of the Public Policy document, but that within it, as in the PAN, there is still not a sufficient regulatory framework that supports the effective execution of the strategies proposed in the public policy document on food security of the city of Barranquilla. Taking into account the analysis carried out, it was possible to find within the reviewed documentation, the following as most relevant aspects: 1. Within the information evaluated, it was possible to identify that the PAN Subprogram, 2. It works in a welfare way, without generating capacities among the communities, nor empowerment within the beneficiary population of the same, with which there will be no changes significant in the problem of food insecurity in the city, nor in the human development of its vulnerable population, so it will be very difficult to overcome the situation of poverty and unemployment in the municipality. 3. There are not enough mechanisms to make the PAN subprogram sustainable and comprehensive over time, and added to this, there is not enough commitment and political will to achieve it, nor are there corrective mechanisms, such as norms, mandates, laws or explicit resolutions to achieve the full compliance with it and the satisfaction of the basic needs of the Pereiran population. 4. Until now, it has not been possible to empower the community towards the PAN subprogram. For its part, taking into account the state of progress of the public policy on food and nutrition security of the municipality, where a diagnosis was designed from each of the components of CONPES 113 of 2008, and a ten-year action plan (2009-2019 ), which contemplates 36 strategies, with their respective projects, objectives, indicators, managers, goals, and sources of financing; It was found that it does not display a clear and sufficient regulatory framework that supports the related rights related to the defense of the condition of food insecurity and that legally controls the execution and compliance of said strategies in the future. , once this is submitted for approval as a draft agreement, in the Municipal Council, to achieve its sustainability over time. 1. The need for a regulatory framework structure for execution is clearly identified, from its support in the municipal council, until its full execution, once approved as a draft agreement therein. After analyzing the public policies in the city of Barranquilla, covering the different points of view of this project and also obtaining results based on their research, we noticed that the main purpose of the PAN is to provide technical assistance and promote community development in vulnerable population of the urban perimeter. On the other hand, in addition to supporting the sectors that are going to intervene to improve their conditions of access to food, it seeks to consolidate conditions for improving the quality of life by organizing associative companies, such as cooperatives, for the commercialization of production, so that this process is sustainable over time. It was launched in 2005 with the aim of promoting and putting into practice public policies aimed at eradicating hunger in the region through joint efforts between governments, civil society and the private sector. The initiative has the support of the Heads of State of the region and is carried out by the countries themselves, with the support of FAO, ALCSH, it is proposed to place hunger on the political and economic agendas of Latin American countries, starting from considering food as a Right and from the development of appropriate legal frameworks. In these processes it is essential to involve all the actors involved, whether public or private, from civil society, the media, international organizations and donors. This Initiative emphasizes medium and long-term structural public policies and cooperation between the countries of the region to reduce malnutrition below 2.5% in each of the countries before the year 2025. According to the analysis carried out periodically by FAO, to measure the progress made in the reduction of hunger since the period 1990-92, it has recently been estimated the effort that countries must make to achieve the eradication of hunger before 2025.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Políticas públicas, Programa de alimentación escolar, Instituciones educativas, Public policies, School feeding program, Educational institutions
