La inserción de Pymes del sector textil del departamento del Atlántico en los mercados internacionales
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2022
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Facultad de Administración y Negocios
Resumen
La internacionalización de las pymes es crucial para la diversificación productiva de un país, por ello, desarrollar mejores políticas y herramientas de apoyo a la globalización de estas empresas es un aporte para una economía inclusiva que permita el fortalecimiento del entorno empresarial para abordar un proceso de globalización gradual y exigente. En Colombia, específicamente en el departamento del Atlántico, existe una escasa multiplicidad con los mercados exteriores que penaliza la inserción en las cadenas globales de valor y no favorece el escalamiento en las mismas. A lo largo de los años, el sector de la industria textil ha sido uno de
los más contribuyentes a la economía colombiana, debido al requerimiento enorme de cantidad de mano de obra, pero a pesar de ello, los esfuerzos de las entidades de apoyo orientados a implementar programas y proyectos de desarrollo productivo de la cadena no han sido suficientes. Frente a esta situación, el presente trabajo se propone Analizar el proceso de inserción de las pymes del sector textil del departamento del Atlántico en los mercados internacionales. El estudio tiene por objeto explicar el grado de inserción de las pymes en los mercados internacionales, considerando como unidad de análisis las pymes del sector textil del departamento del Atlántico, tomando como variable dependiente el grado de inserción de estas organizaciones en el mercado internacional, mientras que las variables independientes son la macroeconomía, las políticas económicas, la innovación y desarrollo y el funcionamiento de los mercados internacionales. donde se realizaron entrevistas que permitieran darle validez y confiabilidad a la investigación. Para la recolección de la información se procedió a aplicar un cuestionario cerrado, validado y empleado en estudios similares realizados previamente en otras investigaciones, a una muestra de 10 mipymes asociadas al sector textil. Una vez obtenidas las respuestas se procedió a tabular la información, empleado la herramienta de procesamiento de datos SPSS V.22, para realizar un análisis correlacional de las variables objeto de estudio, los resultados obtenidos evidencian ciertos obstáculos han provocado una disminución en la producción, exportación y generación de empleos en contraste con el aumento de las importaciones, la informalidad y el comercio ilícito, por consiguiente, se ha producido una participación poco activa en el comercio internacional y solo existe un enfoque en el mercado doméstico dado que se presentan una serie de contrariedades tanto internas como externas que no permiten la competitividad.
The internationalization of SMEs is crucial for the productive diversification of a country, therefore, developing better policies and tools to support the globalization of these companies is a contribution to an inclusive economy that allows the strengthening of the business environment to address a gradual and demanding globalization process. In Colombia, specifically in the department of Atlántico, there is little multiplicity with foreign markets that penalizes insertion in global value chains and does not favor scaling in them. Over the years, the textile industry sector has been one of the most contributors to the Colombian economy, due to the enormous requirement of labor, but despite this, the efforts of support entities aimed at implementing programs and projects of productive development of the chain have not been enough. Faced with this situation, this paper aims to analyze the process of insertion of SMEs in the textile sector of the department of Atlántico in international markets. The study aims to explain the degree of insertion of SMEs in international markets, considering as a unit of analysis the SMEs of the textile sector of the department of Atlántico, taking as a dependent variable the degree of insertion of these organizations in the international market, while the independent variables are macroeconomics, economic policies, innovation and development and the functioning of international markets. where interviews were conducted to give validity and reliability to the research. For the collection of information, a closed questionnaire, validated and used in similar studies previously carried out in other investigations, was applied to a sample of 10 MSMEs associated with the textile sector. Once the answers were obtained, the information was tabulated, using the data processing tool SPSS V.22, to perform a correlational analysis of the variables under study, the results obtained show c iertos obstacles have caused a decrease in production, export and generation of jobs in contrast to the increase in imports, Informality and illicit trade, therefore, there has been little active participation in international trade and there is only a focus on the domestic market since there are a series of internal and external setbacks that do not allow competitiveness.
The internationalization of SMEs is crucial for the productive diversification of a country, therefore, developing better policies and tools to support the globalization of these companies is a contribution to an inclusive economy that allows the strengthening of the business environment to address a gradual and demanding globalization process. In Colombia, specifically in the department of Atlántico, there is little multiplicity with foreign markets that penalizes insertion in global value chains and does not favor scaling in them. Over the years, the textile industry sector has been one of the most contributors to the Colombian economy, due to the enormous requirement of labor, but despite this, the efforts of support entities aimed at implementing programs and projects of productive development of the chain have not been enough. Faced with this situation, this paper aims to analyze the process of insertion of SMEs in the textile sector of the department of Atlántico in international markets. The study aims to explain the degree of insertion of SMEs in international markets, considering as a unit of analysis the SMEs of the textile sector of the department of Atlántico, taking as a dependent variable the degree of insertion of these organizations in the international market, while the independent variables are macroeconomics, economic policies, innovation and development and the functioning of international markets. where interviews were conducted to give validity and reliability to the research. For the collection of information, a closed questionnaire, validated and used in similar studies previously carried out in other investigations, was applied to a sample of 10 MSMEs associated with the textile sector. Once the answers were obtained, the information was tabulated, using the data processing tool SPSS V.22, to perform a correlational analysis of the variables under study, the results obtained show c iertos obstacles have caused a decrease in production, export and generation of jobs in contrast to the increase in imports, Informality and illicit trade, therefore, there has been little active participation in international trade and there is only a focus on the domestic market since there are a series of internal and external setbacks that do not allow competitiveness.
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Internacionalización, Pymes, Negocios Internacionales, Internationalization, SMEs, International Business
