Niveles de actividad física en la juventud durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Revisión sistemática
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Rodríguez Ibarra, Yanaisys
Fernández Rodríguez, Jannyleidys
Santana Gutiérrez, Vanessa
Taboada Padilla, Jocelin
Gómez Jaramillo, Luis
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Objetivos: El propósito de esta investigación fue describir los niveles de actividad
física en los jóvenes durante la pandemia por la COVID-19. Materiales y Métodos:
Se realizó una Revisión Sistemática de estudios de tipo observacional en la
población de adultos jóvenes entre 18 y 29 años. Para la búsqueda de la literatura
científica se plateó la siguiente pregunta PICO: ¿Cuáles fueron los niveles de
actividad física en jóvenes durante la pandemia? Las bases de datos utilizadas
fueron: Scopus, WOS, Sciencie Direct, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scielo y Pubmed;
y los términos claves fueron: Ejercicio", Adulto joven”, “Factores epidemiológicos",
"COVID-19","Comportamiento sedentario". Los artículos revisados fueron de corte
transversal, cohortes, casos y controles; en los idiomas inglés, portugués y español.
Para evaluar la calidad de los artículos se realizó un análisis crítico con la
lista de chequeo STROBE. Resultados: Se revisaron 100 artículos y de estos
se incluyeron en la revisión 29 artículos. De esta revisión se observa que la
frecuencia de práctica de actividad física en los jóvenes durante la pandemia
disminuyó, los porcentajes oscilan entre 2,5% y el 8,8% activos y el 60% inactivos.
La mayoría de los estudios analizaron que durante el pico de la pandemia los niveles
de inactividad física aumentaron y las personas durante el confinamiento fueron más
sedentarias. Esta revisión demostró que los determinantes individuales de las
prácticas de actividad física fueron los sociodemográficos. Conclusiones: La
pandemia generada por la COVID-19 afectó a gran parte de la población mundial
durante aproximadamente dos años e impidió a muchas personas llevar un estilo
de vida saludable, además, contribuyó a dejar de lado aspectos relacionados con la
buena alimentación, la actividad física y el bienestar emocional. Finalmente se pudo
establecer mediante los distintos estudios analizados que los niveles de actividad
física en los jóvenes durante este periodo tuvieron una disminución, Los autores
confirmaron que las personas debido a los cambios en distintos aspectos de la
vida cotidiana desde las relaciones sociales hasta la educación e inclusive el sexo,
durante el confinamiento fueron inactivas físicamente y sedentarias.
Objectives: The purpose of this research was to describe the levels of physical activity in young people during the COVID 19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A Systematic Review of observational studies was carried out in the population of young adults between 18 and 29 years of age. For the search of the scientific literature, the following PICO question was raised: What were the levels of physical activity in young people during the pandemic? The databases used were: Scopus, WOS, Science Direct, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scielo, and Pubmed; and the key terms Exercise", Young adult", "Epidemiological factors", "COVID-19","Sedentary behavior". The reviewed articles were cross-sectional, cohort, case and control; in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages. To assess the quality of the articles, a critical analysis was performed using the STROBE checklist. Results: 100 articles were reviewed and 29 articles were included in the review. From this review it can be seen that the frequency of physical activity among young people decreased during the pandemic, the percentages range from 2.5% to 8.8% active and 60% inactive. Most of the studies analyzed that during the peak of the pandemic, levels of physical inactivity increased and people during confinement were more sedentary. This review demonstrated that the individual determinants of physical activity practices were sociodemographic. Conclusions: The pandemic generated by COVID 19 affected a large part of the world population for approximately two years and prevented many people from leading a healthy lifestyle, in addition, it contributed to leaving aside aspects related to good nutrition, physical activity and emotional well-being. Finally, it was possible to establish through the different studies analyzed that the levels of physical activity in young people during this period had a decrease. The authors confirmed that people due to changes in different aspects of daily life from social relationships to education and including sex, during confinement they were physically inactive and sedentary.
Objectives: The purpose of this research was to describe the levels of physical activity in young people during the COVID 19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: A Systematic Review of observational studies was carried out in the population of young adults between 18 and 29 years of age. For the search of the scientific literature, the following PICO question was raised: What were the levels of physical activity in young people during the pandemic? The databases used were: Scopus, WOS, Science Direct, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Scielo, and Pubmed; and the key terms Exercise", Young adult", "Epidemiological factors", "COVID-19","Sedentary behavior". The reviewed articles were cross-sectional, cohort, case and control; in English, Portuguese and Spanish languages. To assess the quality of the articles, a critical analysis was performed using the STROBE checklist. Results: 100 articles were reviewed and 29 articles were included in the review. From this review it can be seen that the frequency of physical activity among young people decreased during the pandemic, the percentages range from 2.5% to 8.8% active and 60% inactive. Most of the studies analyzed that during the peak of the pandemic, levels of physical inactivity increased and people during confinement were more sedentary. This review demonstrated that the individual determinants of physical activity practices were sociodemographic. Conclusions: The pandemic generated by COVID 19 affected a large part of the world population for approximately two years and prevented many people from leading a healthy lifestyle, in addition, it contributed to leaving aside aspects related to good nutrition, physical activity and emotional well-being. Finally, it was possible to establish through the different studies analyzed that the levels of physical activity in young people during this period had a decrease. The authors confirmed that people due to changes in different aspects of daily life from social relationships to education and including sex, during confinement they were physically inactive and sedentary.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Sedentarismo, Jóvenes, Covid-19, Actividad física, Ejercicio físico
