Salud mental y obesidad una pandemia silenciosa
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Acuña Sanabria, Juan Carlos
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Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La obesidad se asocia directamente a malos hábitos de vida, desde un concepto biológico, son
relevantes variables como calorías consumidas día- gasto energético- patologías hipo metabólicas
y otros. Desde esa visión podemos inferir; que se deja de lado el abordaje integral del individuo,
se excluyen dimensiones psicoemocional y sociocultural (altos índices de estrés crónicodesregulación emocional mediada por el entorno) factores que intervienen de forma directa en el
aumento del cortisol y resistencia a la insulina (mediadores inflamatorios) esa misma visión
determina que la conducta impulsiva, minimiza la capacidad del consumo consciente de alimentos.
Para la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), desde el año 1975 la obesidad se ha triplicado,
es aquí donde toma relevancia la intervención del psicólogo en mejora de la salud mental y la
regulación de los procesos emocionales. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, el objetivo de esta revisión
sistemática es describir factores relacionados entre salud mental/obesidad, con un criterio
metodológico conocido como PRISMA, quien permite después de revisar 486 artículos, filtrar de
forma precisa 10 artículos que se relación directamente con el objetivo mencionado. El termino
salud depende de un completo bienestar biológico- psicoemocional y socio cultural, la prevención
de la enfermedad (sobrepeso/obesidad) y la promoción de estilos de vida saludables, amerita la
complementación disciplinar en diferentes áreas del conocimiento. Cifras de 37,7% (sobrepeso) y
18,8 % (obesidad) en personas entre 18- 64 años, sugieren un gasto importante en salud pública y
un riesgo aún mayor a comorbilidades asociadas a la pandemia por obesidad.
Obesity is directly associated with bad lifestyle habits, from a biological concept, variables such as calories consumed per day, energy expenditure, hypometabolic pathologies and others are relevant. From that view we can infer; Psycho-emotional and sociocultural dimensions are excluded (high rates of chronic stress-environment-mediated emotional dysregulation), factors that directly intervene in the increase in cortisol and insulin resistance (inflammatory mediators), this same view determines that impulsive behavior minimizes the capacity for conscious food consumption. For the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has tripled since 1975, and this is where the intervention of the psychologist becomes relevant in improving mental health and the regulation of emotional processes. Taking into account the above, the objective of this systematic review is to describe factors related to mental health/obesity, with a methodological criterion known as PRISMA, which allows, after reviewing 486 articles, to accurately filter 10 articles that are directly related to the aforementioned objective. The term health depends on a complete biological-psycho-emotional and socio-cultural well-being, the prevention of disease (overweight/obesity) and the promotion of healthy lifestyles, merits disciplinary complementation in different areas of knowledge. Figures of 37.7% (overweight) and 18.8% (obesity) in people between 18-64 years of age, suggest a significant expenditure on public health and an even greater risk of comorbidities associated with the obesity pandemic.
Obesity is directly associated with bad lifestyle habits, from a biological concept, variables such as calories consumed per day, energy expenditure, hypometabolic pathologies and others are relevant. From that view we can infer; Psycho-emotional and sociocultural dimensions are excluded (high rates of chronic stress-environment-mediated emotional dysregulation), factors that directly intervene in the increase in cortisol and insulin resistance (inflammatory mediators), this same view determines that impulsive behavior minimizes the capacity for conscious food consumption. For the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity has tripled since 1975, and this is where the intervention of the psychologist becomes relevant in improving mental health and the regulation of emotional processes. Taking into account the above, the objective of this systematic review is to describe factors related to mental health/obesity, with a methodological criterion known as PRISMA, which allows, after reviewing 486 articles, to accurately filter 10 articles that are directly related to the aforementioned objective. The term health depends on a complete biological-psycho-emotional and socio-cultural well-being, the prevention of disease (overweight/obesity) and the promotion of healthy lifestyles, merits disciplinary complementation in different areas of knowledge. Figures of 37.7% (overweight) and 18.8% (obesity) in people between 18-64 years of age, suggest a significant expenditure on public health and an even greater risk of comorbidities associated with the obesity pandemic.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Obesidad – Salud Mental, Desregulación emocional, Estrés crónico, Ansiedad, Depresión, Obesity – Mental Health, Emotional dysregulation, Chronic stress, Anxiety, Depression