Bullying en los adolescentes: un estudio sobre la influencia de las dinámicas familiares y de los pares en las prácticas de bullying
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Mora Vallejo, Yisley Zharick
Rodriguez Cañas, Milton
Valencia Buitrago, Andry Milena
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El proyecto de investigación titulado “Bullying en los adolescentes: un estudio sobre la influencia de las dinámicas familiares y de los pares” analiza cómo los entornos familiares y sociales inciden en las prácticas de acoso escolar en estudiantes de grado 10° del Colegio San José de Cúcuta. A partir de un enfoque cualitativo y bajo el paradigma histórico-hermenéutico, se aplicó un estudio de caso mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a estudiantes, padres y docentes, buscando interpretar las experiencias vividas alrededor del bullying.
En este sentido, se encontró que la presión grupal, el deseo de aceptación y la indiferencia de los testigos son factores determinantes en la perpetuación del fenómeno, mientras que dinámicas familiares conflictivos, caracterizadas por violencia o falta de afecto, también aumentan la probabilidad de su aparición. Además, el análisis teórico, apoyado en autores como Olweus, Erikson y Ruiz, y en la normativa colombiana vigente, permitió comprender que el bullying es un problema social complejo que no puede abordarse únicamente desde la perspectiva individual, sino que requiere estrategias integrales que transformen las relaciones entre pares y fortalezcan los vínculos familiares. Por tanto, el estudio concluye que es fundamental promover entornos escolares y familiares basados en el respeto, la inclusión y el apoyo emocional, con el fin de prevenir las consecuencias devastadoras que el acoso puede tener en la salud mental, el desarrollo social y el bienestar de los adolescentes.
The research project entitled "Bullying in Adolescents: A Study on the Influence of Family and Peer Dynamics" analyzes how family and social environments influence bullying practices among 10th-grade students at Colegio San José de Cúcuta. Using a qualitative approach and a historical-hermeneutic paradigm, a case study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with students, parents, and teachers, seeking to interpret their experiences surrounding bullying. In this regard, it was found that peer pressure, the desire for acceptance, and the indifference of bystanders are determining factors in the perpetuation of the phenomenon, while conflictive family dynamics, characterized by violence or lack of affection, also increase the likelihood of its occurrence. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis, supported by authors such as Olweus, Erikson, and Ruiz, and by current Colombian regulations, allowed us to understand that bullying is a complex social problem that cannot be addressed solely from an individual perspective, but rather requires comprehensive strategies that transform peer relationships and strengthen family ties. Therefore, the study concludes that it is essential to promote school and family environments based on respect, inclusion, and emotional support in order to prevent the devastating consequences that bullying can have on adolescents' mental health, social development, and well-being.
The research project entitled "Bullying in Adolescents: A Study on the Influence of Family and Peer Dynamics" analyzes how family and social environments influence bullying practices among 10th-grade students at Colegio San José de Cúcuta. Using a qualitative approach and a historical-hermeneutic paradigm, a case study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with students, parents, and teachers, seeking to interpret their experiences surrounding bullying. In this regard, it was found that peer pressure, the desire for acceptance, and the indifference of bystanders are determining factors in the perpetuation of the phenomenon, while conflictive family dynamics, characterized by violence or lack of affection, also increase the likelihood of its occurrence. Furthermore, the theoretical analysis, supported by authors such as Olweus, Erikson, and Ruiz, and by current Colombian regulations, allowed us to understand that bullying is a complex social problem that cannot be addressed solely from an individual perspective, but rather requires comprehensive strategies that transform peer relationships and strengthen family ties. Therefore, the study concludes that it is essential to promote school and family environments based on respect, inclusion, and emotional support in order to prevent the devastating consequences that bullying can have on adolescents' mental health, social development, and well-being.
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Palabras clave
Bullying, Familia, Adolescentes
