Relaciones interpersonales en consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas
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2022
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Antecedentes
Algunos de los estudios que fueron estudiados, analizados y utilizados como respaldo para contrastar los resultados obtenidos junto con la validez teórica, los cuales permitirán tener mejor claridad acerca de las áreas y características de mayor afectación en los consumidores.
Iniciando a partir de las investigaciones internacionales, Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de magisterio y sus creencias acerca de la educación preventiva, la investigación tiene como objetivo conocer los hábitos de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas de los estudiantes de los maestros en formación inicial, su metodología es deductiva, realizaron técnicas de observación directa, participante, encuestas de tipo cerrado y abierto. Este antecedente aporta al presente proyecto de investigación alternativas para conocer la situación de los estudiantes y el manejo cuantitativo, cualitativo y el tipo de técnicas utilizada a la hora de recoger la información obtenida.
Siguiendo con las investigaciones nacionales, Factores familiares de riesgo de consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en estudiantes de una institución de educación media técnica de Colombia en el departamento de Tolima, esta investigación es importante para conocer las diferentes causalidades sobre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas legales e ilegales, así mismo, nos encontramos con resultados, donde se logra evidenciar un uso excesivo de SPA, notando resultados negativos, como lo son, la baja autoestima, déficit en habilidades sociales y relaciones interpersonales. La metodología fue por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada a partir de historia de vida, brinda información valiosa y única, donde la experiencia de la persona objeto de estudio y la escucha por parte del investigador se convierten en una riqueza invaluable, por esta razón se tomó este instrumento para desarrollar las diferentes fases de la investigación.
Por último, la investigación Regional, Causas del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en los y las jóvenes víctimas del conflicto armado residentes en la ciudadela los Estoraques de la ciudad de Cúcuta, esta investigación analiza las causas del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, se buscó identificar agentes cognitivos-conductuales, y aspectos relacionados desde algunos ámbitos. que influyen en la población objeto para llegar al consumo de las sustancias psicoactivas. Como técnicas se utilizó la entrevista, grupo focal y cartografía social lo cual permitió comprender las causas del fenómeno el elemento afectivo como factor de mayor influencia
Objetivos
En esta investigación se tiene como objetivo, analizar las relaciones interpersonales en consumidores de sustancias psicoactivas, del cual deriva el objetivo específico, determinar los factores familiares, íntimas, circunstanciales y superficiales que influyen consumo de sustancias psicoactivas sobre las relaciones personales
Materiales y Métodos
En el presente apartado se especifican cada uno de los enfoques y elementos esenciales para complementar el proyecto de investigación; el paradigma de investigación utilizado en esta investigación, basará sus estudios bajo el paradigma etnográfico, con el fin de realizar un estudio de las interacciones humanas a través de la participación directa y la observación. El enfoque de investigación está orientado de manera cualitativa no experimental, la cual permite hacer un abordaje general, referente a la evolución de los acontecimientos, de este modo el diseño se va ajustando a las condiciones del escenario. El diseño de investigación. es un diseño transaccional, para así centrarnos en analizar cuál es el nivel o estado de las variables en un momento dado, como en este caso, el tipo de relaciones que la persona tiene estructuradas y el nivel de afectación. La población y muestra para el presente estudio se realizó en el Centro de Atención Integral para la Población Habitante de Calle del Municipio de San José de Cúcuta, la cual está conformada por una población finita, compuesta por 5 voluntarios. Las técnicas e instrumentos que se utilizaron en esta investigación fue por medio de una entrevista semiestructurada, preguntas orientadas hacia las conductas y pensamientos que el participante tenga actualmente, además de las relaciones personales ya establecidas en el sujeto.
Resultados
Se logró determinar cómo cada integrante familiar, puede influir de forma directa en la toma de decisiones de los demás miembros que componen el hogar, ya sea de forma positiva o negativa, por ejemplo, los comportamiento del padre o madre determinaran directamente en la conducta de un hijo; la forma de proceder generará respuestas similares en el infante, ya que su único patrón de vivencias se encuentra en los adultos quienes rodea, dicho de otra forma, si el padre o madre se caracteriza por ser hostil, eso ofrecerán los hijos con sus semejantes, caso similar se presentaría si una madre o padre ingiere alcohol o consume drogas, podría esperarse así, una réplica de las conductas realizadas.
Así mismo cabe precisar, como las drogas han causado en los consumidores problemáticas a considerar con sus relaciones interpersonales, cada participe de la investigación señala como ellos han fortalecido de manera indirecta acciones relacionados al rechazo o la evitación sufrida, debido al consumo activo de drogas; se logra evidenciar afirmaciones en común, acerca de la manera y el nivel de afectación, con los conflictos originados y generados, sobre todo con aquellas personas situadas como importantes. Lo anterior nos permite entrar en consideraciones acerca de, como el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas tiene la capacidad de afectar las relaciones interpersonales, por lo cual no solo genera malestar en la salud, sino derrumba el núcleo familiar y afecta contextos laborales, sociales o escolares del consumidor.
Conclusiones
Fue posible analizar las relaciones interpersonales en consumidores de Sustancias Psicoactivas, del cual se pudo reconocer las diferentes maneras en cómo los consumidores activos logran relacionarse en los diferentes escenarios y ámbitos sociales en la que estos se desenvuelven y la forma en como se vieron afectados por el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Además, se logró determinar los factores familiares, íntimas, circunstanciales y superficiales que influían sobre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, pues sus situaciones vivenciales relacionadas con los vínculos sociales y familiares se caracterizan por dificultades en la comunicación asertiva, carencia en las estrategias de afrontamiento de problemas, la adquisición de conductas y pensamientos no favorables que sigue leyes del condicionamiento clásico, operante y aprendizaje social.
Background Some of the studies that were studied, analyzed and used as support to contrast the results obtained along with the theoretical validity, which will allow to have better clarity about the areas and characteristics of greater affectation in the consumers. Starting from international research, Consumption of psychoactive substances in student teachers and their beliefs about preventive education, the research aims to know the habits of consumption of psychoactive substances of students of teachers in initial training, its methodology is deductive, performed direct observation techniques, participant, closed and open type surveys. This background provides the present research project with alternatives to know the situation of the students and the quantitative and qualitative management and the type of techniques used at the time of collecting the information obtained. Continuing with national research, Family risk factors of psychoactive substance use in students of a technical high school in Colombia in the department of Tolima, this research is important to know the different causalities on the consumption of legal and illegal psychoactive substances, likewise, we found results, where it is possible to evidence an excessive use of PAS, noting negative results, such as low self-esteem, deficits in social skills and interpersonal relationships. The methodology was through a semi-structured interview based on life history, which provides valuable and unique information, where the experience of the person under study and the researcher's listening become an invaluable wealth, for this reason this instrument was used to develop the different phases of the research. Finally, the Regional research, Causes of the consumption of psychoactive substances in young victims of the armed conflict residing in the Los Estoraques neighborhood in the city of Cúcuta, this research analyzes the causes of the consumption of psychoactive substances, it sought to identify cognitive-behavioral agents, and related aspects from some areas that influence the target population to reach the consumption of psychoactive substances. Interviews, focus groups and social mapping were used as techniques to understand the causes of the phenomenon and the affective element as the most influential factor. Objectives The objective of this research is to analyze interpersonal relationships in consumers of psychoactive substances, from which the specific objective is derived, to determine the family, intimate, circumstantial and superficial factors that influence the consumption of psychoactive substances on personal relationships. Materials and Methods This section specifies each of the approaches and essential elements to complement the research project; the research paradigm used in this research will base its studies under the ethnographic paradigm, in order to carry out a study of human interactions through direct participation and observation. The research approach is oriented in a non-experimental qualitative way, which allows a general approach, referring to the evolution of events, thus the design is adjusted to the conditions of the scenario. The research design is a transactional design, in order to focus on analyzing the level or state of the variables at a given moment, as in this case, the type of relationships that the person has structured and the level of affectation. The population and sample for the present study was carried out in the Comprehensive Care Center for the Homeless Population of the Municipality of San José de Cúcuta, which is made up of a finite population, composed of 5 volunteers. The techniques and instruments used in this research were a semi-structured interview, questions oriented towards the behaviors and thoughts that the participant currently has, in addition to the personal relationships already established in the subject. Results It was possible to determine how each family member can directly influence the decision making of the other members of the household, either positively or negatively, for example, the behavior of the father or mother will directly determine the behavior of a child; The way of proceeding will generate similar responses in the infant, since its only pattern of experiences is found in the adults who surrounds, in other words, if the father or mother is characterized by being hostile, that will offer the children with their peers, similar case would be presented if a mother or father drinks alcohol or takes drugs, could be expected thus, a replica of the behaviors performed. Each participant in the research indicates how they have indirectly strengthened actions related to the rejection or avoidance suffered, due to active drug use; it is possible to evidence common statements about the manner and level of affectation, with the conflicts originated and generated, especially with those people considered important. The above allows us to enter into considerations about how the consumption of psychoactive substances has the capacity to affect interpersonal relationships, which not only generates discomfort in health, but also collapses the family nucleus and affects work, social or school contexts of the consumer. Conclusions It was possible to analyze interpersonal relationships in users of psychoactive substances, from which it was possible to recognize the different ways in which active users manage to relate in the different scenarios and social environments in which they develop and the way in which they were affected by the consumption of psychoactive substances. In addition, it was possible to determine the family, intimate, circumstantial and superficial factors that influenced the consumption of psychoactive substances, since their living situations related to social and family ties are characterized by difficulties in assertive communication, lack of coping strategies, the acquisition of unfavorable behaviors and thoughts that follow the laws of classical and operant conditioning and social learning.
Background Some of the studies that were studied, analyzed and used as support to contrast the results obtained along with the theoretical validity, which will allow to have better clarity about the areas and characteristics of greater affectation in the consumers. Starting from international research, Consumption of psychoactive substances in student teachers and their beliefs about preventive education, the research aims to know the habits of consumption of psychoactive substances of students of teachers in initial training, its methodology is deductive, performed direct observation techniques, participant, closed and open type surveys. This background provides the present research project with alternatives to know the situation of the students and the quantitative and qualitative management and the type of techniques used at the time of collecting the information obtained. Continuing with national research, Family risk factors of psychoactive substance use in students of a technical high school in Colombia in the department of Tolima, this research is important to know the different causalities on the consumption of legal and illegal psychoactive substances, likewise, we found results, where it is possible to evidence an excessive use of PAS, noting negative results, such as low self-esteem, deficits in social skills and interpersonal relationships. The methodology was through a semi-structured interview based on life history, which provides valuable and unique information, where the experience of the person under study and the researcher's listening become an invaluable wealth, for this reason this instrument was used to develop the different phases of the research. Finally, the Regional research, Causes of the consumption of psychoactive substances in young victims of the armed conflict residing in the Los Estoraques neighborhood in the city of Cúcuta, this research analyzes the causes of the consumption of psychoactive substances, it sought to identify cognitive-behavioral agents, and related aspects from some areas that influence the target population to reach the consumption of psychoactive substances. Interviews, focus groups and social mapping were used as techniques to understand the causes of the phenomenon and the affective element as the most influential factor. Objectives The objective of this research is to analyze interpersonal relationships in consumers of psychoactive substances, from which the specific objective is derived, to determine the family, intimate, circumstantial and superficial factors that influence the consumption of psychoactive substances on personal relationships. Materials and Methods This section specifies each of the approaches and essential elements to complement the research project; the research paradigm used in this research will base its studies under the ethnographic paradigm, in order to carry out a study of human interactions through direct participation and observation. The research approach is oriented in a non-experimental qualitative way, which allows a general approach, referring to the evolution of events, thus the design is adjusted to the conditions of the scenario. The research design is a transactional design, in order to focus on analyzing the level or state of the variables at a given moment, as in this case, the type of relationships that the person has structured and the level of affectation. The population and sample for the present study was carried out in the Comprehensive Care Center for the Homeless Population of the Municipality of San José de Cúcuta, which is made up of a finite population, composed of 5 volunteers. The techniques and instruments used in this research were a semi-structured interview, questions oriented towards the behaviors and thoughts that the participant currently has, in addition to the personal relationships already established in the subject. Results It was possible to determine how each family member can directly influence the decision making of the other members of the household, either positively or negatively, for example, the behavior of the father or mother will directly determine the behavior of a child; The way of proceeding will generate similar responses in the infant, since its only pattern of experiences is found in the adults who surrounds, in other words, if the father or mother is characterized by being hostile, that will offer the children with their peers, similar case would be presented if a mother or father drinks alcohol or takes drugs, could be expected thus, a replica of the behaviors performed. Each participant in the research indicates how they have indirectly strengthened actions related to the rejection or avoidance suffered, due to active drug use; it is possible to evidence common statements about the manner and level of affectation, with the conflicts originated and generated, especially with those people considered important. The above allows us to enter into considerations about how the consumption of psychoactive substances has the capacity to affect interpersonal relationships, which not only generates discomfort in health, but also collapses the family nucleus and affects work, social or school contexts of the consumer. Conclusions It was possible to analyze interpersonal relationships in users of psychoactive substances, from which it was possible to recognize the different ways in which active users manage to relate in the different scenarios and social environments in which they develop and the way in which they were affected by the consumption of psychoactive substances. In addition, it was possible to determine the family, intimate, circumstantial and superficial factors that influenced the consumption of psychoactive substances, since their living situations related to social and family ties are characterized by difficulties in assertive communication, lack of coping strategies, the acquisition of unfavorable behaviors and thoughts that follow the laws of classical and operant conditioning and social learning.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Relaciones interpersonales, Sustancias psicoactivas, Consumo, Familia, Intimas, Circunstancial, Interpersonal relationships, Psychoactive substances, Consumption, Family, Intimate, Circumstantial
