Funcionamiento de teoría de la mente en pacientes sospechosos de enfermedad de Huntington
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Fecha
2022
Autores
Lesmes Vincos, Paula Andrea
Riquett Cabarca, Karolay Julieth
Sarmiento Duran, Laura Andrea
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Introducción: Este estudio investiga el funcionamiento de la Teoría de la Mente (ToM) en individuos sospechosos de tener la enfermedad de Huntington (EH), un trastorno genético caracterizado por trastornos del movimiento, deterioro cognitivo y síntomas psiquiátricos. La EH es causada por una expansión inestable de la repetición trinucleotídica CAG en el gen HTT. La degeneración de las células cerebrales, especialmente en el cuerpo estriado, conduce a una progresiva disminución en la regulación cognitiva y emocional, afectando las interacciones y relaciones sociales.
Método: El estudio empleó un enfoque cuantitativo empírico-analítico, involucrando a 113 participantes mayores de 40 años. Fueron divididos en dos grupos: 55 en el grupo control sin vínculo familiar con EH, y 58 sospechosos de EH debido a antecedentes familiares. Se utilizaron el "Test de la Mirada" y la "Hinting Task" para evaluar la ToM. Los datos fueron analizados usando estadísticas descriptivas y comparativas con el software SPSS, empleando Chi-Cuadrado, pruebas T y U de Mann-Whitney para muestras independientes.
Resultados: Se observaron diferencias significativas en el desempeño de las tareas de ToM entre los grupos. El grupo control superó al grupo sospechoso de EH tanto en el "Test de la Mirada" como en la "Hinting Task". El grupo control mostró mejor juicio social y capacidad para inferir estados mentales complejos, mientras que el grupo sospechoso de EH mostró deficiencias en estas áreas. Estas diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas, con valores p menores a 0.01.
Introduction: This study investigates the functioning of Theory of Mind (ToM) in individuals suspected of having Huntington's disease (HD), a genetic disorder characterized by movement disorders, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms. HD is caused by an unstable expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene. The degeneration of brain cells, especially in the striatum, leads to progressive cognitive and emotional regulation impairments, affecting social interactions and relationships. Method: The study employed a quantitative empirical-analytical approach, involving 113 participants over 40 years old. They were divided into two groups: 55 in the control group with no familial HD link, and 58 suspected of HD due to family history. The study used the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test and the "Hinting Task" to evaluate ToM. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics with SPSS software, employing Chi-Square, T-tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests for independent samples. Results: Significant differences in ToM task performance were observed between the groups. The control group outperformed the suspected HD group in both the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test and the "Hinting Task". The control group displayed better social judgment and ability to infer complex mental states, while the suspected HD group showed deficiencies in these areas. These differences were statistically significant, with p-values less than 0.01.
Introduction: This study investigates the functioning of Theory of Mind (ToM) in individuals suspected of having Huntington's disease (HD), a genetic disorder characterized by movement disorders, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms. HD is caused by an unstable expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene. The degeneration of brain cells, especially in the striatum, leads to progressive cognitive and emotional regulation impairments, affecting social interactions and relationships. Method: The study employed a quantitative empirical-analytical approach, involving 113 participants over 40 years old. They were divided into two groups: 55 in the control group with no familial HD link, and 58 suspected of HD due to family history. The study used the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test and the "Hinting Task" to evaluate ToM. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics with SPSS software, employing Chi-Square, T-tests, and Mann-Whitney U tests for independent samples. Results: Significant differences in ToM task performance were observed between the groups. The control group outperformed the suspected HD group in both the "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" Test and the "Hinting Task". The control group displayed better social judgment and ability to infer complex mental states, while the suspected HD group showed deficiencies in these areas. These differences were statistically significant, with p-values less than 0.01.
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Palabras clave
Enfermedad de Huntington, Teoría de la Mente, Deterioro cognitivo, Cognición social, Trastornos neurodegenerativos
