Estrategias de afrontamiento frente a experiencias discriminatorias desde la perspectiva de las personas trans en Villa del Rosario
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2023
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Al vivir en una sociedad donde se remarca lo que no es "normal" las personas trans* a menudo enfrentan estigma, barreras sociales, niveles altos de vulnerabilidad, a partir de esto la investigación se centra en analizar las estrategias de afrontamiento frente experiencias discriminatorias desde la perspectiva de las personas Trans* en Villa del Rosario. La investigación adopta un enfoque cualitativo dentro de un paradigma Histórico/Hermenéutico y un diseño fenomenológico. La muestra incluye a 7 personas trans* vinculadas a la comunidad LGTBIQ+ del municipio, seleccionadas entre mayo y octubre de 2023. Se utilizó un cuestionario, una entrevista semiestructurada y un grupo focal para recopilar datos. Los resultados revelan áreas donde la discriminación es más prevalente: entornos familiares, sociales y de salud. Se identificaron factores emergentes que influyen en el desarrollo de la persona discriminada, como la cultura patriarcal heteronormativa, la estigmatización del VIH, la normalización de la violencia y la no discriminación dentro de la comunidad trans*. Las estrategias de afrontamiento ante la discriminación varían, mostrando enfoques tanto centrados en el problema tanto activos como demorados y centrados en las emociones, con el apoyo social y la negación. Los participantes también resignificaron estas situaciones mediante acciones afirmativas, como sus aspiraciones personales y la cultura como herramienta para mitigar las vulnerabilidades sociales. Se destaca la necesidad de estrategias de intervención para sensibilizar sobre los efectos de la discriminación en esta población. Se proponen hallazgos y recomendaciones como contribuciones significativas para colaborar con instituciones y asociaciones locales en la implementación de estrategias de afrontamiento que reduzcan el impacto negativo en la vida de las personas trans*, buscando mejorar su calidad de vida y disminuir la incidencia discriminatoria en la región.
Abstract: Living in a society where what is not "normal" is emphasized, trans* people often face stigma, social barriers, high levels of vulnerability, from this research focuses on analyzing coping strategies in the face of discriminatory experiences from the perspective of trans* people in Villa del Rosario. The research adopts a qualitative approach within a Historical/Hermeneutic paradigm and a phenomenological design. The sample includes 7 Trans* persons linked to the LGTBIQ+ community of the municipality, selected between May and October 2023. A questionnaire, a semi structured interview and a focus group were used to collect data. The results reveal areas where discrimination is most prevalent: family, social and health environments. Emerging factors that influence the development of the discriminated person were identified, such as patriarchal heteronormative culture, HIV stigmatization, normalization of violence and Endodiscrimination within the trans* community. Coping strategies to discrimination varied, showing both problem-focused approaches both active and delayed and emotion-focused, with social support and denial. Participants also re signified these situations through affirmative actions, such as their personal aspirations and culture as a tool to mitigate social vulnerabilities. The need for intervention strategies to raise awareness of the effects of discrimination on this population is highlighted. Findings and recommendations are proposed as significant contributions to collaborate with local institutions and associations in the implementation of coping strategies that reduce the negative impact on the lives of trans* 10 people, seeking to improve their quality of life and reduce the incidence of discrimination in the region.
Abstract: Living in a society where what is not "normal" is emphasized, trans* people often face stigma, social barriers, high levels of vulnerability, from this research focuses on analyzing coping strategies in the face of discriminatory experiences from the perspective of trans* people in Villa del Rosario. The research adopts a qualitative approach within a Historical/Hermeneutic paradigm and a phenomenological design. The sample includes 7 Trans* persons linked to the LGTBIQ+ community of the municipality, selected between May and October 2023. A questionnaire, a semi structured interview and a focus group were used to collect data. The results reveal areas where discrimination is most prevalent: family, social and health environments. Emerging factors that influence the development of the discriminated person were identified, such as patriarchal heteronormative culture, HIV stigmatization, normalization of violence and Endodiscrimination within the trans* community. Coping strategies to discrimination varied, showing both problem-focused approaches both active and delayed and emotion-focused, with social support and denial. Participants also re signified these situations through affirmative actions, such as their personal aspirations and culture as a tool to mitigate social vulnerabilities. The need for intervention strategies to raise awareness of the effects of discrimination on this population is highlighted. Findings and recommendations are proposed as significant contributions to collaborate with local institutions and associations in the implementation of coping strategies that reduce the negative impact on the lives of trans* 10 people, seeking to improve their quality of life and reduce the incidence of discrimination in the region.
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Estrategias de afrontamiento, Personas trans*, Discriminación, Identidad de género, Estigma, Coping strategies, Trans* people, Discrimination, Gender identity, Stigma