Fenotipos de bronquiolitis y su asociación con desenlaces clínicos en pacientes pediátricos de un hospital de tercer nivel en Barranquilla, 2022–2025
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Fecha
2025
Autores
Recalde Palacios, Santiago
Fuentes Gómez, Karen Paola
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultaad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultaad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Introducción: La bronquiolitis es una de las principales causas de morbilidad respiratoria en lactantes, especialmente en países de ingresos medios como Colombia. Su presentación clínica es heterogénea y puede agruparse en fenotipos que reflejan diferentes perfiles de gravedad, pero su utilidad en la predicción de desenlaces clínicos aún requiere mayor evidencia.
Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de los fenotipos de bronquiolitis y la asociación con desenlaces clínicos: ingreso a UCI, duración de hospitalización y el requerimiento de oxígeno suplementario en pacientes de un hospital pediátrico de tercer nivel en Barranquilla, Atlántico Colombia en el periodo 2022 a 2025-1.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo transversal con fase analítica, de carácter retrospectivo, basado en los registros clínicos de pacientes con diagnóstico de bronquiolitis aguda atendidos entre 2022 y 2025. Se seleccionaron 227 casos mediante muestreo aleatorio simple a partir de una población institucional de 2.918 pacientes. Se describieron las características clínicas y se evaluaron asociaciones mediante análisis bivariado y modelos multivariados (regresión binomial negativa y regresiones logísticas ajustadas).
Introduction: Bronchiolitis is one of the leading causes of respiratory morbidity in infants, particularly in middle-income countries such as Colombia. Its clinical presentation is heterogeneous and can be grouped into phenotypes that reflect different severity profiles; however, evidence regarding their usefulness in predicting clinical outcomes remains limited. Objective: To determine the prevalence of bronchiolitis phenotypes and their association with clinical outcomes—ICU admission, length of hospital stay, and the need for supplemental oxygen—in patients from a tertiary-level pediatric hospital in Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia, during the period 2022 to 2025-1. Materials and methods: This was an observational, descriptive, and analytical retrospective study based on clinical records of patients diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis between 2022 and 2025. A total of 227 cases were selected through simple random sampling from an institutional population of 2,918 patients. Clinical characteristics were described, and associations were evaluated using bivariate analyses and multivariable models (negative binomial regression and adjusted logistic regressions).
Introduction: Bronchiolitis is one of the leading causes of respiratory morbidity in infants, particularly in middle-income countries such as Colombia. Its clinical presentation is heterogeneous and can be grouped into phenotypes that reflect different severity profiles; however, evidence regarding their usefulness in predicting clinical outcomes remains limited. Objective: To determine the prevalence of bronchiolitis phenotypes and their association with clinical outcomes—ICU admission, length of hospital stay, and the need for supplemental oxygen—in patients from a tertiary-level pediatric hospital in Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia, during the period 2022 to 2025-1. Materials and methods: This was an observational, descriptive, and analytical retrospective study based on clinical records of patients diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis between 2022 and 2025. A total of 227 cases were selected through simple random sampling from an institutional population of 2,918 patients. Clinical characteristics were described, and associations were evaluated using bivariate analyses and multivariable models (negative binomial regression and adjusted logistic regressions).
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Palabras clave
Bronquiolitis, bronquiolitis viral, fenotipos bronquiolitis, oxígeno, consumo de oxígeno, obstrucción de las vías aéreas
