Parques científicos y tecnológicos: Una aglomeración con repercusión en el tejido empresarial
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Fecha
2018-03
Autores
García Cebrián, Lucía Isabel
Monsalve Peláez, Magda Andrea
Muñoz Porcar, Antonio
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Editor
Universidad del Zulia
Resumen
Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar la importancia de las concentraciones empresariales,
específicamente los parques científicos y tecnológicos, como mecanismo que contribuye al tejido
empresarial de un determinado país. Para llevarlo a cabo, primero se describen las economías
de aglomeración y las razones que conllevan a que las empresas se localicen cerca de otras.
Seguido, se analizan los datos de los parques científicos y tecnológicos de España. Es un trabajo
empírico con un análisis descriptivo que permite observar la evolución de esta concentración entre
los años 1997 y 2015 mediante los datos de la Asociación de Parques Científicos y Tecnológicos
de España en variables tales como número de parques, número de empleados, volumen de
facturación, comunidad autónoma donde están situados y sector al que pertenecen las empresas
que los componen. Se concluye que estos parques son un modelo de aglomeración que presenta
beneficios para las empresas y las regiones, configurándolo como una alternativa de localización
que deben tener en cuenta no sólo en países como España, sino en otros donde estas iniciativas
aún son incipientes.
This article aims to analyze the importance of business concentrations, specifically science and technology parks, as a mechanism that contributes to the fabric business of a given country. To carry it out, the agglomeration economies are first described and the reasons that lead companies to locate themselves close to others. Followed by, the data of the scientific and technological parks of Spain is analyzed. It is an empirical work with a descriptive analysis that allows to observe the evolution of this concentration between 1997 and 2015 through the data of the Association of Science and Technology Parks of Spain in variables such as number of parks, number of employees, turnover, autonomous community where they are located and sector to which the companies that compose them belong. It is concluded that these parks are a model of agglomeration that presents benefits for companies and regions, configuring it as an alternative location that should be taken into account not only in countries such as Spain, but in others where these initiatives are still incipient.
This article aims to analyze the importance of business concentrations, specifically science and technology parks, as a mechanism that contributes to the fabric business of a given country. To carry it out, the agglomeration economies are first described and the reasons that lead companies to locate themselves close to others. Followed by, the data of the scientific and technological parks of Spain is analyzed. It is an empirical work with a descriptive analysis that allows to observe the evolution of this concentration between 1997 and 2015 through the data of the Association of Science and Technology Parks of Spain in variables such as number of parks, number of employees, turnover, autonomous community where they are located and sector to which the companies that compose them belong. It is concluded that these parks are a model of agglomeration that presents benefits for companies and regions, configuring it as an alternative location that should be taken into account not only in countries such as Spain, but in others where these initiatives are still incipient.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Aglomeración, Localización, Parques Científicos y Tecnológicos, Concentración empresarial, Agglomeration, Location, Scientific and Technological Parks, Business concentration