Impacto a nivel emocional, cognitivo y conductual en estudiantes víctimas de acoso escolar
Cargando...
Fecha
2022
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El acoso escolar es una problemática que abarca todas las instituciones educativas, se produce "cuando un/os estudiante/s está/n expuesto/s, de forma repetida y durante un tiempo, a acciones negativas perpetradas por otro/s alumno/s". Tomando en cuenta que por acción negativa se entiende cuando alguien causa intencionalmente un daño, hiere o incomoda a otra persona. Las acciones negativas y agresivas pueden ejercerse de diferentes formas, ya que se presentan de manera evidente o sutil, o bien pasan inadvertidas por quienes no las sufren (Castillo & Frías, 2014). Siguiendo este orden de ideas presentamos nuestra investigación se llevó a cabo en la Institución Nuestra Señora de Belén, la muestra estudiada estuvo conformada por estudiantes con edad promedio de 11 a 18 años. En estudiantes de 6 a 11 grado, donde fue seleccionada una muestra de 22 estudiantes, divididos en grupo A y B, el cual se midió los 8 ítems de los indicadores de acoso, durante la investigación se buscó cumplir el objetivo genera, el cual estaba enfocado en analizar el impacto nivel emocional, cognitivo y conductual en estudiantes víctimas de acoso escolar en san José de Cúcuta. Así mismo el lograr identificar las conductas de acoso escolar en estudiantes de institución educativa de san José de Cúcuta, con el fin de determinar Impacto a nivel emocional, cognitivo y conductual en estudiantes víctimas y no víctimas del acoso escolar en san José de Cúcuta y lograr establecer la incidencia de las conductas de acoso escolar a nivel de emoción, cognición y conductas en estudiantes víctimas y no victimas del acoso escolar en san José de Cúcuta.
La presentación del análisis de los resultados aspecto a las variables de acoso escolar desde sus dimensiones clínica y no clínicas, al igual que los indicadores clínicos y de salud mental agrupados desde lo cognitivo lo emocional y lo conductual, respecto a el criterio de comparación socio demográficos como la edad, género, grado académico y la presencia o ausencia percibida de conductas de acoso. Se llevó de acuerdo con los objetivos específicos anteriormente planteados iniciando con una descripción de las características de la población de acuerdo con su distribución proporcional. Partiendo del resultado obtenido y posterior a la realización de la respectiva descripción e interpretación de estos, es posible determinar una aproximación a la magnitud afectación que tienen los estudiantes en el acoso el acoso escolar, influyendo en el área afectiva y psicológica. Al hecho de calcular la incidencia del acoso escolar entre los estudiantes en Colombia y estima el efecto que tiene en su logro académico. Los resultados mostraron que la población mayoritaria de los estudiantes, mayormente a los estudiantes varones ubicados en colegios urbanos que sean de niveles socioeconómicos bajos, representaron mayor incidencia tras ser víctimas de acoso. Así mismo, al comportamiento de hostigamiento e intimidación, aproxima a estas consecuencias que van a trascender en la historia del estudiante, generando una exclusión social y una afectación psicológica en los campos donde interactúe el estudiante, es claro que estas consecuencias ocasionadas por el acoso escolar va mucho más allá que un salón de clase, se puede decir que trasciende a diferentes campos como, el familiar, el personal, el interpersonal, llegando a pensar que prefieren mantener una distancia del mundo exterior y evitar toda interacción especialmente con las personas que sufrieron diferentes tipos de violencia (Pulido j, 2022) Logramos evidenciar los efectos y reacciones propias del acoso escolar dentro de la institución educativa. Permitiendo así, identificar las variables que más se encuentran presentes en este contexto. De esta forma, resaltamos que el acoso escolar es una forma de violencia presente y arraigada dentro de las comunidades educativas, que afectan el clima escolar, causando múltiples daños y perjuicios en una persona.
Bullying is a problem that encompasses all educational institutions, it occurs "when a student/s is/are exposed, repeatedly and over a period of time, to negative actions perpetrated by another/other student/s". Taking into account that by negative action is understood when someone intentionally causes harm, hurts or discomforts another person. Negative and aggressive actions can be exercised in different ways, as they are presented in an obvious or subtle way, or go unnoticed by those who do not suffer them. (Castillo & Frías, 2014) Following this order of ideas we present our research was carried out at the Institution Nuestra Señora de Belén, the sample studied was made up of students with an average age of 11 to 18 years. In students from 6 to 11 grade, where a sample of 22 students was selected, divided into group A and B, which was measured the 8 items of the indicators of bullying, during the research we sought to meet the overall objective, which was focused on analyzing the impact emotional, cognitive and behavioral level in student victims of bullying in San José de Cúcuta. Likewise, to identify bullying behaviors in students of the educational institution of San José de Cúcuta, in order to determine the impact at the emotional, cognitive and behavioral level in student victims and non-victims of bullying in San José de Cúcuta and to establish the incidence of bullying behaviors at the level of emotion, cognition and behaviors in student victims and non-victims of bullying in San José de Cúcuta. The presentation of the analysis of the results regarding the bullying variables from their clinical and non-clinical dimensions, as well as the clinical and mental health indicators grouped from the cognitive, emotional and behavioral levels, with respect to the socio-demographic comparison criteria such as age, gender, academic grade and the perceived presence or absence of bullying behaviors. It was carried out in accordance with the specific objectives previously stated, starting with a description of the characteristics of the population according to its proportional distribution. Based on the results obtained and after carrying out the respective description and interpretation of these, it is possible to determine an approximation to the magnitude of affectation that students have in bullying, influencing the affective and psychological area. By calculating the incidence of bullying among students in Colombia and estimating the effect it has on their academic achievement. The results showed that the majority population of students, mostly male students located in urban schools that are of low socioeconomic levels, represented higher incidence after being victims of bullying. Likewise, the behavior of harassment and bullying, approaches these consequences that will transcend in the history of the student, generating a social exclusion and a psychological affectation in the fields where the student interacts, it is clear that these consequences caused by bullying goes far beyond a classroom, it can be said that it transcends to different fields such as, family, personal, interpersonal, coming to think that they prefer to keep a distance from the outside world and avoid all interaction especially with people who suffered different types of violence (Pulido j, 2022). We were able to demonstrate the effects and reactions of bullying within the educational institution. Thus, we were able to identify the variables that are most present in this context. In this way, we highlight that bullying is a form of violence present and rooted within educational communities, affecting the school climate, causing multiple damages and harm to a person.
Bullying is a problem that encompasses all educational institutions, it occurs "when a student/s is/are exposed, repeatedly and over a period of time, to negative actions perpetrated by another/other student/s". Taking into account that by negative action is understood when someone intentionally causes harm, hurts or discomforts another person. Negative and aggressive actions can be exercised in different ways, as they are presented in an obvious or subtle way, or go unnoticed by those who do not suffer them. (Castillo & Frías, 2014) Following this order of ideas we present our research was carried out at the Institution Nuestra Señora de Belén, the sample studied was made up of students with an average age of 11 to 18 years. In students from 6 to 11 grade, where a sample of 22 students was selected, divided into group A and B, which was measured the 8 items of the indicators of bullying, during the research we sought to meet the overall objective, which was focused on analyzing the impact emotional, cognitive and behavioral level in student victims of bullying in San José de Cúcuta. Likewise, to identify bullying behaviors in students of the educational institution of San José de Cúcuta, in order to determine the impact at the emotional, cognitive and behavioral level in student victims and non-victims of bullying in San José de Cúcuta and to establish the incidence of bullying behaviors at the level of emotion, cognition and behaviors in student victims and non-victims of bullying in San José de Cúcuta. The presentation of the analysis of the results regarding the bullying variables from their clinical and non-clinical dimensions, as well as the clinical and mental health indicators grouped from the cognitive, emotional and behavioral levels, with respect to the socio-demographic comparison criteria such as age, gender, academic grade and the perceived presence or absence of bullying behaviors. It was carried out in accordance with the specific objectives previously stated, starting with a description of the characteristics of the population according to its proportional distribution. Based on the results obtained and after carrying out the respective description and interpretation of these, it is possible to determine an approximation to the magnitude of affectation that students have in bullying, influencing the affective and psychological area. By calculating the incidence of bullying among students in Colombia and estimating the effect it has on their academic achievement. The results showed that the majority population of students, mostly male students located in urban schools that are of low socioeconomic levels, represented higher incidence after being victims of bullying. Likewise, the behavior of harassment and bullying, approaches these consequences that will transcend in the history of the student, generating a social exclusion and a psychological affectation in the fields where the student interacts, it is clear that these consequences caused by bullying goes far beyond a classroom, it can be said that it transcends to different fields such as, family, personal, interpersonal, coming to think that they prefer to keep a distance from the outside world and avoid all interaction especially with people who suffered different types of violence (Pulido j, 2022). We were able to demonstrate the effects and reactions of bullying within the educational institution. Thus, we were able to identify the variables that are most present in this context. In this way, we highlight that bullying is a form of violence present and rooted within educational communities, affecting the school climate, causing multiple damages and harm to a person.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Acoso escolar, Indicadores, Autoestima, Bullying, Violencia escolar, Bullying, Indicators, Self-esteem, Bullying, School violence, Behaviors
