Ansiedad, depresión y autoconcepto en mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Escalante Alfonso, Lizeth Dayana
Ledezma Carvajal, Jinna Eslendy
Bautista Jaimes, Yeraldit Efigenia
Fernández-Delgado, Marlen-Karina
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Editor
Saber UCV, Universidad Central de Venezuela
Resumen
El cáncer de mama en Colombia, después del
de cuello uterino, es la segunda causa con mayor
índice de mortalidad. El impacto de esta enfermedad
reporta respuestas emocionales asociadas a ansiedad
y depresión, distorsión de la autoimagen y autoestima
derivadas del auto concepto. Lo anterior, porque la
expectativa de vida para esta enfermedad es baja y a
lo largo del diagnóstico la gran mayoría de mujeres
se enfrentan a procedimientos quirúrgicos invasivos
que generan dolor y sufrimiento donde la mama se ve
comprometida de manera parcial o total. El objetivo
del presente estudio es describir los niveles de ansiedad,
depresión y las características del auto- concepto en
mujeres diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama. Para
ello se obtuvo una muestra por conveniencia de 15
participantes con un tiempo de diagnóstico inferior
a 5 años. Se utilizó como instrumentos de medida
la Escala Hospitalaria de Ansiedad y Depresión
HADS y la Escala de Auto concepto de Penélope
Tennessee. En los resultados se encontró que cerca
de la tercera parte de la muestra presenta ansiedad
y el 7 % depresión. El autoconcepto en este grupo
de mujeres se encuentra en estado moderado a alto,
lo que indica que no hay alteraciones en el mismo.
Se concluye que las mujeres que están atravesando
este diagnóstico presentan respuestas emocionales
de ansiedad y depresión derivadas del procedimiento
quirúrgico, el temor a la muerte y la incertidumbre
que representa la expectativa de vida y que, a mayor
tiempo de diagnóstico, mayor nivel de autoconcepto.
Breast cancer in Colombia, after cervical cancer, is the second cause with the highest mortality rate. The impact of this disease reports emotional responses associated with anxiety and depression, distortion of self-image, and self-esteem derived from self- concept. The life expectancy for this disease is low and throughout the diagnosis, the vast majority of women face invasive surgical procedures that generate pain and suffering where the breast is partially or totally compromised. The objective of this research is to describe the levels of anxiety, depression, and the characteristics of the self-concept in women diagnosed with breast cancer. For this, a convenient sample of 15 participants was obtained with a diagnosis of less than 5 years. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS and the Self-concept Scale of Penelope Tennessee were used as the measurement method. In the results, it was found that about a third of the sample presented anxiety and 7 % depression. Self-concept in this group of women is in a moderate to a high state, indicating that there are no changes in it. It is concluded that the women who are going through this diagnosis present emotional responses of anxiety and depression derived from the surgical procedure, the fear of death, and the uncertainty that life expectancy represents and that the longer time of the diagnosis, the higher the level of self-concept.
Breast cancer in Colombia, after cervical cancer, is the second cause with the highest mortality rate. The impact of this disease reports emotional responses associated with anxiety and depression, distortion of self-image, and self-esteem derived from self- concept. The life expectancy for this disease is low and throughout the diagnosis, the vast majority of women face invasive surgical procedures that generate pain and suffering where the breast is partially or totally compromised. The objective of this research is to describe the levels of anxiety, depression, and the characteristics of the self-concept in women diagnosed with breast cancer. For this, a convenient sample of 15 participants was obtained with a diagnosis of less than 5 years. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale HADS and the Self-concept Scale of Penelope Tennessee were used as the measurement method. In the results, it was found that about a third of the sample presented anxiety and 7 % depression. Self-concept in this group of women is in a moderate to a high state, indicating that there are no changes in it. It is concluded that the women who are going through this diagnosis present emotional responses of anxiety and depression derived from the surgical procedure, the fear of death, and the uncertainty that life expectancy represents and that the longer time of the diagnosis, the higher the level of self-concept.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Ansiedad, Depresión, Auto concepto, Cáncer de mama, Anxiety, depression, self-concept, breast cancer
