Factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y metabólicos asociados con la aparición de síndrome poscovid: un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo
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Fecha
2024
Autores
Raad Sarabia, Maria Isabel
Aroca-Martinez, Gustavo
Cassiani Miranda, Carlos
Tirado Otálvaro, Andrés Felipe
Daza Arnedo, Rodrigo
Porto-Corbacho, Daniel
Mondol Almeida, Zulay
Juan Guardela , Emilio
PINEDA PATERNINA, MARIO
Llanos Almario, Kevin Andrés
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Asociación Colombiana de Endocrinología, Diabetes y Metabolismo
Resumen
Contexto: el síndrome metabólico (SM) se define como un conjunto de factores de
riesgo que aumentan la probabilidad de padecer enfermedad cardiovascular. El síndrome
poscovid es una complicación a largo plazo de la infección por COVID-19, definida por
la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) como la perpetuación de los síntomas de la
enfermedad aguda más allá de 12 semanas sin otra causa aparente. La asociación entre
las enfermedades cardiometabólicas y las complicaciones de la infección aguda por SARSCoV-
2 ha estado clara desde el principio, no siendo así con el síndrome poscovid.
Objetivo: determinar la asociación existente entre la presencia de enfermedades
cardiovasculares en el momento de la infección aguda por SARS-CoV-2 y el desarrollo de
síndrome poscovid.
Metodología: estudio observacional de cohortes y retrospectivo, con un total de 278
pacientes, 140 en la cohorte expuesta y 138 en la cohorte no expuesta, para establecer
la asociación entre la presencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en la fase aguda de
infección por COVID-19 y el síndrome poscovid.
Resultados: en la cohorte expuesta, el 74,1 % presentó el síndrome poscovid, mientras
que en la cohorte no expuesta el 25,9 % presentó dicho desenlace. Luego del análisis
multivariado, se estableció una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el diagnóstico
de síndrome metabólico en la fase aguda de la infección por COVID-19 y el desarrollo de
síndrome poscovid, con un RRa de 3,18, IC 95 % 1,42-7,14; p = 0,005.
Conclusiones: se logró establecer una asociación clara entre la presencia del síndrome
metabólico en la fase de infección aguda por COVID-19 y la aparición de síndrome poscovid.
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined as a set of risk factors that increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease. Post-COVID syndrome is a long-term complication of COVID-19 infection defined by the WHO as the perpetuation of acute disease symptoms beyond 12 weeks with no other apparent cause. The association between cardiometabolic diseases and complications of acute SARS-CoV 2 infection has been clear from the beginning, but this is not the case with post-COVID syndrome. Purpose: To determine the association between the presence of cardiovascular diseases at the time of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of post-COVID syndrome. Methods: Observational, cohort, retrospective study with a total of 278 patients, 140 in the exposed cohort and 138 in the unexposed cohort, to establish the association between the presence of cardiovascular diseases in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection and post-COVID syndrome. Results: In the exposed cohort, 74.1% presented post-COVID syndrome, while in the unexposed cohort, 25.9% presented this outcome. After multivariate analysis, a statistically significant association was established between the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection and the development of post-COVID syndrome with an RRa 3.18, 95% CI 1.42-7.14 p 0.005. Conclusions: A clear association was established between the presence of metabolic syndrome in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection and the appearance of post-COVID syndrome.
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined as a set of risk factors that increase the likelihood of cardiovascular disease. Post-COVID syndrome is a long-term complication of COVID-19 infection defined by the WHO as the perpetuation of acute disease symptoms beyond 12 weeks with no other apparent cause. The association between cardiometabolic diseases and complications of acute SARS-CoV 2 infection has been clear from the beginning, but this is not the case with post-COVID syndrome. Purpose: To determine the association between the presence of cardiovascular diseases at the time of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and the development of post-COVID syndrome. Methods: Observational, cohort, retrospective study with a total of 278 patients, 140 in the exposed cohort and 138 in the unexposed cohort, to establish the association between the presence of cardiovascular diseases in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection and post-COVID syndrome. Results: In the exposed cohort, 74.1% presented post-COVID syndrome, while in the unexposed cohort, 25.9% presented this outcome. After multivariate analysis, a statistically significant association was established between the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection and the development of post-COVID syndrome with an RRa 3.18, 95% CI 1.42-7.14 p 0.005. Conclusions: A clear association was established between the presence of metabolic syndrome in the acute phase of COVID-19 infection and the appearance of post-COVID syndrome.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Infección por COVID-19, Síndrome metabólico, Síndrome poscovid, Diabetes, Hipertensión, Dislipidemia, Obesidad
Citación
Raad-Sarabia M, Aroca-Martínez G, Cassiani Miranda C, Ramos-Clason E, Tirado Otálvaro A, Daza Arnedo R, et al. Factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y metabólicos asociados con la aparición de síndrome poscovid: un estudio de cohorte retrospectivo. Rev Colomb Endocrinol Diabet Metab. 2024;11(3):e878. https://doi.org/10.53853/encr.11.3.878
