Influencia del régimen electoral municipal y departamental del 2019 en la contratación privada en Baranoa, Atlántico
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Peñate Natera, Mario Andrés
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La influencia de los integrantes del Régimen Electoral dentro del sector privado en materia de Contratación Laboral es una problemática tanto para los habitantes de esta comunidad como para los empleadores que establecen sus comercios en el municipio debido a que no se desarrolla con normalidad ni autonomía esta práctica. Al mismo tiempo generara de igual manera incertidumbres a la hora de conseguir empleos ya que no cuentan con la seguridad laboral necesaria para considerar ello un empleo digno y con justa remuneración.
En un primer momento comenzamos con la búsqueda de todas aquellas bases teóricas, conceptuales, históricas y demás, las cuales demostraron que esta problemática en la que se encuentra basada esta investigación cuenta con una gran cantidad de antecedentes, estos antecedentes comprenden desde la creación de la democracia con Solón de Atenas. Es entonces donde en nos dirigimos a crear aquel plan de trabajo con el cual le daríamos seguimiento y así mismo lograr los objetivos trazados de la investigación. Las bases teórica nos abren paso al desarrollo de los 4 capítulos dentro de los cuales tenemos como objetivo la demostración clara de la existencia de la influencia de Régimen Electoral por medio de la identificación de las características con la que este cuenta a nivel municipal para así encontrar por medio de estas un concepto especificado sobre el Régimen Electoral del municipio,
para la identificación de las características no nos basamos únicamente en aquellas que son exclusivas del Régimen Electoral Municipal puesto que estas características suelen ser compartidas con características con el Régimen Electoral Nacional, al igual contamos con un capítulo dedicado la identificación de los límites con cuales se busca una protección amplia y segura del empleo dentro del sector privado de las influencias del Régimen Electoral y de aquellas entidades tanto gubernamentales como no gubernamentales de Control y Vigilancia de aquellos limites que la ley brinda tanto para los empleadores como para los empleados del sector privado.
La verificación de todos aquellos antecedentes, teorías y concepto en los cuales que se encuentra basada esta investigación se encuentra en el tercer capítulo, el cual para su desarrollo se utilizaron métodos de recolección de datos como lo es la entrevista. Las entrevistas fueron aplicadas a ciudadanos seleccionados, esta selección se hizo para obtener los mejores resultados dependiendo de los objetivos de estas, fue aplicada esta entrevistas a 3 empleadores del sector privado debido a que son ellos los principales creadores de empleos dentro de este sector, 1 concejal del Municipio para así obtener ambos puntos de vistas de cada de uno de los sectores, 1 servidor público para tener en consideración la visión desde su perspectiva, 1 presidente de la junta de acción comunal debido a su visión desde un punto más zonificado del municipio debido a su conocimiento profundo de los integrantes de su comunidad y por ultimo a 3 ciudadanos en general para conocer las experiencias variadas de los habitantes del Municipio. Por ultimo desarrollamos ideas como proyectos para la creación y el mejoramiento de aquellos límites legales con los que actualmente cuenta en Régimen Electoral para ejercer influencias en el sector privado en materia de contratación laboral, estas ideas se desarrollaron con base a la recopilación de toda aquella información plasmada en esta investigación.
After having investigated in depth the thesis on which the research is based, a better reference is given to authors who previously in their research or articles have put into consideration the existence of the problem on which we are based. Continuing the structure of the previous framework, it was given the task of ordering the articles and researches starting with a general factor, until achieving a much more specific view of the thesis approach. At the beginning of the articles we quote the Argentinean Dr. Daniel Zovatto, Regional Director of International IDEA, who from the magazine "Revista de Derecho Electoral del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones" published his article called "Money and politics in Latin America" where he gives us an idea of political corruption and how it has influenced both the public sector and the private sector for many years. Within the article, Dr. Daniel Zovatto annexes a report from Transparency International, precisely on page five (5°) "the recommendations made by Transparency International in its global report on corruption in 2004, aimed at combating political corruption, in particular the following: ... 2) Governments should implement adequate conflict of interest legislation, including laws regulating the circumstances under which an elected official may hold a position in the private sector or in a state-owned company", thus implying that its considerations on the existence of corruption is not a novelty in the Latin American context. But not far from reality, he indicates that his recommendations are focused on the creation of limits for the electoral regime, thus preventing it from exerting its influence in any of the sectors. Focusing on a different context but entering into a local environment, we are guided towards studies that demonstrate the influence that Dr. Daniel Zovatto previously described. Daniel Zovatto described, thus leading us to the study of anti-corruption statutes made by collaboration of the authors Gabriel Misas Arango, Mónica Juliana Oviedo León, Andrea Franco Correa and published by the editorial of the General Comptroller of the Nation, where despite being published in 2005, are ideas and studies of statutes that today still have validity, one of the relevant issues for this research as it is the clear existence of concern not only by the authors, One of the relevant issues for this research is the clear concern not only on the part of the authors, but also on the part of the General Comptroller of the Nation for the State, when assuring that corruption in the private sector is where those incidences are generated for political decision making that affect the national economy, this described in the cited "One of the novel points contained in the Anti-Corruption Statute is the concern to include measures aimed at criminalizing and typifying corruption offenses in the private sector. This interest arises from the need of the State to strengthen its capacity to control corrupt practices in a context in which the incidence of the market increases on economic and political decision making, strengthening the urgency of creating an environment of trust and competitiveness that is distorted by the harmful effects of corruption, and with this, the promises of economic development for the country". These two articles took part of the creation of a precedent of the time, but even so, they did not take the proper awareness of the issues addressed. One of the many investigative articles on the case is that of Cristián Javier Rodríguez Murillo and Johan Sebastián Carvajal Salamanca from the magazine "Universidad de la Salle" who carried out their own investigation called "Behavior of the private sector in the management of the public sector: Estudio de caso del carrusel de la contratación en Bogotá", taking it to a clear idea on page 30 of how the electoral regime and the public sector, use the private sector, "Although, in the anti-corruption statute (law 1474 of 2011), comprehensive ways to combat corruption were introduced, recognizing, for the first time, corruption in the private sector, Colombian legislation, in general, barely identifies the responsibility of the private sector in corrupt practices (Escallón, 2014). Sometimes, it is thought that corruption in the political sphere is more important because, the control of corruption in the public sector is a prerequisite for the control of corruption in the private sector". Summarized this in that despite the existence of anti-corruption laws these are not guarantees for the proper enforcement of this, and one of the reasons why this happens is because corruption already has both the control of the public sector and the private sector.
After having investigated in depth the thesis on which the research is based, a better reference is given to authors who previously in their research or articles have put into consideration the existence of the problem on which we are based. Continuing the structure of the previous framework, it was given the task of ordering the articles and researches starting with a general factor, until achieving a much more specific view of the thesis approach. At the beginning of the articles we quote the Argentinean Dr. Daniel Zovatto, Regional Director of International IDEA, who from the magazine "Revista de Derecho Electoral del Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones" published his article called "Money and politics in Latin America" where he gives us an idea of political corruption and how it has influenced both the public sector and the private sector for many years. Within the article, Dr. Daniel Zovatto annexes a report from Transparency International, precisely on page five (5°) "the recommendations made by Transparency International in its global report on corruption in 2004, aimed at combating political corruption, in particular the following: ... 2) Governments should implement adequate conflict of interest legislation, including laws regulating the circumstances under which an elected official may hold a position in the private sector or in a state-owned company", thus implying that its considerations on the existence of corruption is not a novelty in the Latin American context. But not far from reality, he indicates that his recommendations are focused on the creation of limits for the electoral regime, thus preventing it from exerting its influence in any of the sectors. Focusing on a different context but entering into a local environment, we are guided towards studies that demonstrate the influence that Dr. Daniel Zovatto previously described. Daniel Zovatto described, thus leading us to the study of anti-corruption statutes made by collaboration of the authors Gabriel Misas Arango, Mónica Juliana Oviedo León, Andrea Franco Correa and published by the editorial of the General Comptroller of the Nation, where despite being published in 2005, are ideas and studies of statutes that today still have validity, one of the relevant issues for this research as it is the clear existence of concern not only by the authors, One of the relevant issues for this research is the clear concern not only on the part of the authors, but also on the part of the General Comptroller of the Nation for the State, when assuring that corruption in the private sector is where those incidences are generated for political decision making that affect the national economy, this described in the cited "One of the novel points contained in the Anti-Corruption Statute is the concern to include measures aimed at criminalizing and typifying corruption offenses in the private sector. This interest arises from the need of the State to strengthen its capacity to control corrupt practices in a context in which the incidence of the market increases on economic and political decision making, strengthening the urgency of creating an environment of trust and competitiveness that is distorted by the harmful effects of corruption, and with this, the promises of economic development for the country". These two articles took part of the creation of a precedent of the time, but even so, they did not take the proper awareness of the issues addressed. One of the many investigative articles on the case is that of Cristián Javier Rodríguez Murillo and Johan Sebastián Carvajal Salamanca from the magazine "Universidad de la Salle" who carried out their own investigation called "Behavior of the private sector in the management of the public sector: Estudio de caso del carrusel de la contratación en Bogotá", taking it to a clear idea on page 30 of how the electoral regime and the public sector, use the private sector, "Although, in the anti-corruption statute (law 1474 of 2011), comprehensive ways to combat corruption were introduced, recognizing, for the first time, corruption in the private sector, Colombian legislation, in general, barely identifies the responsibility of the private sector in corrupt practices (Escallón, 2014). Sometimes, it is thought that corruption in the political sphere is more important because, the control of corruption in the public sector is a prerequisite for the control of corruption in the private sector". Summarized this in that despite the existence of anti-corruption laws these are not guarantees for the proper enforcement of this, and one of the reasons why this happens is because corruption already has both the control of the public sector and the private sector.
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Palabras clave
Laboral, Influencia, Régimen electoral, Contratación privada,, Garantías, Labour, Influence, Electoral regime, Private contracting, Guarantees