Construcción de identidades a partir de procesos de espacialización, que permitan mejorar las condiciones sociofamiliares del adulto mayor, del asilo María Auxiliadora del municipio de Saravena, Arauca
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Basto Ortiz, Flaviana Julie
Guanare Palencia, Addis del Carmen
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
A pesar de que la norma y los lineamientos de autoridad en salud buscan proteger a los adultos mayores, en sociedades como Colombia, al igual que en otras en vías de desarrollo, se presentan situaciones de abandono y violencia contra ciudadanos que han llegado a la tercera edad. Una de las prácticas más comunes que se encuentran es el abandono por parte de los familiares y cuidadores lo que en sí significa un riesgo para la salud y bienestar del adulto mayor. Lo anterior ha llevado a distintas instituciones, y disciplinas como la Trabajo Social a generar conciencia para que se brinde un cuidado humanizado, centrado en las necesidades del adulto mayor, tanto físicas, como psicológicas, manteniendo una visión integral del ser humano. El abandono familiar, las dinámicas socio- familiares, el ingreso al diferente asilo del adulto mayor es un fenómeno que compromete la vida, salud y bienestar de este grupo poblacional, por ende, esta investigación aporta a visibilizar el problema, comprender las causas, los factores que inciden en dicho fenómeno y con ello poder lograr desde Trabajo Social se reflexione sobre el tema, formulando recomendaciones de cuidado, manteniendo una visión humanista e integradora. Por los tanto esta investigación busca comprender la configuración de la espacialidad identitaria de participantes adultos mayores pertenecientes al asilo María Auxiliadora del Municipio de Saravena, Arauca, frente a la experiencia de análisis de construcción de la misma. Se realizó una revisión teórica profundizando en los siguientes conceptos: adulto mayor, espacialidad, vejez, calidad de vida, identidad, trastornos de ánimo. A nivel metodológico se realizó una investigación cualitativa, con un diseño de investigación etnográfico que parte de la observación y la entrevista y un enfoque de investigación histórico hermenéutico o interpretativo. La investigación se llevó a cabo en el Asilo María Auxiliadora del municipio de Saravena, Arauca con un grupo de 5 adultos mayores. En el proceso de investigación se crearon cinco espacios conversacionales que configurando diálogos generativos dando apertura a cambios significativos en la construcción de la narrativa identitaria de los participantes. Por tanto, su aporte gira en torno la construcción de la identidad del adulto mayor, al contextualiza su espacialidad en las dinámicas familiares, las relaciones sociales y su ingreso al asilo, lo que determino la construcción de la identidad de los participantes.
Despite the fact that the norm and health authority guidelines seek to protect older adults, in societies such as Colombia, as in other developing countries, there are situations of abandonment and violence against citizens who have reached the third level. age. One of the most common practices found is abandonment by family members and caregivers, which in itself represents a risk to the health and well-being of the elderly. The foregoing has led different institutions and disciplines such as Social Work to generate awareness so that humanized care is provided, focused on the needs of the elderly, both physical and psychological, maintaining an integral vision of the human being. Family abandonment, socio-family dynamics, admission to the different nursing home of the elderly is a phenomenon that compromises the life, health and well-being of this population group; therefore, this research contributes to making the problem visible, understanding the causes, the Factors that influence this phenomenon and with it to be able to achieve from Social Work to reflect on the subject, formulating recommendations of care, maintaining a humanistic and integrative vision. Therefore, this research seeks to understand the configuration of the identity spatiality of older adult participants belonging to the María Auxiliadora asylum in the Municipality of Saravena, Arauca, compared to the experience of analyzing its construction. A theoretical review was carried out deepening in the following concepts: older adult, spatiality, old age, quality of life, identity, mood disorders. At a methodological level, qualitative research was carried out, with an ethnographic research design that starts from the observation and the interview and a hermeneutical or interpretative historical research approach. The investigation was carried out at the María Auxiliadora Asylum in the municipality of Saravena, Arauca with a group of 5 older adults. In the research process, five conversational spaces were created that, configuring generative dialogues, opening up significant changes in the construction of the identity narrative of the participants. Therefore, his contribution revolves around the construction of the identity of the elderly, by contextualizing their spatiality in family dynamics, social relationships and their admission to the asylum, which determined the construction of the identity of the participants.
Despite the fact that the norm and health authority guidelines seek to protect older adults, in societies such as Colombia, as in other developing countries, there are situations of abandonment and violence against citizens who have reached the third level. age. One of the most common practices found is abandonment by family members and caregivers, which in itself represents a risk to the health and well-being of the elderly. The foregoing has led different institutions and disciplines such as Social Work to generate awareness so that humanized care is provided, focused on the needs of the elderly, both physical and psychological, maintaining an integral vision of the human being. Family abandonment, socio-family dynamics, admission to the different nursing home of the elderly is a phenomenon that compromises the life, health and well-being of this population group; therefore, this research contributes to making the problem visible, understanding the causes, the Factors that influence this phenomenon and with it to be able to achieve from Social Work to reflect on the subject, formulating recommendations of care, maintaining a humanistic and integrative vision. Therefore, this research seeks to understand the configuration of the identity spatiality of older adult participants belonging to the María Auxiliadora asylum in the Municipality of Saravena, Arauca, compared to the experience of analyzing its construction. A theoretical review was carried out deepening in the following concepts: older adult, spatiality, old age, quality of life, identity, mood disorders. At a methodological level, qualitative research was carried out, with an ethnographic research design that starts from the observation and the interview and a hermeneutical or interpretative historical research approach. The investigation was carried out at the María Auxiliadora Asylum in the municipality of Saravena, Arauca with a group of 5 older adults. In the research process, five conversational spaces were created that, configuring generative dialogues, opening up significant changes in the construction of the identity narrative of the participants. Therefore, his contribution revolves around the construction of the identity of the elderly, by contextualizing their spatiality in family dynamics, social relationships and their admission to the asylum, which determined the construction of the identity of the participants.
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Palabras clave
Adulto mayor, Identidad, Envejecimiento, Calidad de vida, Elderly, Identity, Aging, Quality of life