Bienestar psicológico en mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado durante el confinamiento en pandemia por COVID-19
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Fecha
2020
Autores
López-Jaimes, Ruth-Jimena
Medina-Ortiz, Oscar
Mendoza-Rincón, Beatriz Milagros
Arenas-Villamizar, Vivian Vanessa
Araque-Castellanos, Franlet
Jaimes-Parada, Gerson Yesith
Julio-Hoyos, Yahir Enrique
Cotrino, Johana
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Editor
Saber UCV, Universidad Central de Venezuela
Resumen
Introducción: En la situación de confinamiento debido al Covid-19, se reconoce la afectación y efectos negativos en la
salud mental en diferentes comunidades vulnerables, en este
caso de mujeres víctimas del conflicto armado, es por esta
razón que interesa saber cuál es el impacto en el bienestar
psicológico y su relación con los aspectos sociodemográficos.
Objetivo: Analizar el Bienestar Psicológico e identificar sus
relaciones entre los aspectos sociodemográficos en mujeres
víctimas del conflicto armado durante el confinamiento preventivo en pandemia por (Covid-19).
Método: Enfoque cuantitativo, alcance descriptivo y con un
diseño transversal no experimental. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de aspectos sociodemográfico y la
Escala de Bienestar Psicológico EBP (Ryff). En el análisis se
utilizó en análisis de varianzas ANOVA y la prueba de Correlación de Pearson. El valor de significancia estadística que
se consideró fue menor no igual a 0,05.
Resultados: Las mujeres víctimas participantes reportan un
bienestar psicológico alto y elevado en el 73,7% de los casos,
mejores puntuaciones en las dimensiones: Propósito de vida,
Crecimiento personal y Dominio de entorno. Bienestar Psicológico mejora en relación con la edad tanto en puntuaciones
generales y como en las dimensiones Autoaceptación, Dominio del entorno, Crecimiento personal y Propósito de vida. De
igual manera, las viudas tienen mejores Relaciones Positivas
que otros grupos.
Conclusión: El bienestar psicológico está relacionado con
experiencias de cada historia de vida y hecho victimizante
que les permitió a las mujeres alcanzar altos niveles en las
dimensiones asociadas al propósito de vida, crecimiento personal y dominio del entorno. Los aspectos sociodemográficos aportan características fundamentales para un nivel alto
de bienestar psicológico en las mujeres víctimas del conflicto
participantes de esta investigación.
Introduction: In the confinement situation due to Covid-19, the affectation and negative effects on mental health in different vulnerable communities are recognized, in this case of women victims of the armed conflict, it is for this reason that it is interesting to know what the impact is in psychological wellbeing and its relationship with sociodemographic aspects. Objective: To analyze the Psychological Well-being and identify its relationships between the sociodemographic aspects in women victims of the armed conflict during preventive confinement in a pandemic (Covid-19). Method: Quantitative approach, descriptive scope and with a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The instruments used were the questionnaire on sociodemographic aspects and the EBP Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff). ANOVA and Pearson’s Correlation test were used in the analysis. The statistical significance value that was considered was less than not equal to 0.05. Results: The participating female victims report a high and elevated psychological well-being in 73.7% of the cases, better scores in the dimensions: Life purpose, Personal growth and Environment domain. Psychological Well-being improves in relation to age both in general scores and in the dimensions Self-acceptance, Mastery of the environment, Personal growth and Purpose of life. Similarly, widows have better Positive Relationships than other groups. Conclusion: Psychological well-being is related to experiences of each life history and victimizing event that allowed women to achieve high levels in the dimensions associated with life purpose, personal growth and mastery of the environment. The sociodemographic aspects provide fundamental characteristics for a high level of psychological well-being in the women victims of the conflict who participated in thisresearch.
Introduction: In the confinement situation due to Covid-19, the affectation and negative effects on mental health in different vulnerable communities are recognized, in this case of women victims of the armed conflict, it is for this reason that it is interesting to know what the impact is in psychological wellbeing and its relationship with sociodemographic aspects. Objective: To analyze the Psychological Well-being and identify its relationships between the sociodemographic aspects in women victims of the armed conflict during preventive confinement in a pandemic (Covid-19). Method: Quantitative approach, descriptive scope and with a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The instruments used were the questionnaire on sociodemographic aspects and the EBP Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff). ANOVA and Pearson’s Correlation test were used in the analysis. The statistical significance value that was considered was less than not equal to 0.05. Results: The participating female victims report a high and elevated psychological well-being in 73.7% of the cases, better scores in the dimensions: Life purpose, Personal growth and Environment domain. Psychological Well-being improves in relation to age both in general scores and in the dimensions Self-acceptance, Mastery of the environment, Personal growth and Purpose of life. Similarly, widows have better Positive Relationships than other groups. Conclusion: Psychological well-being is related to experiences of each life history and victimizing event that allowed women to achieve high levels in the dimensions associated with life purpose, personal growth and mastery of the environment. The sociodemographic aspects provide fundamental characteristics for a high level of psychological well-being in the women victims of the conflict who participated in thisresearch.
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Palabras clave
Bienestar psicológico, Violencia armada, Sobrevivientes, Salud mental, integración social, Impacto psicológico por pandemia, Psychological well-being, violence, survivors, Mental health, Social integration, Psychological impact due to pandemic