Afectaciones que causa la devaluación del bolívar en el ámbito socio-económico de los comerciantes del Centro Comercial Alejandría en la ciudad de Cúcuta, Norte de Santander, Colombia
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Pulgarín Rodríguez, Jennifer Kaina
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Esta investigación se realizó en el municipio Cúcuta departamento Norte de Santander, en el Centro Comercial Alejandría, ubicado en el centro de esta ciudad, donde se concentra el 75% del comercio de esta zona de frontera, un comercio que tiene dependencia frente a la moneda de Venezuela conocida como el bolívar.
Tras la devaluación de esta moneda se evidenciaron las afectaciones socioeconómicas por las cuales han tenido que pasar los comerciantes, analizando la realidad económica en la que se encuentran inmersos estos comerciantes y buscando comprender las afectaciones sociales que han experimentado.
Se logró identificar que sus contextos cotidianos, como lo son el económico, familiar, laboral y social, se vieron afectados, ya que la disminución del comercio y de las ventas producidas en estos establecimiento han estado en decadencia tras esta crisis fronteriza.
Se optó por la metodología del paradigma interpretativo que propone practicar una ciencia de la realidad de los grupos sociales, ya que son estos considerados el centro del problema investigar desde una perspectiva crítica, pretendiendo conocer una situación y comprenderla desde la visión de la población y las razones históricas de que las situaciones se reproduzcan así.
A través del enfoque cualitativo y de la técnica utilizada como la entrevista abierta a diferentes comerciantes, se logró identificar las situaciones de tensión, estrés y de crisis económica que se vive en este centro comercial y en sus familias tras la devaluación del bolívar.
Demostrando como los comerciantes debieron optar estrategias de resiliencia para poder continuar con sus labores dentro de estos establecimientos y no llegar a convertirse por esta crisis en comerciantes informales.
This research was carried out in the municipality of Cúcuta, department of Norte de Santander, in the Alejandría commercial center, located in the center of this city, where 75% of the commerce of this border area is concentrated, a commerce that is dependent on the venezuelan currency known as the bolivar. After the devaluation of this currency, the socioeconomic affectations through which the merchants have had to go through were evidenced, analyzing the economic reality in which these merchants are immersed and seeking to understand the social affectations they have experienced. It was possible to identify that their daily contexts, such as economic, family, labor and social, were affected, since the decrease in trade and sales produced in these establishments have been in decline after this border crisis. The methodology of the interpretative paradigm was chosen, which proposes to practice a science of the reality of the social groups, since they are considered the center of the problem to investigate from a critical perspective, pretending to know a situation and understand it from the vision of the population and the historical reasons why the situations are reproduced in this way. Through the qualitative approach and the technique used as the open interview to different merchants, it was possible to identify the situations of tension, stress and economic crisis experienced in this commercial center and in their families after the devaluation of the bolivar. Demonstrating how the merchants had to opt for resilience strategies to be able to continue with their work in these establishments and not become informal merchants due to this crisis.
This research was carried out in the municipality of Cúcuta, department of Norte de Santander, in the Alejandría commercial center, located in the center of this city, where 75% of the commerce of this border area is concentrated, a commerce that is dependent on the venezuelan currency known as the bolivar. After the devaluation of this currency, the socioeconomic affectations through which the merchants have had to go through were evidenced, analyzing the economic reality in which these merchants are immersed and seeking to understand the social affectations they have experienced. It was possible to identify that their daily contexts, such as economic, family, labor and social, were affected, since the decrease in trade and sales produced in these establishments have been in decline after this border crisis. The methodology of the interpretative paradigm was chosen, which proposes to practice a science of the reality of the social groups, since they are considered the center of the problem to investigate from a critical perspective, pretending to know a situation and understand it from the vision of the population and the historical reasons why the situations are reproduced in this way. Through the qualitative approach and the technique used as the open interview to different merchants, it was possible to identify the situations of tension, stress and economic crisis experienced in this commercial center and in their families after the devaluation of the bolivar. Demonstrating how the merchants had to opt for resilience strategies to be able to continue with their work in these establishments and not become informal merchants due to this crisis.
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Frontera, Comercio, Informalidad, Devaluación, Crisis económica, Frontier, Trade, Informality, Devaluation, Economic crisis