Afectaciones sociales producidas por la desintegración familiar, que inciden en la salud mental de las familias venezolanas migrantes, del municipio de Cúcuta, durante los años 2020-2021, un estudio de caso único
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Fecha
2021
Autores
Archbold Sanabria, Thyra Kathira
Rojas Daza, Ingrid Karina
Lobo Vivas, Anyi Lorena
Rangel Diaz, Luis Fernando
Cisneros, Lina Daniela
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo comprender las afectaciones sociales que inciden en la salud mental de las familias migrantes venezolanas del barrio La Divina Pastora de la ciudad de Cúcuta, durante los años 2020 – 2021, derivadas estas de la desintegración familiar. Para el desarrollo de la misma se utilizaron bases teóricas relacionadas con la migración como fenómeno social y su implicación en la afectación de la salud mental de las familias que migran. Como metodología investigativa se planteó el paradigma fenomenológico, el enfoque cualitativo, diseño estudio de caso único y técnicas de recolección de información relacionadas con entrevistas a profundidad y diarios de campo.
Los participantes que representaron la unidad de análisis fueron los que conforman a la familia migrante y como unidad de trabajo, se abordó desde lo investigativo a una familia migrante nuclear, con residencia permanente en la ciudad de Cúcuta por más de un año. Finalmente, el presente estudio identificó como determinantes sociales para la afectación de la salud mental a la dificultad para acceder a un trabajo digno por parte de los padres de familia. Vivienda y salud fueron otros derechos identificados como los determinantes de alteración y malestar psicológico. Así mismo, los sentimientos de tristeza, depresión, temor y pérdida de confianza en la vida se dejaron entrever con mucha fuerza en todos los integrantes de la familia investigada. Otra conclusión importante de este estudio es que la desintegración familiar producida por la migración produce en los integrantes menores de la respectiva familia una alteración emocional significativa
The present research aimed to understand the social effects that affect the mental health of Venezuelan migrant families in the La Divina Pastora neighborhood of the city of Cúcuta, during the years 2020 - 2021, derived from family disintegration. For its development, theoretical bases related to migration as a social phenomenon and its implication in affecting the mental health of migrating families were used. As investigative methodology, the phenomenological paradigm, qualitative approach, single case study design and information gathering techniques related to in-depth interviews and field diaries were proposed. The participants who represented the unit of analysis were those that make up the migrant family and as a work unit, a nuclear migrant family, with permanent residence in the city of Cúcuta for more than a year, was approached from the investigative point of view. Finally, the present study identified as social determinants for the affectation of mental health the difficulty of accessing a decent job by parents. Housing and health were other rights identified as the determinants of disturbance and psychological distress. Likewise, the feelings of sadness, depression, fear and loss of confidence in life were strongly glimpsed in all members of the investigated family. Another important conclusion of this study is that the family disintegration produced by migration produces a significant emotional alteration in the minor members of the respective family.
The present research aimed to understand the social effects that affect the mental health of Venezuelan migrant families in the La Divina Pastora neighborhood of the city of Cúcuta, during the years 2020 - 2021, derived from family disintegration. For its development, theoretical bases related to migration as a social phenomenon and its implication in affecting the mental health of migrating families were used. As investigative methodology, the phenomenological paradigm, qualitative approach, single case study design and information gathering techniques related to in-depth interviews and field diaries were proposed. The participants who represented the unit of analysis were those that make up the migrant family and as a work unit, a nuclear migrant family, with permanent residence in the city of Cúcuta for more than a year, was approached from the investigative point of view. Finally, the present study identified as social determinants for the affectation of mental health the difficulty of accessing a decent job by parents. Housing and health were other rights identified as the determinants of disturbance and psychological distress. Likewise, the feelings of sadness, depression, fear and loss of confidence in life were strongly glimpsed in all members of the investigated family. Another important conclusion of this study is that the family disintegration produced by migration produces a significant emotional alteration in the minor members of the respective family.
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Palabras clave
Migración, Familia, Afectaciones sociales, Salud mental, Migration, Family, Social effects, Mental health