The role of glycosyltransferases in colorectal cancer
Cargando...
Archivos
Fecha
2021
Autores
Fernández-Ponce, Cecilia
Geribaldi-Doldán, Noelia
Sánchez-Gomar, Ismael
Navarro Quiroz, Roberto
Atencio Ibarra, Linda
Gomez Escorcia, Lorena
Fernández-Cisnal, Ricardo
Aroca Martinez, Gustavo
García-Cózar, Francisco
Navarro Quiroz, Elkin
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
MDPI
Resumen
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer death in the world. Post-translational
modifications (PTMs) have been extensively studied in malignancies due to its relevance in
tumor pathogenesis and therapy. This review is focused on the dysregulation of glycosyltransferase
expression in CRC and its impact in cell function and in several biological pathways associated with
CRC pathogenesis, prognosis and therapeutic approaches. Glycan structures act as interface molecules
between cells and their environment and in several cases facilitate molecule function. CRC
tissue shows alterations in glycan structures decorating molecules, such as annexin-1, mucins, heat
shock protein 90 (Hsp90), β1 integrin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), epidermal growth factor
receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), transforming growth factor
beta (TGF-β) receptors, Fas (CD95), PD-L1, decorin, sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1
(SORBS1), CD147 and glycosphingolipids. All of these are described as key molecules in oncogenesis
and metastasis. Therefore, glycosylation in CRC can affect cell migration, cell–cell adhesion,
actin polymerization, mitosis, cell membrane repair, apoptosis, cell differentiation, stemness regulation,
intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, immune system regulation, T cell polarization and gut
microbiota composition; all such functions are associated with the prognosis and evolution of the
disease. According to these findings, multiple strategies have been evaluated to alter oligosaccharide
processing and to modify glycoconjugate structures in order to control CRC progression and
prevent metastasis. Additionally, immunotherapy approaches have contemplated the use of neoantigens,
generated by altered glycosylation, as targets for tumor-specific T cells or engineered CAR
(Chimeric antigen receptors) T cells.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Colorectal cancer, Glycosyl transferase, Glycosylation, Post-translational modification