Flexibilidad cognitiva y control inhibitorio en niños/as 7-10 años víctimas de conflicto armado de un colegio de Cúcuta
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Bermúdez García, Astrid Milena
Castellanos López, Oriana Fernanda
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
Los estudios en neurociencias aportan datos indispensables para comprender el desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas: flexibilidad cognitiva. Teniendo como base la inferencia de las funciones ejecutivas en el entorno del conflicto armado en Colombia de los niños y niñas en la educación. De esta misma manera, los cambios en las estructuras neurológicas en las víctimas del conflicto pueden estar correlacionados con cambios en el rendimiento en el entorno educativo permitiéndoles a los niños y niñas llevar una maduración más lenta en las funciones ejecutivas. El objetivo de la investigación es comparar el desempeño de la flexibilidad cognitiva y el control inhibitorio de acuerdo a las variables sociodemográficas de niños y niñas de 7 a 10 años de edad víctimas del conflicto armado pertenecientes a un Colegio de la Ciudad de Cúcuta. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo de diseño no experimental, utilizando una muestra compuesta por 12 niños y 15 niñas víctimas del conflicto armado; Los principales hallazgos obtenidos en las pruebas Stroop y Wisconsin por grado de escolaridad y edad no existen diferencias significativas; aunque se evidencian diferencias en la ejecución no es estadísticamente significativo. En conclusión, se tuvieron en cuenta categorías como la composición familiar, estrato socioeconómico, y los acompañantes en la vivienda de los niños y niñas, en los que se encontraron aspectos a cualificar dentro de la entrevista realizada por los psicólogos en formación. De este modo, es necesario que en futuros estudios se realicen investigaciones acentuadas en la cualificación de los datos obtenidos. Los cambios en las estructuras neurológicas en las víctimas del conflicto pueden estar correlacionados con cambios en el rendimiento en el entorno educativo permitiéndoles a los niños y niñas llevar una maduración más lenta en las FE.
Finalmente, no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en niños/as víctimas del conflicto armado de la ciudad de Cúcuta.
Neuroscience studies provide essential data to understand the development of executive functions: cognitive flexibility. Based on the inference of the executive functions in the environment of the armed conflict in Colombia of boys and girls in education. In the same way, changes in the neurological structures in the victims of the conflict may be correlated with changes in performance in the educational environment, allowing boys and girls to have a slower maturation in executive functions. The objective of the research is to compare the performance of cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control according to the sociodemographic variables of boys and girls between 7 and 10 years of age victims of the armed conflict belonging to a School of the City of Cucuta. A non-experimental design quantitative approach was used, using a sample made up of 12 boys and 15 girls victims of the armed conflict; The main findings obtained in the Stroop and Wisconsin tests by level of education and age do not show significant differences; Although there are differences in performance, it is not statistically significant. In conclusion, categories such as family composition, socioeconomic status, and companions in the children's home were taken into account, in which aspects to qualify were found within the interview conducted by psychologists in training. In this way, it is necessary that future studies be carried out with emphasis on the qualification of the data obtained. Changes in neurological structures in conflict victims may be correlated with changes in performance in the educational environment, allowing boys and girls to have a slower maturation in EF. Finally, there are no statistically significant differences in child victims of the armed conflict in the city of Cucuta.
Neuroscience studies provide essential data to understand the development of executive functions: cognitive flexibility. Based on the inference of the executive functions in the environment of the armed conflict in Colombia of boys and girls in education. In the same way, changes in the neurological structures in the victims of the conflict may be correlated with changes in performance in the educational environment, allowing boys and girls to have a slower maturation in executive functions. The objective of the research is to compare the performance of cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control according to the sociodemographic variables of boys and girls between 7 and 10 years of age victims of the armed conflict belonging to a School of the City of Cucuta. A non-experimental design quantitative approach was used, using a sample made up of 12 boys and 15 girls victims of the armed conflict; The main findings obtained in the Stroop and Wisconsin tests by level of education and age do not show significant differences; Although there are differences in performance, it is not statistically significant. In conclusion, categories such as family composition, socioeconomic status, and companions in the children's home were taken into account, in which aspects to qualify were found within the interview conducted by psychologists in training. In this way, it is necessary that future studies be carried out with emphasis on the qualification of the data obtained. Changes in neurological structures in conflict victims may be correlated with changes in performance in the educational environment, allowing boys and girls to have a slower maturation in EF. Finally, there are no statistically significant differences in child victims of the armed conflict in the city of Cucuta.
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Palabras clave
Funciones ejecutivas, Flexibilidad cognitiva, Control inhibitorio, Conflicto armado en Colombia., Executive functions, Cognitive flexibility, Inhibitory control, Armed conflict in Colombia