Caracterización clínica y metabólica de pacientes con diagnóstico de urolitiasis en una clínica de cuarto nivel en la ciudad de Barranquilla en el año 2019
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Vicente Pérez, Rafael
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud
Resumen
Introducción:La urolitiasis es una enfermedad con alta frecuencia y nuestro
medio no es la excepción, en Colombia se han publicado estudios previos, sin
embargo, estos no comparan las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de
los pacientes con las comorbilidades y factores predisponentes de litiasis como lo
son hiperuricemia, hipertensión arterial, obesidad y enfermedad renal crónica
(ERC).
Objetivos:Caracterizar clínica y metabólicamentelos pacientes con diagnóstico de
urolitiasis en una clínica de cuarto nivel de la ciudad de Barranquilla en el año
2019.
Materiales y Métodos:Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal. Se realizó
un análisis determinando medidas de tendencia central, dispersión y frecuencias
asociado a un análisis bivariado.
Resultados:Se incluyeron 49 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 58 años, el sexo
masculino en 53,1%. La mediana del índice de masa corporal fue de 26,4Kg/m2.
Se identificó hipertensión arterial en 69,4%, enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en
36,7%, infección de vías urinarias recurrente en 24,5%. Hiperuricemia en 44,9%,
hipercalcemia en 16,3% e hiperfosfatemia en 12,2%.Los tipos de cristal fueron
oxalato en 20,4%, urato en 12,2%, mezcla de los previos en 4,1% y en igual
proporción fosfato. Hipercalciuria e hiperoxaluria en 38,8%, hiperuricosuria e
hipocalciuria en 18,4%, mientras hiperfosfaturia o hipofosfaturia en 4,1%.La
hiperuricemia se asoció a edad (p=0,028), ERC (p=0,026), medicamentos
antihipertensivos (p=0,022), la posición del cálculo en cáliz renal (p= 0,012),
hiperparatiroidismo (p= 0,007), depuración de creatinina (p= 0,046) e hipercalciuria
(p= 0,049).IMC ≥30 se asoció con ERC estadio 5 (p=0,025), diálisis (p=0,025) y
hiperoxaluria (p= 0,021).
Conclusiones:Se evidencio en pacientes con urolitiasis una frecuencia
significativa de ERC, hiperuricemia, obesidad e hipertensión arterial.
Background: Urolithiasis is a disease with high frequency and our environment is no exception. Previous studies have been published in Colombia; however, they do not evaluate Caribbean regionpopulation. Objectives: to characterize clinically and metabolically patients diagnosed with urolithiasis in the clinic of La Costa in Barranquilla in 2019. Materials and Methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. An analysis was carried out determining measures of central tendency, dispersion and frequencies associated with a bivariate analysis. Results: 49 patients were included. The median age was 58 years, the male sex in 53.1%. The median body mass index was 26.4 Kg/m2. Arterial hypertension was identified in 69.4%, chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 36.7%, recurrent urinary tract infection in 24.5%. Hyperuricemia in 44.9%, hypercalcemia in 16.3% and hyperphosphatemia in 12.2%. The crystal types were oxalate in 20.4%, urate in 12.2%, mixture of the previous ones in 4.1% and in the same proportion phosphate. Hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria in 38.8%, hyperuricosuria and hypocalciuria in 18.4%, while hyperphosphaturia or hypophosphaturia in 4.1%. Hyperuricemia was associated with age (p=0.028), CKD (p=0.026), antihypertensive drugs (p=0.022), the position of the stone in renal calyx (p = 0.012), hyperparathyroidism (p=0.007), creatinine clearance (p = 0.046) and hypercalciuria (p = 0.049). BMI ≥30 was associated with stage 5 CKD (p = 0.025), dialysis (p = 0.025), and hyperoxaluria (p=0.021). Conclusions: A statistically significant relationship of urolithiasis and CKD, hyperuricemia, obesity and hypertension was evidenced. It is an analysis that allows a comparison to be made with other populations already described previously.
Background: Urolithiasis is a disease with high frequency and our environment is no exception. Previous studies have been published in Colombia; however, they do not evaluate Caribbean regionpopulation. Objectives: to characterize clinically and metabolically patients diagnosed with urolithiasis in the clinic of La Costa in Barranquilla in 2019. Materials and Methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. An analysis was carried out determining measures of central tendency, dispersion and frequencies associated with a bivariate analysis. Results: 49 patients were included. The median age was 58 years, the male sex in 53.1%. The median body mass index was 26.4 Kg/m2. Arterial hypertension was identified in 69.4%, chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 36.7%, recurrent urinary tract infection in 24.5%. Hyperuricemia in 44.9%, hypercalcemia in 16.3% and hyperphosphatemia in 12.2%. The crystal types were oxalate in 20.4%, urate in 12.2%, mixture of the previous ones in 4.1% and in the same proportion phosphate. Hypercalciuria and hyperoxaluria in 38.8%, hyperuricosuria and hypocalciuria in 18.4%, while hyperphosphaturia or hypophosphaturia in 4.1%. Hyperuricemia was associated with age (p=0.028), CKD (p=0.026), antihypertensive drugs (p=0.022), the position of the stone in renal calyx (p = 0.012), hyperparathyroidism (p=0.007), creatinine clearance (p = 0.046) and hypercalciuria (p = 0.049). BMI ≥30 was associated with stage 5 CKD (p = 0.025), dialysis (p = 0.025), and hyperoxaluria (p=0.021). Conclusions: A statistically significant relationship of urolithiasis and CKD, hyperuricemia, obesity and hypertension was evidenced. It is an analysis that allows a comparison to be made with other populations already described previously.
Descripción
Palabras clave
Urolitiasis, Estudio metabólico, Epidemiologia, Colombia, Urolithiasis, Metabolic study, Epidemiology, Colombia