Eficiencia en instituciones educativas oficiales de Básica Secundaria y Media del distrito de Cartagena (Colombia) mediante análisis envolvente de datos (DEA) entre el año 2015 y 2018
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Rodríguez Maturana, Augusto César
Arias Coronel, Erik José
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingeniería
Facultad de Ingeniería
Resumen
La eficiencia en el uso de los recursos para el logro de los objetivos educacionales es materia clave para alcanzar el desarrollo educacional. La investigación realizada se enmarca en la línea de investigación Gestión de operaciones de la Universidad Simón Bolívar en el marco de la Maestría en Ingeniería énfasis Industrial; con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo explicativo (evaluativo), analiza la eficiencia y el cambio productivo en ochenta y dos (82) instituciones educativas de Básica Secundaria y Media del sector público de la ciudad de Cartagena (Colombia), participantes en el examen estandarizado Saber 11 entre los años 2015 y 2018, en las disciplinas de matemáticas, lectura crítica, ciencias naturales, sociales ciudadanas e inglés. Para ello se ha aplicado la técnica no paramétrica del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA) con orientación Input. El cambio productivo se obtiene como índice de Malmquist-Luenberger el que se puede descomponer en cambios en la eficiencia técnica (catching-up) y cambio técnico o tecnológico (boundary shift).
La metodología propuesta se orienta a la toma de decisiones y al cambio, cuya intención se dirige a generar conocimiento, que permita delimitar los factores fundamentales que, al influir sobre el modo de gestión de las instituciones educativas, fueran susceptibles de ser empleados para mejorar la eficiencia de los mismos; en tiempos donde se perciben con un servicio de baja calidad. Los resultados generales indican un deterioro en la eficiencia técnica y en el cambio productivo (Malmquist-Luenberger), pero un avance en el cambio técnico o tecnológico en el distrito de Cartagena.
Efficiency in the use of resources to achieve educational objectives is key to achieving educational development. The research carried out is part of the Operations Management research line of the Simón Bolívar University within the framework of the Master in Engineering, Industrial emphasis; with a quantitative approach, of an explanatory (evaluative) type, it analyzes the efficiency and the productive change in eighty-two (82) educational institutions of Basic Secondary and Average of the public sector of the city of Cartagena (Colombia), participants in the standardized test Saber 11 between 2015 and 2018, in the disciplines of mathematics, critical reading, natural sciences, citizen social and English. For this, the non-parametric technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with Input orientation has been applied. Productive change is obtained as a Malmquist-Luenberger index which can be decomposed into changes in technical efficiency (catching-up) and technical or technological change (boundary shift). The proposed methodology is geared towards decision-making and change, the intention of which is to generate knowledge, which allows defining the fundamental factors that, by influencing the management mode of educational institutions, could be used to improve education. Their efficiency; in times where they are perceived with a low quality service. The general results indicate deterioration in technical efficiency and productive change (Malmquist-Luenberger), but an advance in technical or technological change in the Cartagena district.
Efficiency in the use of resources to achieve educational objectives is key to achieving educational development. The research carried out is part of the Operations Management research line of the Simón Bolívar University within the framework of the Master in Engineering, Industrial emphasis; with a quantitative approach, of an explanatory (evaluative) type, it analyzes the efficiency and the productive change in eighty-two (82) educational institutions of Basic Secondary and Average of the public sector of the city of Cartagena (Colombia), participants in the standardized test Saber 11 between 2015 and 2018, in the disciplines of mathematics, critical reading, natural sciences, citizen social and English. For this, the non-parametric technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with Input orientation has been applied. Productive change is obtained as a Malmquist-Luenberger index which can be decomposed into changes in technical efficiency (catching-up) and technical or technological change (boundary shift). The proposed methodology is geared towards decision-making and change, the intention of which is to generate knowledge, which allows defining the fundamental factors that, by influencing the management mode of educational institutions, could be used to improve education. Their efficiency; in times where they are perceived with a low quality service. The general results indicate deterioration in technical efficiency and productive change (Malmquist-Luenberger), but an advance in technical or technological change in the Cartagena district.
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Palabras clave
Educación, Calidad, Eficiencia, Análisis envolvente de datos, Índice de Malmquist, Cambio en productividad, Education, Quality, Efficiency, Data envelopment analysis, Malmquist index, Change in productivity