Modelo de simulación de inventario para estudiar el comportamiento de los productos en el tiempo y determinar altos niveles de servicio
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Fecha
2020
Autores
Gil Herrera, Raiza Milena
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ingenierías
Facultad de Ingenierías
Resumen
Usualmente, las pequeñas y medianas organizaciones presentan diferentes problemas en su abastecimiento que en ocasiones les imposibilita obtener óptimos niveles en la prestación de servicio, para esto, existen modelos aplicables en la administración de inventarios que con los cuales lograr valorar los riesgos desde el análisis, planificación y planteamiento de una política de inventarios logrando mitigar la ocurrencia de dichas situaciones adversas.
En el presente proyecto se propone un modelo de simulación de inventario en el que se analiza la situación y comportamiento actual de los niveles de reposición en tres productos seleccionados que nombraremos 1, 2 y 3 con demanda discreta independiente, aleatoria, basado en datos estadísticos históricos en una compañía distribuidora de utensilios plásticos, empresa perteneciente al sector comercial ubicada en la ciudad de Sincelejo. Se analizará sobre esta muestra ya que son las
3 referencias con mayor movimiento en la distribuidora quien vende al mayor y detal cada uno de los productos que ofrece.
La simulación es una metodología que se aplica para aprender acerca de un sistema real prototipando un modelo con base a éste, permite explorar en diferentes aspectos y plantear posibles soluciones contribuyendo a la toma de decisiones en la compañía, ya que es posible incorporar diferentes aspectos con base en un muestreo aleatorio, imitaciones repetidas, pronosticar la demanda para la administración y la definición de una política de inventarios, mediante la experimentación con el fin de emular sistemas complejos.
Usually, small and medium-sized companies face different problems regarding the supply of their goods that sometimes renders it impossible for them to get to the optimum levels for the provision of service. For this purpose, there are applicable inventory management models of estimating risks from the analysis, planning and approach to an inventory policy which allow the mitigation of adverse situations. In this project, an inventory simulation model is proposed in which will be analyzed the current situation and performance of the replacement levels in three selected products -1, 2 and 3- and the random discrete demand, based on historical statistical data. Such products correspond to a plastic utensils distribution company that belongs to the commercial sector located in Sincelejo. The analysis will be about these products since they are the distributor´s products with the greatest movement. Simulation is a methodology that is applied to learn about a real system by prototyping a model based on it. Simulation allows to explore different perspective and aspects and to propose possible solutions to a problem, contributing with the decision-making of the companies. The latter because this methodology allows to incorporate in the equation aspects such as random sampling and repeated imitations, to forecast the demand for company´s management, and to define an inventory policy, through experimentation to emulate complex systems.
Usually, small and medium-sized companies face different problems regarding the supply of their goods that sometimes renders it impossible for them to get to the optimum levels for the provision of service. For this purpose, there are applicable inventory management models of estimating risks from the analysis, planning and approach to an inventory policy which allow the mitigation of adverse situations. In this project, an inventory simulation model is proposed in which will be analyzed the current situation and performance of the replacement levels in three selected products -1, 2 and 3- and the random discrete demand, based on historical statistical data. Such products correspond to a plastic utensils distribution company that belongs to the commercial sector located in Sincelejo. The analysis will be about these products since they are the distributor´s products with the greatest movement. Simulation is a methodology that is applied to learn about a real system by prototyping a model based on it. Simulation allows to explore different perspective and aspects and to propose possible solutions to a problem, contributing with the decision-making of the companies. The latter because this methodology allows to incorporate in the equation aspects such as random sampling and repeated imitations, to forecast the demand for company´s management, and to define an inventory policy, through experimentation to emulate complex systems.
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Palabras clave
Logística, Simulación de inventarios, Costos de retención, Política de inventario, Costos de retención, Costo de ordenar, Política de inventario, Niveles de servicio, Logistics, Inventory simulation, Inventory policy, Retention costs, Order cost, Service standards