Protección jurídica de la integridad moral a partir del uso de las redes sociales en Colombia entre 2016-2019
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Fecha
2020-04
Autores
García Consuegra, Gabriela
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La implementación de la teoría de desarrollo e integradora de la globalización trajo consigo el amplio auge del mundo de las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación que han generado grandes avances al conocimiento. No obstante, uno de los avances son las redes sociales concebidas como estructuras por internet donde los individuos comparten momentos de su vida personal, familiar, interactuando así, en el mundo social. Ahora bien, dentro del contexto de las redes sociales, éstas se han caracterizado por la desregulación y falta de control y vigilancia real que debe ser auspiciado por las mismas autoridades por su utilización y explotación, por otro lado, se encuentra el control real y efectivo que deben tener en cuenta los mismos usuarios frente a éstas. Estas fallas, de alguna manera son las causantes que colocan en vilo la acción efectiva del Estado en la persecución de delitos como el de la injuria y calumnia. Por lo anterior el problema jurídico se formula con la pregunta científica ¿Cuál es la protección jurídica de la integridad moral a partir del uso de las redes sociales en Colombia entre el periodo 2016-2019? Y se sistematiza de la siguiente manera:
• ¿Cuáles son los elementos estructurales de los tipos penales injuria y calumnia en Colombia?
• ¿Cuáles son los alcances y límites del derecho a la libre expresión?
• ¿Cuáles con las consideraciones jurisprudenciales relacionadas con el derecho a la libre expresión y los tipos penales injuria y calumnia?
• ¿Cuál el proceso de rectificación como garante de los derechos al buen nombre y honra? A partir de uso de las redes sociales en Colombia se han connotados situaciones donde los derechos constitucionales fundamentales al buen nombre y a la honra se encuentran amenazados o vulnerados. Como consecuencia el objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es Analizar la protección jurídica en la injuria y la calumnia a partir del uso de las redes sociales, para lo cual se hizo necesario cumplir el siguiente plan de trabajo:
• Identificar los elementos estructurales del tipo penal de los delitos de injuria y calumnia.
• Determinar los límites y alcances del derecho a la libertad de expresión en redes sociales.
• Analizar las consideraciones jurisprudenciales relacionadas con el derecho a la libre expresión y los tipos penales de injuria y calumnia.
• Analizar el proceso de rectificación como garante de los derechos al buen nombre y honra. La justificación del trabajo de investigación se enmarca alrededor de los derechos de la libertad de expresión, honra, buen nombre categorías fundamentales en el desarrollo del ser humano y que con el auge de las tecnologías de la información son susceptibles de su vulneración. Con la llegada de redes y plataformas digitales con mucha frecuencia se coloca en riesgo el buen nombre y la honra de las personas. El trabajo de investigación bajo un enfoque paradigmático del histórico hermenéutico reconoce el método inductivo cuando parte de lo particular a lo general y utiliza la técnica de recolección de información que exige el diseño y construcción de fichas textuales y de resumen. A manera de síntesis se presentan algunos hallazgos teóricos: La injuria y calumnia tienen elementos estructurales comunes, pero son dos conductas atípicas diferentes, ha surgido la necesidad prioritaria de determinar los límites y alcances de la libertad de expresión para garantizar su auténtica constitucionalización de los Derechos, existe todo un entramado del orden jurisprudencial que protege los derechos al buen nombre y la honra y los proceso de rectificación son garante de los derechos constitucionales, se identificó que cada decisión judicial presenta las condiciones propias del proceso de rectificación, pero en el mismo puedo afirmar que tienen elementos comunes. Se sugiere que desde las disposiciones legales se debe normalizar el proceso de rectificación para garantizar la protección judicial al buen nombre y a la honra.
The implementation of the theory of development and integrator of globalization brought will obtain the wide boom of the world of information and communication technologies that have generated great advances in knowledge. However, one of the advances is social networks conceived as internet as internet structures where individuals have moments of their personal, family life thus interacting, in the social world. Now, within the context of social network, identify have been modified by deregulation and lack of control and real surveillance that must be sponsored by the same authorities for their use and exploitation on the other hand, find the real and effective control that they must take into account the same users in front of them. These failures, in some way, are the causes that put in suspense the effective action of the State in the prosecution of crimes such as injury and slander. Therefore, the legal problem is formulated with the scientific question: What is the legal protection of moral integrity from the use of social networks in Colombia between 2016-2019? And it is systematized as fallows: • What are the structural elements of the criminal types of libel and slander in Colombia? • What are the scope and limits of the right to free expressions? • What with the jurisprudential considerations related to the right to free expression and the criminal types of libel and slander? • What is the rectification process as guarantor of the rights to a good name and honor? Since the use of social networks in Colombia, situations have been connoted where the fundamental constitutional rights to good name and honor are threatened or violated. As a consequence, the objective of this research work is to analyze the legal protection in libel and slander from the use of social networks, for which it was necessary to comply with the following work plan: • Identify the structural elements of the criminal type of offenses of libel and slander. • Determine the limits and scope of the right to freedom of expression on social networks. • Analyze the jurisprudential considerations related to the right to free expression and the criminal types of injury and slander. • Analyze the rectification process as guarantor of the rights to good name and honor. The justification of the research work is framed around the rights of freedom of expression, honor, good name, fundamental categories in the development of the human being and that with the rise of information technologies are susceptible to violation. With the advent of digital networks and plattorms, the good name and honor of people are very often at risk. The research work under a paradigmatic approach of the historical hermeneutic recognizes the inductive method when it starts from the particular to the general and uses the information gathering technique that requires the design and construction of textual and summary cards. By way of synthesis, some theoretical findings are presented: Injury and slander have common structural elements, but they are two different atypical behaviors, the priority need has emerged to determine the limits and scope of freedom of expression to guarantee their authentic constitutionalization of Rights, there is a whole framework of jurisprudential order that protects the rights to a good name and honor and the rectification processes are guarantors of constitutional rights, it was identified that each judicial decision presents the conditions of the rectification process, but in the same I can affirm that they have common elements. It is suggested that from the legal provisions the rectification process should be normalized to guarantee judicial protection for good name and honor.
The implementation of the theory of development and integrator of globalization brought will obtain the wide boom of the world of information and communication technologies that have generated great advances in knowledge. However, one of the advances is social networks conceived as internet as internet structures where individuals have moments of their personal, family life thus interacting, in the social world. Now, within the context of social network, identify have been modified by deregulation and lack of control and real surveillance that must be sponsored by the same authorities for their use and exploitation on the other hand, find the real and effective control that they must take into account the same users in front of them. These failures, in some way, are the causes that put in suspense the effective action of the State in the prosecution of crimes such as injury and slander. Therefore, the legal problem is formulated with the scientific question: What is the legal protection of moral integrity from the use of social networks in Colombia between 2016-2019? And it is systematized as fallows: • What are the structural elements of the criminal types of libel and slander in Colombia? • What are the scope and limits of the right to free expressions? • What with the jurisprudential considerations related to the right to free expression and the criminal types of libel and slander? • What is the rectification process as guarantor of the rights to a good name and honor? Since the use of social networks in Colombia, situations have been connoted where the fundamental constitutional rights to good name and honor are threatened or violated. As a consequence, the objective of this research work is to analyze the legal protection in libel and slander from the use of social networks, for which it was necessary to comply with the following work plan: • Identify the structural elements of the criminal type of offenses of libel and slander. • Determine the limits and scope of the right to freedom of expression on social networks. • Analyze the jurisprudential considerations related to the right to free expression and the criminal types of injury and slander. • Analyze the rectification process as guarantor of the rights to good name and honor. The justification of the research work is framed around the rights of freedom of expression, honor, good name, fundamental categories in the development of the human being and that with the rise of information technologies are susceptible to violation. With the advent of digital networks and plattorms, the good name and honor of people are very often at risk. The research work under a paradigmatic approach of the historical hermeneutic recognizes the inductive method when it starts from the particular to the general and uses the information gathering technique that requires the design and construction of textual and summary cards. By way of synthesis, some theoretical findings are presented: Injury and slander have common structural elements, but they are two different atypical behaviors, the priority need has emerged to determine the limits and scope of freedom of expression to guarantee their authentic constitutionalization of Rights, there is a whole framework of jurisprudential order that protects the rights to a good name and honor and the rectification processes are guarantors of constitutional rights, it was identified that each judicial decision presents the conditions of the rectification process, but in the same I can affirm that they have common elements. It is suggested that from the legal provisions the rectification process should be normalized to guarantee judicial protection for good name and honor.
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Palabras clave
Protección Jurídica, Injuria, Calumnia, Redes Sociales, Legal Protection, Injury, Slander, Social Networks