Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Adiponectin and Leptin: A Potential Source of Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease
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Fecha
2020
Autores
D’Marco, Luis
Puchades, Maria Jesús
Gorriz, Jose Luis
Romero-Parra, Maria
Lima-Martínez, Marcos
Soto, Carlos
Bermúdez, Valmore
Raggi, Paolo
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MDPI
Resumen
The importance of cardiometabolic factors in the inception and progression of atherosclerotic
cardiovascular disease is increasingly being recognized. Beyond diabetes mellitus and metabolic
syndrome, other factors may be responsible in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) for the
high prevalence of cardiovascular disease, which is estimated to be 5- to 20-fold higher than in the
general population. Although undefined uremic toxins are often blamed for part of the increased
risk, visceral adipose tissue, and in particular epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), have been the focus of
intense research in the past two decades. In fact, several lines of evidence suggest their involvement
in atherosclerosis development and its complications. EAT may promote atherosclerosis through
paracrine and endocrine pathways exerted via the secretion of adipocytokines such as adiponectin
and leptin. In this article we review the current knowledge of the impact of EAT on cardiovascular
outcomes in the general population and in patients with CKD. Special reference will be made to
adiponectin and leptin as possible mediators of the increased cardiovascular risk linked with EAT.
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Palabras clave
Adiponectin, Leptin, Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Cardiovascular disease