Comportamiento epidemiológico de las dislipidemias en pacientes del Instituto de Investigaciones Endocrino-Metabólicas Dr. Félix Gómez, Venezuela
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Fecha
2019
Autores
Gotera, Jennifer Lucila
Valero, Nereida Josefina
Ávila, Ayari Guadalupe
Mosquera, Jesús Alberto
Linares, Johan Carlos
Amell de Diaz, Anilsa
Chacín-González, Maricarmen
Bermúdez, Valmore
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Cooperativa servicios y suministros 212518 RS
Resumen
Introducción: Las dislipidemias constituyen un factor de riesgo cardiovascular esencial en el desarrollo de la aterosclerosis. Objetivo: Estudiar las alteraciones lipídicas en individuos adultos de un centro de atención endocrino-metabólico.
Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, no experimental, y transversal. Se evaluaron 214 individuos mayores de 18 años, a los cuales se les determinó niveles séricos de colesterol total, triacilglicéridos, y HDL-c por métodos convencionales. El LDL-c y las VLDL-c se calcularon por las ecuaciones de Friedewald. Si los TAG fueron mayores a 400 mg/dL la concentración de LDL-c se determinó de forma directa. Las variables se expresaron en frecuencias absolutas y relativas, Media ± Desviación estándar, y como prueba de hipótesis la prueba t de Student según el caso, aceptándose
un valor de p<0,05 como estadísticamente significativo. Resultados: El 78% de la muestra correspondió al sexo femenino. La media aritmética de la edad fue de 50,22± 16,4 años. La prevalencia general de dislipidemias fue del 86,9% (n=214), siendo del 91,6% en las mujeres y del 70,2% en los hombres; solo el 13,0% (n=28) de los individuos fueron eulipémicos. La frecuencia de las dislipidemias observadas fue: LDL-c elevado aislado 24,7%, Hipertriacilgliceridemia aislada 18,2%, Hipertriacilgliceridemia con HDL-c Bajas 13,5%, Dislipidemia Mixta 13,5%. Conclusión: La alta prevalencia de dislipidemias en los pacientes estudiados es característica de un centro para la atención de estas patologías, observándose una prevalencia elevada de HDL-c bajas e Hipertriacilgliceridemia. Estos resultados justifican la determinación de lípidos séricos para identificar de manera temprana y oportuna este conjunto de alteraciones con la finalidad de prevenir potenciales
complicaciones cardiometabólicas.
Introduction: Dyslipidemias constitute an essential cardiovascular risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis. Objective: To study the lipid alterations in adult individuals of a center of endocrine-metabolic attention. Methods: Descriptive, non-experimental, and cross-sectional study. We evaluated 214 individuals older than 18 years, who were determined serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerides, and HDL-c by conventional methods. The LDL-c and the VLDL-c were calculated by the Friedewald equations. If the TAG was greater than 400 mg/dL, the LDL-c concentration was determined directly. The variables were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies, mean±standard deviation, and as a hypothesis test the Student t test according to the case, accepting a p<0.05 as statistically significant. Results: 78% of the sample corresponded to the female sex. The arithmetic mean of age was 50.22 ± 16.4 years. The general prevalence of dyslipidemias was 86.9% (n=214), being 91.6% in women and 70.2% in men; only 13.0% (n=28) of the individuals were eulipemic. The frequency of the dyslipidemias observed was: isolated high LDL-c 24.7%, isolated hyperthercylglyceridemia 18.2%, hyperthercylglyceridemia with low HDL-c 13.5%, mixed dyslipidemia 13.5%. Conclusion: The high prevalence of dyslipidemias in the studied patients is characteristic of a center for the attention of these pathologies, being observed a high prevalence of low HDL-c and Hypertriacilgliceridemia. These results justify the determination of serum lipids to identify early and timely this set of alterations before potential cardiometabolic complications.
Introduction: Dyslipidemias constitute an essential cardiovascular risk factor in the development of atherosclerosis. Objective: To study the lipid alterations in adult individuals of a center of endocrine-metabolic attention. Methods: Descriptive, non-experimental, and cross-sectional study. We evaluated 214 individuals older than 18 years, who were determined serum levels of total cholesterol, triacylglycerides, and HDL-c by conventional methods. The LDL-c and the VLDL-c were calculated by the Friedewald equations. If the TAG was greater than 400 mg/dL, the LDL-c concentration was determined directly. The variables were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies, mean±standard deviation, and as a hypothesis test the Student t test according to the case, accepting a p<0.05 as statistically significant. Results: 78% of the sample corresponded to the female sex. The arithmetic mean of age was 50.22 ± 16.4 years. The general prevalence of dyslipidemias was 86.9% (n=214), being 91.6% in women and 70.2% in men; only 13.0% (n=28) of the individuals were eulipemic. The frequency of the dyslipidemias observed was: isolated high LDL-c 24.7%, isolated hyperthercylglyceridemia 18.2%, hyperthercylglyceridemia with low HDL-c 13.5%, mixed dyslipidemia 13.5%. Conclusion: The high prevalence of dyslipidemias in the studied patients is characteristic of a center for the attention of these pathologies, being observed a high prevalence of low HDL-c and Hypertriacilgliceridemia. These results justify the determination of serum lipids to identify early and timely this set of alterations before potential cardiometabolic complications.
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Palabras clave
Dislipidemia, Lipoproteínas, Triacilglicéridos, Colesterol, Enfermedad cardiovascular, Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular disease