Seroreactividad y prevalencia de infección por sífilis en donantes de un banco de sangre de la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia
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Fecha
2018-08
Autores
Martínez-Garcés, Juan Carlos
Macías-Vidal, Michael
Maestre-Serrano, Ronald
Ávila-de la Hoz, Ricardo
Navarro-Jiménez, Eduardo
Bula-Viecco, Johan
Ricaurte-Barrera, Lisbeth
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Instituto Nacional de Salud
Resumen
Introducción. La sífilis es un evento de interés en salud pública por su alto impacto en morbilidad y mortalidad.
Objetivo. Determinar la seroreactividad y seroprevalencia de infección por sífilis de acuerdo a variables sociodemográficas en donantes de un banco de sangre del distrito de Barranquilla, Colombia, durante los años 2015 y 2016.
Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, basado en los resultados de las pruebas treponémicas y no treponémicas; y se analizaron las variables sociodemográficas de la población estudiada. Se realizó análisis univariado en el que se determinó la frecuencia absoluta y relativa para cada una de las variables categóricas. Se determinó la seroreactividad contra T. pallidum y la prevalencia de la infección activa por sífilis. Se utilizó la prueba χ2 (Chi-cuadrado) de Pearson para evaluar las diferencias entre las proporciones.
Resultados. Se encontró una seroreactividad de 1,86 % para infección previa con T. pallidum y una prevalencia de 0,93 % para infección activa. Estas se encontraron más altas en hombres adultos y adultos mayores, viudos, desempleados y personas residentes en municipios del departamento de Atlántico diferente a Barranquilla y su área metropolitana. Se encontró asociación significativa entre la infección por sífilis y las variables sexo y ocupación.
Conclusión: se encontró alta seroreactividad de sífilis en donantes de sangre al compararla con el promedio nacional. Se encontró asociación entre la infección por sífilis y variables sociodemográficas tales como sexo y ocupación principalmente.
Introduction: Syphilis is an event of interest in public health due to its high impact on morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the seroreactivity and seroprevalence of infection by syphilis according to sociodemographic variables in donors of a blood bank in the district of Barranquilla (Colombia), during 2015 and 2016. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried, based on the results of the treponemal and non-treponemal tests; as well as the analysis of sociodemographic variables of the population studied. Univariate analysis was performed in which the absolute and relative frequency for each of the categorical variables was determined. The seroreactivity against T. pallidum and the prevalence of active syphilis infection were determined. The χ2 (Chi-square) test of Pearson was used to evaluate the differences between the proportions. Results: A seroreactivity of 1,86% was found for previous infection with T. pallidum and a 0,93% prevalence for active infection. The highest values were found in adult men and elderly, widowed, unemployed and people living in municipalities of the department of Atlántico different from Barranquilla and its metropolitan area. A significant association was found between syphilis infection and sex and occupation variables. Conclusion: High seroreactivity for syphilis was found in blood donors when compared to the national average. An association between syphilis infection and sociodemographic variables such as sex and occupation was found.
Introduction: Syphilis is an event of interest in public health due to its high impact on morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the seroreactivity and seroprevalence of infection by syphilis according to sociodemographic variables in donors of a blood bank in the district of Barranquilla (Colombia), during 2015 and 2016. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried, based on the results of the treponemal and non-treponemal tests; as well as the analysis of sociodemographic variables of the population studied. Univariate analysis was performed in which the absolute and relative frequency for each of the categorical variables was determined. The seroreactivity against T. pallidum and the prevalence of active syphilis infection were determined. The χ2 (Chi-square) test of Pearson was used to evaluate the differences between the proportions. Results: A seroreactivity of 1,86% was found for previous infection with T. pallidum and a 0,93% prevalence for active infection. The highest values were found in adult men and elderly, widowed, unemployed and people living in municipalities of the department of Atlántico different from Barranquilla and its metropolitan area. A significant association was found between syphilis infection and sex and occupation variables. Conclusion: High seroreactivity for syphilis was found in blood donors when compared to the national average. An association between syphilis infection and sociodemographic variables such as sex and occupation was found.
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Palabras clave
Sífilis, Treponema pallidum, Donantes de sangre, Estudios seroepidemiológicos, Bancos de sangre, Syphilis, Blood donors, Seroepidemiologic studies, Blood banks