Caracterización sociodemográficas, hábitos alimentarios y actividad física de estudiantes de primaria de una institución educativa pública del sector urbano
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Fecha
2018
Autores
Montenegro Rivera, Carelys Milagro
Martínez Merlo, Jorge Andrés
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Editor
Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica
Resumen
Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo principal caracterizar
los datos sociodemográficos, hábitos alimentarios y
actividad física de estudiantes de primaria en una institución
pública urbana de la ciudad de Barranquilla-Colombia.
Métodos y materiales: Se diseñó un estudio descriptivotransversal
con enfoque cuantitativo, en 77 niños y niñas de
primero a quinto de primaria de una institución educativa ubicada
en el sector urbano durante el período de enero a junio
del 2017. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de una encuesta,
diseñada por los investigadores y avalada por expertos en
diversas áreas donde se encontraban consignadas las variables
a estudiar. Los datos se analizaron con ayudad de una
matriz previamente realizada para su análisis.
Resultados: Se evidenció que el sexo predominante (59,7%)
fue el femenino, con una mayor prevalencia (40,2%) en edades
entre los 8 y 9 años de los cuales un alto porcentaje
pertenecían al estrato 3 y 4 (50,7%), el 87% estaba vinculado
a algún régimen. De los niños y niñas afiliados, el mayor
porcentaje (50,8%) era del régimen subsidiado. Los niños
y niñas consumen regularmente durante la semana, frutas
(75,3%) y verduras (61%). El 22% van al colegio sin desayunar.
El 76,6% come golosinas y/o caramelos varias veces
al día. Se observó además que el mayor porcentaje (84,4%)
de niños y niñas realizaban algún tipo de actividad física con
una dedicación de tiempo de 1-2 días a la semana (49,2%)
el tipo de actividad física que más desempeñaban en mayor
grado era el fútbol (49,2%).
Conclusiones: La cultura de hábitos saludables es fundamental
impartirse desde la niñez para lograr un desarrollo
integral en el escolar; que apoyen la disminución de indicadores
de padecimiento de enfermedades cardiovasculares
en la etapa adulta.
Objetive: The aim of the present study was to characterize the sociodemographic data, eating habits and physical activity of elementary students in a school in Barranquilla-Colombia. Methods and materials: A descriptive-cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was designed in 77 boys and girls from first to fifth grade of a school in Barranquilla-Colombia during the period from January to June 2017. The data was obtained through a survey, designed by the researchers where the variables to be studied were recorded. The data was analyzed in the Excel 2010 program. Results: It was evidenced that the predominant sex (59.7%) was female, with a higher prevalence (40.2%) in ages between 8 and 9 years of age, of which a high percentage belonged to stratum 3 and 4 (50,7%). 87% was linked to some regime. Of the children affiliated, the highest percentage (50.8%) was of the subsidized regime. Children consume regularly during the week, fruits (75.3%) and vegetables (61%). 22% went to school without breakfast; 76.6% ate sweets and/or candies several times a day. It was observed that the highest percentage (84.4%) of boys and girls performed some type of physical activity with a time commitment of 1-2 days a week (49.2%), the type of physical activity that they performed the most was soccer (49.2%). Conclusions: The culture of healthy habits is fundamental to impart from childhood to achieve a comprehensive development in the child. This will decrease the development of cardiovascular diseases in the adult stage.
Objetive: The aim of the present study was to characterize the sociodemographic data, eating habits and physical activity of elementary students in a school in Barranquilla-Colombia. Methods and materials: A descriptive-cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was designed in 77 boys and girls from first to fifth grade of a school in Barranquilla-Colombia during the period from January to June 2017. The data was obtained through a survey, designed by the researchers where the variables to be studied were recorded. The data was analyzed in the Excel 2010 program. Results: It was evidenced that the predominant sex (59.7%) was female, with a higher prevalence (40.2%) in ages between 8 and 9 years of age, of which a high percentage belonged to stratum 3 and 4 (50,7%). 87% was linked to some regime. Of the children affiliated, the highest percentage (50.8%) was of the subsidized regime. Children consume regularly during the week, fruits (75.3%) and vegetables (61%). 22% went to school without breakfast; 76.6% ate sweets and/or candies several times a day. It was observed that the highest percentage (84.4%) of boys and girls performed some type of physical activity with a time commitment of 1-2 days a week (49.2%), the type of physical activity that they performed the most was soccer (49.2%). Conclusions: The culture of healthy habits is fundamental to impart from childhood to achieve a comprehensive development in the child. This will decrease the development of cardiovascular diseases in the adult stage.
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Palabras clave
Conducta alimentaria, Ejercicio, Niños, Estudiantes, Food behavior, Exercise, Children, Students