La actividad física de ocio como factor protector para la obesidad en la población adulta del área rural de Quingeo, Cuenca-Ecuador
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Fecha
2018
Autores
Ortiz, Rina
Bermúdez, Valmore
Torres, Maritza
Guzmán Lozada, Juan Alfonso
Valdiviezo Romero, Alfredo Javier
Castillo Cueva, Oscar Leonardo
Palacios Silva, Kelly Viviana
Espinoza Diaz, Cristóbal Ignacio
Valle Proaño, Christian Andrés
Chimbo Oyaque, Cristina Elizabeth
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Sociedad Venezolana de Farmacología Clínica y Terapéutica
Resumen
Introducción: La obesidad se considera una epidemia global,
cuya prevalencia se estima que aumente drásticamente en los
próximos años. Por otra parte, la actividad física ha demostrado
múltiples beneficios, entre los cuales se encuentran el ser
un factor protector de riesgo cardiometabólico. Sin embargo
en las parroquias rurales de Cuenca-Ecuador no se ha evaluado
el impacto que tiene la actividad física sobre la obesidad.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de campo, descriptivo
y transversal en 530 individuos mayores a 18 años de
ambos sexos residentes en la parroquia Quingeo de la ciudad
de Cuenca, Provincia del Azuay. La actividad física fue
evaluada mediante el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad
Física (IPAQ), dividiéndose en actividad física de hogar, trabajo,
transporte y tiempo de ocio. Se clasificó a su vez según
el promedio de equivalentes metabólicos obtenidos (METs)
en alta o baja para cada dominio. Se realizó una regresión
logística para obesidad ajustada por: sexo, grupo etario, estatus
laboral, hábito tabáquico, alcohólico, caféico, actividad
física de trabajo, transporte, hogar y ocio.
Resultados: El 17,7% tuvo obesidad, siendo mayor en las
mujeres (20,4%) comparado a los hombres (13,8%). La actividad
física de ocio mostró una diferencia estadísticamente
significativa entre obesos [0 (0-1039) METs/min/sem] y no
obesos [346 (0-1386) METs/min/sem] (p=0,005). Los factores
que mostraron mayor influencia para la obesidad fueron el
sexo femenino (OR=1,78; IC95%: 1,01-3,17; p=0,048); edad
de 45 a 65 años (OR=1,79; IC95%: 1,05-2,94; p=0,031), edad
mayor a 65 años (OR=2,09; IC95%: 1,06-4,09; p=0,032); y la
actividad física de ocio se comportó como un factor de protección
para obesidad (OR=0,46; IC95%: 0,22-1,45; p=0,038).
Conclusión: La actividad física en tiempo de ocio, se comporta
como un factor protector para la obesidad en las parroquias
rurales, siendo necesaria su recomendación a la población
adulta general así como a los pacientes en riesgo de las
consultas de atención primaria.
Introduction: Obesity is considered as a global epidemic, which is growing fast and with a prevalence that is estimated to rise in the next years. On the other hand, physical activity has demonstrated multiple benefits, including being a cardiovascular risk protective factor. However, the impact of physical activity in obesity has not been evaluated in the rural parishes of Cuenca-Ecuador. Materials and methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional field study was performed in 530 individuals residing in the Quingeo parish of the city of Cuenca, Azuay Province. Physical activity was evaluated through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), which evaluated physical activity at home, work, transportation and leisure time. It was also classified according to the metabolic equivalents mean (METs), in high or low for each domain. A logistic regression for obesity was performed adjusting for: sex, age group, working status, smoking habit, drinking habit, coffee intake, physical activity at work, in transportations, at home and in leisure time. Results: 17.7% of the population was obese, being higher in women (20.4%) compared to men (13.8%). Leisure physical activity showed a statistically significant difference between obese [0 (0-1039) METs/min/week] and non-obese [346 (0- 1386) METs/min/week] (p=0.005). The factors that showed the greatest influence for obesity were the female sex (OR=1.78, 95%CI:1.01-3.17, p=0.048), age 45 to 65 years (OR=1.79, 95%CI:1.05-2.94, p=0.031), age over 65 years (OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.06-4.09; p=0.032); and leisure physical activity behaved as a protection factor for obesity (OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.22-1.45, p=0.038). Conclusion: Physical activity in leisure time behaves as a protective factor for obesity in rural parishes. It is necessary to recommend physical activity to the general adult population as well as to patients at risk, during the primary attention medical consult.
Introduction: Obesity is considered as a global epidemic, which is growing fast and with a prevalence that is estimated to rise in the next years. On the other hand, physical activity has demonstrated multiple benefits, including being a cardiovascular risk protective factor. However, the impact of physical activity in obesity has not been evaluated in the rural parishes of Cuenca-Ecuador. Materials and methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional field study was performed in 530 individuals residing in the Quingeo parish of the city of Cuenca, Azuay Province. Physical activity was evaluated through the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), which evaluated physical activity at home, work, transportation and leisure time. It was also classified according to the metabolic equivalents mean (METs), in high or low for each domain. A logistic regression for obesity was performed adjusting for: sex, age group, working status, smoking habit, drinking habit, coffee intake, physical activity at work, in transportations, at home and in leisure time. Results: 17.7% of the population was obese, being higher in women (20.4%) compared to men (13.8%). Leisure physical activity showed a statistically significant difference between obese [0 (0-1039) METs/min/week] and non-obese [346 (0- 1386) METs/min/week] (p=0.005). The factors that showed the greatest influence for obesity were the female sex (OR=1.78, 95%CI:1.01-3.17, p=0.048), age 45 to 65 years (OR=1.79, 95%CI:1.05-2.94, p=0.031), age over 65 years (OR=2.09, 95%CI: 1.06-4.09; p=0.032); and leisure physical activity behaved as a protection factor for obesity (OR=0.46, 95%CI: 0.22-1.45, p=0.038). Conclusion: Physical activity in leisure time behaves as a protective factor for obesity in rural parishes. It is necessary to recommend physical activity to the general adult population as well as to patients at risk, during the primary attention medical consult.
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Palabras clave
Actividad física, Obesidad, Ocio, IPAQ, Physical activity, Leisure time, Obesity, IPAQ