Aumento del malondialdehido y óxido nítrico en pacientes con EPOC
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Fecha
2017
Autores
Silva Paredes, Carlos
Bello, Luis
Linares, Sergia
Bermúdez, Valmore
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Introducción: La enfermedad pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica
(EPOC) es una entidad caracterizada por la persistencia
de síntomas respiratorios y limitación del flujo aéreo debido
anormalidades en la vía aérea y/o en los alvéolos debido
principalmente al hábito tabáquico, así como, la exposición
a biomasas, gases nocivos, vapores, contaminación del aire
ambiental entre otros factores. Su fisiopatología se fundamenta
en un proceso inflamatorio crónico y estrés oxidativo
que condicionan a la degeneración y remodelación de la matriz
extracelular.
Objetivos: Determinar el comportamiento de los niveles de
Malondialdehido (MDA) y Óxido Nítrico (ON) como indicadores
del perfil oxidativo en pacientes con EPOC estable,
exacerbada y en individuos sanos.
Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio exploratorio,
descriptivo, transversal, cuya selección de individuos fue a
través de un muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Se establecieron
3 grupos de trabajo: pacientes con EPOC estable,
EPOC exacerbado y grupo control (individuos sanos sin antecedente
de hábito tabáquico). Se seleccionaron aquellos
pacientes mayores de 40 años con diagnóstico de EPOC
confirmado por criterios clínicos y espirométrico, que asistieron
a la consulta de Neumonología o a la Unidad de Cuidados
Respiratorios del Hospital General del Sur “Dr Pedro
Iturbe”, Maracaibo – Estado. Zulia, en el período de septiembre
de 2012 a mayo 2013. Las variables fueron expresadas
en medidas absolutas y relativas (variables cualitativas), y
media aritmética ± desviación estándar (variables cuantitativas),
realizándose comparaciones estadísticas mediante la
prueba T de Student (2 grupos) o ANOVA con test post-hoc
de Bonferroni (3 o más grupos), así mismo Test de correlación
de Pearson. Se consideró un valor de p < 0,05 como
estadísticamente significativo.
Resultados: Muestra general conformada por 90 pacientes:
45 masculinos y 45 femeninos. MDA promedio de 0,99±0,44
mM, evidenciándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas
entre Grupo control (0,85±0,34 mM) vs Grupo EPOC Estable
(1,16±0,59 mM). Oxido nítrico promedio de 41,87±6,34
mM evidenciándose diferencias estadísticamente significativas
entre Grupo control (37,17±2,65) vs EPOC Estable
(42,93±6,37 mM) y Grupo control vs EPOC exacerbado
(45,50±6,15 mM)
Conclusión: El perfil oxidativo en los pacientes con EPOC
esta elevado, siendo el ON el que mayor se relaciona con el
hábito tabáquico y con el tiempo de evolución de la enfermedad.
Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an entity characterized by the persistence of respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to abnormalities in the airway and / or alveoli mainly due to smoking, as well as exposure to biomass, Harmful gases, vapors, environmental air pollution, among other factors. Its pathophysiology is based on a chronic inflammatory process and oxidative stress that condition the degeneration and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Materials and methods: An exploratory, descriptive, cross - sectional study was performed, whose selection of individuals was through an intentional non - probabilistic sampling. Three working groups were established: patients with stable COPD, exacerbated COPD and control group (healthy individuals with no history of smoking). Patients older than 40 years with a diagnosis of COPD confirmed by clinical and spirometric criteria, who attended the consultation of Pneumonology or the Respiratory Care Unit of the Hospital General del Sur “Dr Pedro Iturbe”, Maracaibo - Estado. Zulia, in the period from September 2012 to May 2013. The variables were expressed in absolute and relative measures (qualitative variables), and arithmetic mean ± standard deviation (quantitative variables), and statistical comparisons were made using Student’s Ttest (2 groups) or ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test More groups), as well as Pearson’s correlation test. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: General sample consisting of 90 patients: 45 male and 45 female. Mean MDA of 0.99 ± 0.44 mM, showing statistically significant differences between Control Group (0.85 ± 0.34 mM) vs Stable EPOC Group (1.16 ± 0.59 mM). Mean Nitric Oxide of 41.87 ± 6.34 mM evidenced statistically significant differences between Control Group (37.17 ± 2.65) vs Stable COP (42.93 ± 6.37 mM) and Control Group vs exacerbated COP (45, 50 ± 6.15 mM) Conclusions: The oxidative profile in patients with COPD is elevated, with NO being the major that is related to the smoking habit and the time of evolution of the disease.
Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an entity characterized by the persistence of respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to abnormalities in the airway and / or alveoli mainly due to smoking, as well as exposure to biomass, Harmful gases, vapors, environmental air pollution, among other factors. Its pathophysiology is based on a chronic inflammatory process and oxidative stress that condition the degeneration and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. Materials and methods: An exploratory, descriptive, cross - sectional study was performed, whose selection of individuals was through an intentional non - probabilistic sampling. Three working groups were established: patients with stable COPD, exacerbated COPD and control group (healthy individuals with no history of smoking). Patients older than 40 years with a diagnosis of COPD confirmed by clinical and spirometric criteria, who attended the consultation of Pneumonology or the Respiratory Care Unit of the Hospital General del Sur “Dr Pedro Iturbe”, Maracaibo - Estado. Zulia, in the period from September 2012 to May 2013. The variables were expressed in absolute and relative measures (qualitative variables), and arithmetic mean ± standard deviation (quantitative variables), and statistical comparisons were made using Student’s Ttest (2 groups) or ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc test More groups), as well as Pearson’s correlation test. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: General sample consisting of 90 patients: 45 male and 45 female. Mean MDA of 0.99 ± 0.44 mM, showing statistically significant differences between Control Group (0.85 ± 0.34 mM) vs Stable EPOC Group (1.16 ± 0.59 mM). Mean Nitric Oxide of 41.87 ± 6.34 mM evidenced statistically significant differences between Control Group (37.17 ± 2.65) vs Stable COP (42.93 ± 6.37 mM) and Control Group vs exacerbated COP (45, 50 ± 6.15 mM) Conclusions: The oxidative profile in patients with COPD is elevated, with NO being the major that is related to the smoking habit and the time of evolution of the disease.
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Palabras clave
Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica, Malondialdehido, Óxido Nítrico, Perfil oxidativo, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Malondialdehyde, Nitric Oxide, Oxidative profile