Análisis de la estabilidad laboral reforzada en Colombia, punto de vista desde el derecho constitucional colombiano: pro y contra
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Hernández Camacho, José
Mancipe Melgarejo, Oscar Parmenio
Meneses Urbina, Wilmer Ronaldo
Rodríguez Haro, Luis Gerardo
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El principio constitucional laboral de estabilidad en el empleo surge en virtud de la doctrina
mayormente aceptada, “el trabajador cuenta con la certeza de mantenerse vinculado
laboralmente en la medida que no se concrete ninguna de las causales de terminación
previstas o justas causas establecidas” por el Código Sustantivo del Trabajo. Este principio
tiene como característica principal promover la seguridad y la permanencia del trabajador en
su fuente de ingreso para la satisfacción de sus necesidades; conllevando que el Estado no
tenga un rol pasivo frente al desempleo si no que, por el contrario, pueda promover la
inclusión de medidas y condiciones de estabilidad que prohíban una actuación arbitraria del
empleador con el fin de proteger y garantizar el medio para el sustento vital del trabajador.
De acuerdo a lo anterior, se establece como objetivo analizar la incidencia de la estabilidad
laboral reforzada desde el derecho constitucional en los derechos del empleado y empleador,
a través de un estudio jurídico de la estabilidad laboral reforzada en Colombia ante un
eventual hecho de un accidente o enfermedad laboral. Cabe resaltar que se aplicó el
paradigma hermenéutico junto con un enfoque cualitativo y un diseño de estudio
interpretativo, logrando evidenciar las críticas realizadas por doctrinantes en materia laboral,
en cuanto a la estabilidad laboral reforzada en Colombia y la ausencia de norma expresa en
la legislación laboral que proteja al empleador ante una incapacidad laboral de sus
trabajadores a quienes no solo debe indemnizarlos sino también reubicarlos y sostenerlos en
la empresa.
The constitutional labor principle of stability in employment arises by virtue of the mostly accepted doctrine, "the worker has the certainty of remaining linked to employment to the extent that none of the grounds for termination provided for or just causes established" by the Labour Code. The main characteristic of this principle is to promote the security and permanence of the worker in their source of income to satisfy their needs; meaning that the State does not have a passive role in the face of unemployment but, on the contrary, can promote the inclusion of stability measures and conditions that prohibit arbitrary action by the employer in order to protect and guarantee the means for vital sustenance. of the worker. According to the above, the objective is established to analyze the impact of reinforced labor stability from constitutional law on the rights of the employee and employer, through a legal study of reinforced labor stability in Colombia in the event of an accident. or occupational illness. It should be noted that the hermeneutic paradigm was applied together with a qualitative approach and an interpretive study design, highlighting the criticisms made by labor experts regarding the reinforced labor stability in Colombia and the absence of an express norm in labor legislation. that protects the employer against work incapacity of its workers who must not only compensate them but also relocate them and support them in the company.
The constitutional labor principle of stability in employment arises by virtue of the mostly accepted doctrine, "the worker has the certainty of remaining linked to employment to the extent that none of the grounds for termination provided for or just causes established" by the Labour Code. The main characteristic of this principle is to promote the security and permanence of the worker in their source of income to satisfy their needs; meaning that the State does not have a passive role in the face of unemployment but, on the contrary, can promote the inclusion of stability measures and conditions that prohibit arbitrary action by the employer in order to protect and guarantee the means for vital sustenance. of the worker. According to the above, the objective is established to analyze the impact of reinforced labor stability from constitutional law on the rights of the employee and employer, through a legal study of reinforced labor stability in Colombia in the event of an accident. or occupational illness. It should be noted that the hermeneutic paradigm was applied together with a qualitative approach and an interpretive study design, highlighting the criticisms made by labor experts regarding the reinforced labor stability in Colombia and the absence of an express norm in labor legislation. that protects the employer against work incapacity of its workers who must not only compensate them but also relocate them and support them in the company.
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Palabras clave
Estabilidad laboral reforzada, Enfermedad laboral, Derecho constitucional, Solvencia económica, Reinforced labor stability, Occupational disease, Constitutional law, Economic solvency