Análisis de la efectividad de la conciliación administrativa como herramienta para la resolución efectiva de litigios estatales en Colombia
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Cabarcas Altahona, Juan Carlos
Navarro Manga, Alfredo Antonio
Pérez Pérez, Sixta Elena
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
El sistema judicial en Colombia enfrenta un desafío crucial debido a la alta cantidad de casos en su sistema. Según investigaciones recientes, el sistema judicial enfrenta una gran congestión, con más de 2 millones de casos en el sistema, de los cuales el 59% pertenecen a la jurisdicción contenciosa administrativa, especialmente en litigios estatales. En este contexto, la conciliación administrativa emerge como una herramienta para agilizar la resolución de conflictos en los cuales el Estado es parte.
Este ensayo tiene como objetivo analizar la eficacia de la conciliación administrativa en la resolución de litigios estatales en Colombia. Se argumenta que la conciliación administrativa puede contribuir significativamente a reducir la congestión judicial, promover una cultura de conciliación, y cumplir con los principios de justicia y desarrollo sostenible.
Se plantean diferentes teorías sobre la naturaleza jurídica de la conciliación administrativa, incluyendo su carácter procesal, su papel como instrumento de negocio jurídico, su función como mecanismo para empoderar a los particulares en la administración de justicia, y una teoría ecléctica que combina elementos de las teorías anteriores. Se destaca que la conciliación administrativa permite resolver disputas de manera más rápida, flexible y confidencial en comparación con los procesos judiciales tradicionales. Además, se enfatiza en el papel crucial del conciliador como tercero neutral para facilitar la comunicación y la consecución de acuerdos entre las partes involucradas.
Sin embargo, también se presentan argumentos en contra de la conciliación administrativa. Se menciona el temor de las entidades estatales a comprometer su patrimonio en acuerdos conciliatorios, así como la arraigada cultura de litigio que puede dificultar la adopción de la conciliación como una alternativa válida. Se destaca que la falta de pruebas sólidas y la falta de coerción pueden impactar la equidad y eficacia del proceso conciliatorio.
A pesar de los desafíos, se concluye que la conciliación administrativa tiene el potencial de ser una herramienta valiosa para resolver litigios estatales en Colombia. A través de un análisis detallado de las ventajas y desventajas, se establece que su promoción y uso adecuado pueden contribuir de manera significativa a una administración de justicia más eficaz y a la resolución de conflictos de manera pacífica. Se destaca la importancia de capacitar a los funcionarios encargados de la conciliación y promover una cultura de conciliación para maximizar los beneficios de esta herramienta.
The judicial system in Colombia faces a crucial challenge due to the high number of cases in its system. According to recent investigations, the judicial system faces great congestion, with more than 2 million cases in the system, of which 59% belong to the contentious-administrative jurisdiction, especially in state litigation. In this context, administrative conciliation emerges as a tool to expedite the resolution of conflicts in which the State is a party. This essay aims to analyze the effectiveness of administrative conciliation in the resolution of state disputes in Colombia. It is argued that administrative conciliation can significantly contribute to reducing judicial congestion, promoting a culture of conciliation, and complying with the principles of justice and sustainable development. Different theories are put forward about the legal nature of administrative conciliation, including its procedural nature, its role as a legal business instrument, its function as a mechanism to empower individuals in the administration of justice, and an eclectic theory that combines elements of the previous theories. It is highlighted that administrative conciliation allows disputes to be resolved in a faster, more flexible and confidential manner compared to traditional judicial processes. In addition, the crucial role of the conciliator as a neutral third party to facilitate communication and the achievement of agreements between the parties involved is emphasized. However, arguments are also presented against administrative conciliation. The fear of state entities of compromising their assets in conciliation agreements is mentioned, as well as the deep-rooted culture of litigation that can make it difficult to adopt conciliation as a valid alternative. It is highlighted that the lack of solid evidence and the lack of coercion can impact the fairness and effectiveness of the conciliation process. Despite the challenges, it is concluded that administrative conciliation has the potential to be a valuable tool to resolve state disputes in Colombia. Through a detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages, it is established that its promotion and proper use can significantly contribute to a more effective administration of justice and the peaceful resolution of conflicts. The importance of training officials in charge of conciliation and promoting a culture of conciliation to maximize the benefits of this tool is highlighted.
The judicial system in Colombia faces a crucial challenge due to the high number of cases in its system. According to recent investigations, the judicial system faces great congestion, with more than 2 million cases in the system, of which 59% belong to the contentious-administrative jurisdiction, especially in state litigation. In this context, administrative conciliation emerges as a tool to expedite the resolution of conflicts in which the State is a party. This essay aims to analyze the effectiveness of administrative conciliation in the resolution of state disputes in Colombia. It is argued that administrative conciliation can significantly contribute to reducing judicial congestion, promoting a culture of conciliation, and complying with the principles of justice and sustainable development. Different theories are put forward about the legal nature of administrative conciliation, including its procedural nature, its role as a legal business instrument, its function as a mechanism to empower individuals in the administration of justice, and an eclectic theory that combines elements of the previous theories. It is highlighted that administrative conciliation allows disputes to be resolved in a faster, more flexible and confidential manner compared to traditional judicial processes. In addition, the crucial role of the conciliator as a neutral third party to facilitate communication and the achievement of agreements between the parties involved is emphasized. However, arguments are also presented against administrative conciliation. The fear of state entities of compromising their assets in conciliation agreements is mentioned, as well as the deep-rooted culture of litigation that can make it difficult to adopt conciliation as a valid alternative. It is highlighted that the lack of solid evidence and the lack of coercion can impact the fairness and effectiveness of the conciliation process. Despite the challenges, it is concluded that administrative conciliation has the potential to be a valuable tool to resolve state disputes in Colombia. Through a detailed analysis of the advantages and disadvantages, it is established that its promotion and proper use can significantly contribute to a more effective administration of justice and the peaceful resolution of conflicts. The importance of training officials in charge of conciliation and promoting a culture of conciliation to maximize the benefits of this tool is highlighted.
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Palabras clave
Conciliación administrativa, Justicia administrativa, Litigio estatal, Paz, Administrative conciliation, Administrative justice, State litigation, Peace