Dinámicas económicas presentes en las familias campesinas y su relación con la calidad de vida en el corregimiento Filo de Gringo, Norte de Santander
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Fecha
2023
Autores
Pallares Franco, Anyi Celeny
Moncada Becerra, Sandra Catalina
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Ediciones Universidad Simón Bolívar
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales
Resumen
La presente investigación pretende comprender cómo las dinámicas económicas desarrolladas por las familias campesinas del corregimiento filo del gringo de la subregión del Catatumbo, en un contexto de conflicto armado se relacionan con la calidad de vida de las familias campesinas que fueron víctimas del desplazamiento forzado en la época del 2000 y retornaron a sus tierras en la década del 2002, las cuales implementaron dinámicas económicas para lograr superarse. Se consideró interesante las dinámicas que manejaban las familias de este sector, ya que, a pesar de ser marcada por la violencia, la desigualdad, la marginación y la vulnerabilidad conservan la producción de cultivos tradicionales, de plantas medicinales, cremas y extracción de minerales, pero que el conflicto armado genera que se resalte la presencia de los cultivos de hoja de coca, incentivando un desconociendo de su potencial cultural, turístico y tradicional. De esta manera, se focalizo en dar a conocer a esta comunidad por cada una de sus culturas, tradiciones que han dejado de ser relevantes para la sociedad, ya que se considera que por ser cultivador de la hoja de coca le permite a las personas ajenas a el territorio denigrar y estigmatizar a los campesinos, sin conocer la verdadera realidad y como las familias campesinas tratan de llevar una vida más o menos rentable, por ende, se trata de conocer las características de un corregimiento a través de las vivencias y sentimientos que genera desplazarse y como en el proceso de retorno que es comenzar una vida desde cero. Por ello, no se trata de considerar a una familia campesina promotor de lo ilegal si la realidad que se vive es totalmente diferente, de este modo no radica en saber quién promociona la hoja de la coca que es considerada como ilegal, si no en la manera que afecta a una comunidad. La investigación se inserta dentro de un paradigma interpretativo, con un enfoque cualitativo y con un diseño etnográfico, en la cual, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas, un grupo focal y la observación participante, por lo tanto, se recoge mediante ellas la vivencias, historias de vida y percepciones frente a la calidad de vida, la familia y la economía. Cuyo objetivo es comprender las formas en que las dinámicas económicas ejercidas por las familias campesinas del corregimiento filo del gringo se relacionan o afectan la calidad de vida de esta población. Los resultados muestran que la constante vivencia de múltiples vulneraciones de derechos humanos limita la capacidad de que las familias campesinas asimilen la calidad de vida como algo alcanzable, debido a que si se tiene en cuenta que el desplazamiento afecto estructuras familiares que se enfocaban en estabilidad emocional, asimismo que la presencia de los cultivos de hoja de coca modificó las tradiciones y percepciones sobre la calidad de vida en las familias campesinas. En conclusión, los tipos de trabajos vigentes en el corregimiento filo del gringo se vinculan con los cultivos de hoja de coca, debido a que las condiciones sociales, económicas y familiares adquieren dependencia de un cultivo que por años se ha considerado ilegal, sin embrago, en el presente estudio se puede denotar que las estructuras culturales se ven alteradas por este mismo, es decir, la hoja de coca se puede considerar ilegal por quebrantar las condiciones de vida social y los cultivos tradicionales en familias campesinas que sufren todo tipo de vulneraciones.
This research aims to understand how the economic dynamics developed by peasant families from the Filo del Gringo corregimiento in the Catatumbo subregion, in a context of armed conflict, are related to the quality of life of peasant families who were victims of forced displacement in the in the 2000s and returned to their lands in the 2002s, which implemented economic dynamics to improve themselves. The dynamics managed by families in this sector were considered interesting, since, despite being marked by violence, inequality, marginalization and vulnerability, they preserve the production of traditional crops, medicinal plants, creams and mineral extraction. but that the armed conflict causes the presence of coca leaf crops to be highlighted, encouraging a lack of knowledge of its cultural, tourist and traditional potential. In this way, he focused on making this community known for each of its cultures, traditions that have ceased to be relevant to society, since it is considered that by being a coca leaf grower, it allows outsiders to the territory to denigrate and stigmatize the peasants, without knowing the true reality and how peasant families try to lead a more or less profitable life, therefore, it is about knowing the characteristics of a corregimiento through the experiences and feelings that it generates moving and as in the return process that is to start a life from scratch. Therefore, it is not a matter of considering a peasant family promoter of the illegal if the reality that is lived is totally different, in this way it does not lie in knowing who promotes the coca leaf that is considered illegal, but in the way that affects a community. The research is inserted within an interpretive paradigm, with a qualitative approach and an ethnographic design, in which semi-structured interviews, a focus group and participant observation were applied, therefore, the experiences, stories of life and perceptions regarding the quality of life, the family and the economy. Whose objective is to understand the ways in which the economic dynamics exercised by the peasant families of the corregimiento filo del gringo are related or affect the quality of life of this population. The results show that the constant experience of multiple violations of human rights limits the ability of peasant families to assimilate the quality of life as something achievable, because if it is taken into account that the displacement affected family structures that focused on stability emotional, likewise that the presence of coca leaf crops modified the traditions and perceptions about the quality of life in peasant families. In conclusion, the current types of jobs in the Filo del Gringo corregimiento are linked to coca leaf crops, due to the fact that social, economic and family conditions become dependent on a crop that for years has been considered illegal, however, In the present study it can be denoted that cultural structures are altered by it, that is, the coca leaf can be considered illegal for breaking the conditions of social life and traditional crops in peasant families that suffer all kinds of violations.
This research aims to understand how the economic dynamics developed by peasant families from the Filo del Gringo corregimiento in the Catatumbo subregion, in a context of armed conflict, are related to the quality of life of peasant families who were victims of forced displacement in the in the 2000s and returned to their lands in the 2002s, which implemented economic dynamics to improve themselves. The dynamics managed by families in this sector were considered interesting, since, despite being marked by violence, inequality, marginalization and vulnerability, they preserve the production of traditional crops, medicinal plants, creams and mineral extraction. but that the armed conflict causes the presence of coca leaf crops to be highlighted, encouraging a lack of knowledge of its cultural, tourist and traditional potential. In this way, he focused on making this community known for each of its cultures, traditions that have ceased to be relevant to society, since it is considered that by being a coca leaf grower, it allows outsiders to the territory to denigrate and stigmatize the peasants, without knowing the true reality and how peasant families try to lead a more or less profitable life, therefore, it is about knowing the characteristics of a corregimiento through the experiences and feelings that it generates moving and as in the return process that is to start a life from scratch. Therefore, it is not a matter of considering a peasant family promoter of the illegal if the reality that is lived is totally different, in this way it does not lie in knowing who promotes the coca leaf that is considered illegal, but in the way that affects a community. The research is inserted within an interpretive paradigm, with a qualitative approach and an ethnographic design, in which semi-structured interviews, a focus group and participant observation were applied, therefore, the experiences, stories of life and perceptions regarding the quality of life, the family and the economy. Whose objective is to understand the ways in which the economic dynamics exercised by the peasant families of the corregimiento filo del gringo are related or affect the quality of life of this population. The results show that the constant experience of multiple violations of human rights limits the ability of peasant families to assimilate the quality of life as something achievable, because if it is taken into account that the displacement affected family structures that focused on stability emotional, likewise that the presence of coca leaf crops modified the traditions and perceptions about the quality of life in peasant families. In conclusion, the current types of jobs in the Filo del Gringo corregimiento are linked to coca leaf crops, due to the fact that social, economic and family conditions become dependent on a crop that for years has been considered illegal, however, In the present study it can be denoted that cultural structures are altered by it, that is, the coca leaf can be considered illegal for breaking the conditions of social life and traditional crops in peasant families that suffer all kinds of violations.
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Palabras clave
Dimensión laboral, Ruralidad, Conflicto armado, Dinámicas familiares, Calidad de vida, Labor dimension, Rurality, Armed conflict, Family dynamics, Quality of life